性出于气 有善有恶——王廷相的气质人性论     

张立新 《安顺学院学报》2009,11(6):65-68

王廷相是明代中期气学的代表人物,他以元气为世界的本原,将理纳入气中,认为理为气之理,没有超越于气之外的理。在理气论的思想指导下,提出了性出于气,人物之性无非气质所为,离气不能言性,气质之性之外无本然之性;性出于气,有善有恶,人性可通过教化和习行而为善。  相似文献   

An improvement of single-network adaptive critic design for nonlinear systems with asymmetry constraints     

Xiangwei Bu 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(16):9646-9664

Traditional approximate/adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) methods can handle a very special class of systems subject to symmetry constraints. In this study, I extend the exiting ADP to a broader class of nonlinear dynamic systems with asymmetry constraints. Firstly, I propose a novel nonquadratic cost function, based on which the developed optimal controller by solving Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation can limit its value to arbitrarily prescribed bound. Then, to avoid “curse of dimensionality”, I approximately implement the addressed controller via single-network adaptive critic design. Fuzzy Hyperbolic Model is introduced to construct the single critic network by approximating optimal cost function, from which I further derive the optimal control law. The potential advantages are that the control structure is simple and the computational load is low. Lyapunov synthesis proves the ultimately uniformly bounded stability of closed-loop control system. Finally, numerical simulation results verify the efficiency and superiority of the proposed approach.  相似文献   

Child maltreatment re-offending in families served by the United States Air Force Family Advocacy Program     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

The current study examined child maltreatment re-offending in United States Air Force (USAF) families. In a clinical database containing 24,999 child maltreatment incidents perpetrated by 15,042 offenders between the years 1997 and 2013, 13% of offenders maltreated a child on more than one date (i.e., they re-offended). We explored several offender demographic characteristics associated with who re-offended and found that civilians re-offended at a similar rate as active duty members, males re-offended at a similar rate as females, and younger offenders were more likely to re-offend than older offenders. We also explored incident characteristics associated with who re-offended: Re-offending was more likely if the initial maltreatment was neglect or emotional abuse and re-offenders were likely to perpetrate subsequent maltreatment that was the same type and severity as their initial incident. The current data indicate that young offenders and offenders of neglect and emotional maltreatment are the greatest risk of re-offending. These offender and incident characteristics could be used by the USAF to guide their efforts to reduce re-offending.  相似文献   

拳击前手直拳与后手直拳地面支撑反作用力特征比较研究          下载免费PDF全文

史东林 《河北体育学院学报》2015,29(3):68-71

目的:为了区别前手直拳与后手直拳下肢蹬地地面支撑反作用力的特征,进一步细化拳击下肢蹬地发力的特点.方法:运用两块KISTLER三维测力台和VICON MX红外高速摄影系统,让运动员分别以前手直拳和后手直拳全力击打固定目标,采集地面支撑反作用力参数,二者进行对比.结果:运动员后手直拳击打,双脚均主动发力,蹬地发力的时间均在100-200ms;发力50 ms时力值占最大力量峰值的百分比均低于35％,后续发力特征明显.前手直拳击打,前脚起主要作用,蹬地发力时间均在100ms之内,发力50 ms时力值占最大力量峰值的百分比均高于60％.与前手直拳相比,后手直拳下肢发力时长,具有显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:拳击前手直拳与后手直拳下肢蹬地地面反作用力特征相比存在差异,从发力时长角度比较,前手直拳发力时间短,发力初期力量增长特征明显,表现为起动力量特征;后手直拳下肢蹬地后续发力特征明显,表现为爆发力属性特征.  相似文献   

Are the creative industries meritocratic? An analysis of the 2014 British Labour Force Survey     

Dave O’Brien  Daniel Laurison  Andrew Miles  Sam Friedman 《Cultural Trends》2016,25(2):116-131

ABSTRACT

There is currently widespread concern that Britain’s cultural and creative industries (CCIs) are increasingly dominated by the privileged. This stands in stark contrast to dominant policy narratives of the CCIs as meritocratic. Until now this debate has been clouded by a relative paucity of data on class origins. This paper draws on new social origin data from the 2014 Labour Force Survey to provide the first large-scale, representative study of the class composition of Britain’s creative workforce. The analysis demonstrates that CCIs show significant variation in their individual “openness”, although there is a general under-representation of those from working-class origins across the sector. This under-representation is especially pronounced in publishing and music, in contrast to, for example, craft. Moreover, even when those from working-class backgrounds enter certain CCIs, they face a “class origin pay gap” compared to those from privileged backgrounds. The paper discusses how class inequalities, as well as those related to gender and ethnicity, between individual CCIs point to occupational subcultures that resist aggregation into the Department for Culture, Media and Sport’s broader category of CCIs. The paper concludes by suggesting the importance of disaggregating CCIs and rethinking the definition and boundaries of CCIs as a meaningful category.  相似文献   

图书馆管理者与图书馆凝聚力   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

何荣利 《中国图书馆学报》1993,19(4)

What is called the force of cohesion in the library is both the library's attractive force to the staff and the staff's centripetal force to the library.Once the force of cohesion is formed,it well produce benefits of the whole.The formation of it is subjected to many different factors,among which,the most important ones are the library administrator's instruction,persuasion and cultivation.A good and qualified library administrator should be able to judge the hour and size up the situation,do his utmost to strengthen the force of cohesion in the library and try to stablilize his own contigent of staff.4 refs.  相似文献   

发现题材与培育人品——中学作文教学侧议     

汤国铣 《贵州教育学院学报》2002,18(6):80-84

无话可说是中学生写作文普遍碰到的困难，是作文能力的主要障碍。解决这个问题必须明确作文题材不等于客观事物这一基本事实，并充分认识到题材的实质是主客观的统一体，是写作主体本质力量的对象化，从而在教学中努力贯彻教书育人的方针，切实抓好学生的人品建设，使他们真正走出作文“下笔无言”的困境。  相似文献   

广州工人与商团事变     

霍新宾 《五邑大学学报(社会科学版)》2005,7(2):21-25

因广州商团事变引发的工商阶级对抗,不仅是国共合作“扶助劳工”的政治动员的产物,而且在很大程度上是孙中山政府为挽救其危亡而刻意实施的权宜之策,并不意味着国民党已步入“阶级斗争”的理念正轨。随着商团的覆灭,此种阶级意识亦即呈弱化态势,这与国民党“工商协调”的劳资政策有着密切关联。  相似文献   

无为与养气——《文心雕龙》“养气”说与魏晋玄学   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄应全 《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,(3)

本文试图详细考察《文心雕龙》中的“养气”说与魏晋玄学的关系。本文认为 ,《文心》的“养气”说与由孟子“知言养气”而来的文气说完全不同 ,它不是从精神方面而是从生理方面立论的 ;《养气》篇的基本宗旨是创作过程应该因任自然而不要强作妄为 ;这种以无为论养气的主张 ,显然受到王弼、郭象等玄学家“无为而无不为”观念以及嵇康“养生论”的影响。  相似文献   

近二十年唐才常及自立军起义研究述评     

孙桃丽 《伊犁教育学院学报》2006,19(1):18-22,45

唐才常是中国近代史上著名的政治活动家。甲午战争后《中日马关条约》的签定,唐才常在激愤中觉醒,在湖南积极参与戊戌维新运动;戊戌政变后,他组织自立会,建立自立军,并于1900年领导自立军起义,后被张之洞杀害。关于自立军起义性质及唐才常所属派别问题,学术界存在不同观点。作此述评,以期推动这一领域的研究。  相似文献