英汉习语中的六大文化差异     

焦阳 《滨州学院学报》2008,24(2):83-85

从语言世界观的角度看,不同民族的语言文化之间具有一定的共性。但是,因物质环境和所处地域不同,社会文化的哲学渊源不同,也必然存在各自独特的民族个性。而作为语言文化精华的习语表现更为突出。英汉习语中的差异主要表现在:生存环境、习俗文化、宗教信仰、历史典故、客观事物认知和数字认识六个方面。  相似文献   

在线教育:数字鸿沟还是数字机遇?--基于疫情期间在线学习城乡差异分析     

赵宏  蒋菲  汤学黎  甄志平 《开放教育研究》2021,27(2):62-68

疫情期间,全国大规模在线教学实践引发了很多热点,在线教育城乡差异的讨论是其中之一。本研究采用调查研究法,以城乡中小学生为调查对象,从在线学习准备、在线学习情况、在线学习体验等方面调查了在线学习的现状,通过独立样本T检验分析城乡学生在线学习的差异,并寻找引发差异的原因。研究发现,城乡中小学生在线学习条件、自主学习能力以及对在线学习认同度三个方面存在显著差异,其中网络条件是引发差异的基本因素,自主学习能力是关键因素,对在线学习的认同度是核心因素。基于此,本研究从增强“硬实力”、提高“软实力”、发展“新模式”三个方面提出建议,以发挥在线教育促进教育公平的作用。  相似文献   

高校毕业生行业收入差距成因探析     

周丽萍  岳昌君 《复旦教育论坛》2021,19(3):61-68

利用2009-2017年全国高校毕业生就业调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配和Oaxaca-Blinder成因分解等实证方法,对高校毕业生行业收入差距的成因进行探析。研究结果表明：毕业生行业收入差距在总体上存在拉大趋势,行业收入差距更多体现在行业间;新兴服务业（金融和IT）既是高校毕业生最热衷进入的行业,又是存在显著收入溢价的行业;行业间的个人、家庭、工作和人力资本特征差异是造成行业间收入差距的重要原因,其中人力资本异质性的贡献度更大;排除以上因素的影响,能力相似的毕业生因为选择进入新兴服务业,起薪至少显著高12%。这意味着新兴服务业从业人员的收入溢价主要源于毕业生选择进入新兴服务业,而不是因为进入新兴服务业的毕业生的人力资本水平更高,家庭背景更好,或者从事的工作岗位级别更高。  相似文献   

基于因子分析模型的区域技术创新能力体系评价及地域差异化研究——兼议中西部地区技术创新能力的提升   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

陈艳艳 《软科学》2006,20(3):92-96

运用因子分析模型,构建出区域技术创新能力评价体系并选取31个省市的16个原始指标,在对各地区区域技术创新能力及差异进行综合评价与分析的基础上,探讨东部及中西部地区差异化形成原因及其对策,以期为各地区尤其是中西部地区制定区域经济和技术发展政策提供依据。  相似文献   

企业诚信的差异性研究——基于苏州等五地188家企业的实证调查     

谢凤华  宝贡敏 《软科学》2004,18(5):89-92,96

企业诚信的研究近年来成为理论与实践界探讨的热门话题。那么,企业到底该对谁讲诚信,讲诚信的程度是否有着差异性?不同性质、规模、成长阶段企业的诚信水平是否具有差异性?不同地区企业的诚信水平是否具有差异性?对失信、违约企业会有什么样不同的处罚方式?文章在调查研究的基础上,从不同的角度分析了企业诚信的差异。我们可以利用这种差异来大致识别企业的诚信水平,为实现企业管理目标而少走一些弯路。  相似文献   

跨界合作网络与专利产出的性别差异：基于中科院科研人员调查的实证研究     

秦佩恒  洪志生  赵兰香 《科研管理》2020,41(10):258-267

本文以中科院所属研究院所科研人员为主要调查对象，从跨界合作网络的视角出发，分析专利产出性别差异的社会网络机制。研究主要有3个发现：1.女性科研人员跨界合作网络规模和网络关系强度上均存在明显的欠缺；2.与企业界、其他学科领域合作网络规模和网络关系强度上的欠缺是影响专利产出性别差异的重要因素，而且网络关系强度的影响作用要大于网络规模的影响；3.性别对于跨界合作网络与专利产出关系的调节作用并不显著，即在拥有相同网络规模和网络关系强度的情况下，女性从与各类合作网络关系中获得专利产出回报的可能性与男性并无显著区别。与男性同事相比，女性的专利产出会更多地受到其他因素的影响，如职业早期的企业工作经历、单位组织的知识产权培训等。最后，在结果讨论的基础上提出在学术成果商业化新趋势下减少科技领域性别差异的政策建议。  相似文献   

Cultural Differences in Chinese and Western Festivals     

朱燕 《科教文汇》2007,(26)

Festivals are precious cultural heritage of different countries,so differentfestivals can reflect different cultures. This article discusses cultural differences in Chinese and western festivals, aiming to promote cross-culture communication.  相似文献   

The Dutch gender gap in mathematics: Small for achievement, substantial for beliefs and attitudes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Martina Meelissen  Hans Luyten 《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2008,34(2):82

In general, studies on gender and mathematics show that the advantage held by boys over girls in mathematics achievement has diminished markedly over the last 40 years. Some researchers even argue that gender differences in mathematics achievement are no longer a relevant issue. However, the results of the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study of 2003 (TIMSS-2003), as well as the participation rates of girls in (advanced) mathematics courses, show that in some countries, such as the Netherlands, gender equity in mathematics is still far from a reality. Research on gender and mathematics is often limited to the relationship between gender differences in attitudes toward mathematics and gender differences in mathematics achievement. In school effectiveness research, theories and empirical evidence emphasize the importance of certain school and class characteristics (e.g., strong educational leadership, safe and orderly learning climate) for achievement and attitudes. However, there is little information available at to whether these factors have the same or a different influence on the achievement of girls and boys. This study used the Dutch data from TIMSS-2003 to explore the relationship between school- and class characteristics and the mathematics achievement and attitudes for both girls and boys in Grade 4 of the primary school. The explorations documented in this paper were guided by a conceptual model of concentric circles and involved multilevel analyses. Interaction effects with gender were assessed for each influencing factor that turned out to have a significant effect. The results of these analyses provide additional insight into the influence that non-school-related and school-related factors have on the mathematics achievement and attitudes of girls and boys.  相似文献   

Perception of career barriers: The importance of gender and ethnic variables     

Paulo Cardoso  José Ferreira Marques 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2008,8(1):49-61

Differences of gender and ethnicity were examined in terms of the perception of barriers to career development. The Perception of Career Barriers Inventory (IPBC) was administered to a sample of 457 ninth grade students in Portuguese state schools. Gender differences were found, with girls generally scoring higher and in particular on some specific scales. African ethnic participants score higher than Portuguese participants across all the IPBC scales. These findings are more obvious with African participants born in Africa than with those born in Portugal. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   

First steps toward gender equity in the chemistry Olympiad: Understanding the role of implicit gender‐science stereotypes     

Anneke Steegh  Tim Hffler  Lars Hft  Ilka Parchmann 《科学教学研究杂志》2021,58(1):40-68

Girls are underrepresented in mathematical and science Olympiads, global informal learning activities which often serve as stepping stones for admission to top universities and future STEM careers. The present article aims to investigate the role of implicit gender‐science stereotypes on representation and achievement among participants of the German Chemistry Olympiad using a cross‐sectional online study (N = 445, mean age 16.5 years, 51% female) entailing the Implicit Association Test and two motivational scales. This study was the first of its kind to use moderated mediation analysis to examine the effects of gender‐science stereotypes on participation and achievement, mediated by the expectancy and value beliefs self‐concept and topic interest. We found that in the female group, gender‐science stereotypes negatively predicted the participants' willingness to continue in the competition. This relationship was mediated through topic interest. In addition, we found self‐concept predictive for further participation among female participants, as well as for competition score among both gender groups. Furthermore, topic interest positively predicted male participants' willingness to continue with the competition. The results underline the negative association of implicit gender stereotypes with female participation in the German Chemistry Olympiad. Organizations such as the German Chemistry Olympiad should therefore critically reflect on existing gender biases within their own structure. In doing so they can create an environment that has the potential to heighten self‐concept and interest for all participants equally. Our findings add to existing expectancy‐value research in the context of gender differences in mathematics and science, supporting potential strategies toward gender equity.  相似文献