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41.
Research examining our ability to avoid obstacles in our path has stressed the importance of visual input. The aim of this study was to determine if athletes playing varsity-level field sports, who rely on visual input to guide motor behaviour, are more able to guide their foot over obstacles compared to recreational individuals. While wearing kinematic markers, eight varsity athletes and eight age-matched controls (aged 18–25) walked along a walkway and stepped over stationary obstacles (180° motion arc). Visual input was manipulated using PLATO visual goggles three or two steps pre-obstacle crossing and compared to trials where vision was given throughout. A main effect between groups for peak trail toe elevation was shown with greater values generated by the controls for all crossing conditions during full vision trials only. This may be interpreted as athletes not perceiving this obstacle as an increased threat to their postural stability. Collectively, findings suggest the athletic group is able to transfer their abilities to non-specific conditions during full vision trials; however, varsity-level athletes were equally reliant on visual cues for these visually guided stepping tasks as their performance was similar to the controls when vision is removed. 相似文献
42.
Natália Boneti Moreira Oldemar Mazzardo Gislaine Cristina Vagetti Valdomiro De Oliveira Wagner De Campos 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):988-996
This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03–1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51–2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08–5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26–2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41–2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35–5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06–1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90–2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14–3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains. 相似文献
43.
L. Verburgh E. J. A. Scherder P. A. M. van Lange J. Oosterlaan 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1782-1790
In sports, fast and accurate execution of movements is required. It has been shown that implicitly learned movements might be less vulnerable than explicitly learned movements to stressful and fast changing circumstances that exist at the elite sports level. The present study provides insight in explicit and implicit motor learning in youth soccer players with different expertise levels. Twenty-seven youth elite soccer players and 25 non-elite soccer players (aged 10–12) performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT). In the SRTT, one of the sequences must be learned explicitly, the other was implicitly learned. No main effect of group was found for implicit and explicit learning on mean reaction time (MRT) and accuracy. However, for MRT, an interaction was found between learning condition, learning phase and group. Analyses showed no group effects for the explicit learning condition, but youth elite soccer players showed better learning in the implicit learning condition. In particular, during implicit motor learning youth elite soccer showed faster MRTs in the early learning phase and earlier reached asymptote performance in terms of MRT. Present findings may be important for sports because children with superior implicit learning abilities in early learning phases may be able to learn more (durable) motor skills in a shorter time period as compared to other children. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、测试法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法对国家皮划艇青年队进行功能动作筛查测试,根据测试结果为备战2020年奥运会提供数据及理论的支持。通过研究发现:划艇运动员的总分情况整体优于皮艇运动员;大部分运动员髋、膝、踝三关节在单一的运动平面中具有较好的协调和稳定性,但在两个以上的运动平面中完成动作的稳定和控制能力有待提高;运动员的髋关节、肩关节及股四头肌柔韧性存在不平衡现象,左侧链与右侧链在多运动平面中协调稳定性也存在不平衡现象;运动员的损伤率较高,且损伤的主要部位是肩和腰。 相似文献
46.
陈升 《赣南师范学院学报》2011,32(6):77-80
竞技武术是武术的重要组成部分,是基于传统武术套路发展起来的武术运动.难度动作的完成情况是竞技武术套路竞赛中制胜的关键,采用文献资料法、录像分析法、比较研究法、数理统计法等研究方法,对2010年全国武术套路冠军、2011年全国武术套路锦标赛及2011年全国武术套路冠军赛中长拳、刀、枪、剑、棍共5个项目比赛成绩的前16名,共80名男子运动员在各项目比赛中的难度动作完成情况进行统计分析,对当前国内优秀男子长拳类运动员难度动作选做、扣分情况进行分析,发现竞技长拳类运动员在完成难度动作过程中出现的问题,对其问题解决对策进行分析探讨.旨在为提高竞技武术长拳类项目难度动作成功率提供借鉴和参考. 相似文献
47.
谈兴奋剂对运动员身心的危害 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从人体正常分泌的激素对肌肉运动能力的积极影响入手,进而分析了参赛运动员以及正当方式使用人体内不存在的物质,人为地、不公平地运动成绩现象,目前,兴奋剂已成为竞技体育中的国际公害,它对运动员的身心造成了伤害,扭曲体育精神,应予以制止。 相似文献
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马秀萍 《伊犁师范学院学报》2011,(2):37-41
三宫回族乡青少年的九年义务教育现状表现为:小学教育基本完全普及,初中教育虽呈良好发展趋势,却还存在一些不容忽视的问题,进而影响到了青少年的中等教育。青少年的九年义务教育现状主要与当地农牧民的家庭现状、教育观念、学校条件、教育措施等方面密切相关。 相似文献
50.
通过对中、外优秀男篮运动员的比赛录像进行分析,针对防守助攻这个指标进行数据对比。发现我国男篮运动员在防守助攻能力方面与国外优秀男篮运动员存在差距。建议要重视防守技术的发展,真正做到以守促攻的目的。 相似文献