Childhood maltreatment and high dietary fat intake behaviors in adulthood: A birth cohort study     

《Child abuse & neglect》2017

Childhood maltreatment has been associated with a wide range of chronic medical conditions including obesity, other metabolic events and eating disorders. However, little is known about the association between childhood maltreatment and high dietary fat intake. This study addresses the extent to which co-occurring and specific forms of substantiated childhood maltreatment are associated with self-reported high dietary fat intake in adulthood and whether there is a gender–childhood maltreatment interaction in predicting this association. The study also examines the association between age at substantiation of maltreatment, number of childhood maltreatment substantiations and high dietary fat intake-related behaviors. The data were from a prospective Australian pre-birth mother-child dyads study, the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy. The study followed 7223 mother-child dyads following the birth of a live, singleton baby at the Mater hospital. Recruitment was early in pregnancy, and then follow-ups at 3–5 days postpartum and again when the child was 6 months, 5, 14 and 21 years of age. The data were linked to agency-substantiated cases of childhood maltreatment 0–14 years. This study extended the data linkage to 3766 (47.4% female) participants who had complete data on dietary fat intake behaviors at the 21-year follow-up. Consecutive logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios with respective 95% confidence intervals for high dietary fat intake for multiple and specific forms of childhood maltreatment, as well as age at and number of childhood maltreatment substantiations. Finally, a gender–childhood maltreatment interaction term was used to predict the outcome. In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, substantiated childhood maltreatment including physical abuse were associated with high dietary fat intake-related behaviors. Similarly, substantiation of childhood maltreatment between the ages of 5 and 14 years was significantly associated with high dietary fat intake-related behaviors as were two or more substantiations of maltreatment. Inclusion of gender–childhood maltreatment interaction only had a minor impact on the size and direction of the association. Chronic and severe forms of childhood maltreatment including physical abuse are associated with a higher rate of dietary fat intake in young adulthood. Further research to replicate this association might focus on possible neuro-hormonal mechanisms that might explain this behavior.  相似文献   

A collaborative autoethnography study to inform the teaching of reflective practice in STEM     

Rachael Hains-Wesson  Karen Young 《高等教育研究与发展》2017,36(2):297-310

The paper explores a collaborative self-study, autoethnography research project, which aided in informing practice for the teaching of reflective practice in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) at an Australian university. Self-report methods were used, because it enabled the collection of a variety of self-awareness data generated processes to help produce insights and understandings. This was achieved by undertaking a systematic approach to the exploration of a critical friendship between two academic support staff members alongside reflections from a recorded, focus group interview with nine STEM teachers. Four self-awareness data generated processes were used: (1) self-reflections; (2) collaborative reflections; (3) reflections on pertinent literature findings and (4) reflections from nine STEM teachers. A thematic analysis of the data was undertaken, which resulted in the discovery of three turning points such as moments of understandings that challenge assumptions and/or lead to new insights. The findings indicated that a STEM-centric, scaffolded approach that utilised the scientific method for reflective practice enabled the development of a shared understanding around teaching and assessing reflective practice for STEM teachers. First, because it boosted self-confidence and second, because it reduced scepticism around reflective practice as a non-scientific form of learning.  相似文献   

The role of the English learner facilitator in developing teacher capacity for the instruction of English learners     

Felice Atesoglu Russell 《Teachers and Teaching》2017,23(3):312-331

As a field, we have a limited understanding and a dearth of empirical research concerning the role of high school instructional coaches focused on English learners (ELs). This paper examines one EL facilitator’s work as an instructional coach and resource for supporting mainstream content teachers as they learn to meet the needs of adolescent ELs in one high school. This analysis is grounded within an examination of the influence of school structure and organization on the EL facilitator’s work and her role as a resource. Drawing on sociocultural learning theory, as well as literature on teacher leadership and instructional coaching, case study data from a year-long qualitative research project are analyzed. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.  相似文献   

College/University Counseling Centers Supporting Study Away: Challenges and Opportunities     

Charles C. Morse  Janet Dee Spoltore  Paul Galvinhill 《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2017,31(4):325-335

Research points to significant numbers of students on college campuses experiencing mental health distress and an ever increasing number of college students who are choosing to make an off-campus educational experience a part of their college careers. When we consider both of these trends together, it is quite apparent that a significant number of students with mental health concerns will spend periods of time studying away from campus, with converging concerns among college mental health and study away professionals about how to best support these students. This article seeks to outline both challenges and opportunities inherent in the collaboration between campus professionals in supporting students with mental health issues before and during their study away experiences.  相似文献   

红外光电子学研究          下载免费PDF全文

沈学础  褚君浩  陆卫 《中国科学院院刊》2004,19(4):254-258

红外光电子学是在红外光电技术推动下不断发展的学科,其发展与半导体物理学、凝聚态物理学、微电子学以及光学等的关系越来越密切。中国科学院长期将红外光电子学作为重要发展领域予以支持,在任务带学科的模式下取得了一系列重要成果。文中还对该学科的进一步发展提出了一些想法。  相似文献   

货币供应量作为我国货币政策中介目标的有效性分析   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

封思贤 《中国软科学》2006,86(5):39-48

通过运用向量自回归(VAR)模型、脉冲响应函数(IRF)、方差分解分析等经济计量方法,本文对我国现行货币政策中介目标进行了实证分析并得出结论:货币供应量作为中介目标的有效性正不断降低,实际利率作为中介目标的实施效果好于货币供应量。本文认为,基础货币难以控制、货币乘数不稳定、货币流通速度不断下降和货币政策传导机制不完善等因素是产生上述实证结论的重要原因。最后,本文提出了相关建议。  相似文献   

中小民营企业跨越发展的学习机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张华胜  柳卸林 《科研管理》2001,22(1):64-73

本着重讨论了中小民营企业进行技术跨越的学习机制，建立了中小民营企业的学习机制分析模型，在此基础上对泉州市的民营企业作了实证研究，采用非定量的描述冰雹对中小民营企业的学习特征进行了识别，提出一些有意义的观点。  相似文献   

信息探讨:情报概念的一个新的认识视角     

王知津  樊振佳 《情报理论与实践》2007,(4)

基于“”理论的分析方法具有方法论的意义,根据相似性原理,通过情报过程与能量过程的比较,论证了把“”理论引入情报学的可行性。从“情报是在一定环境下对用户有用的信息”这一命题出发,提出了情报即“信息”的观点。从“信息”的情报观出发,阐述了情报学就是以“信息”为研究对象的学科,该学科的中心任务就是研究如何最大限度地开发信息中所包含的“信息”。“信息”是情报概念的一个新的认识视角,具有探索性。  相似文献   

中国地区能源强度缺口研究     

周明明  赵果庆 《科技管理研究》2016,(20):249-254

利用DEA-SBM模型测度地区间能源强度缺口,并研究其决定因素。结果发现,2003—2014年间,我国地区能源强度缺口逐年缩小,其原因是技术水平、经济水平、产业结构对地区能源强度缺口具有缩小作用,而要素禀赋、政府支出对地区能源强度缺口具有扩大作用。为了实现能源强度的最优化,国家"十三五"期间应采取"提升东部产业结构,减少中部政府干预,提升西部技术水平"的区域性措施。  相似文献   

信息有序的理论框架   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马大川  马越 《情报理论与实践》2006,29(6):677-680

本文从普遍存在的无序向有序发展变化的理论，探讨信息从无序向有序发展的规律及现在普遍应用的方法及工具。最后，总结并揭示了信息有序发展的理论框架图。  相似文献