‘Happy when they arrive,happy when they go home’ – focusing on promoting children’s mental health creates a sense of trust at preschools     

Katarina Haraldsson  Pernilla Isaksson  Monica Eriksson 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2017,37(4):386-399

A need for research on young children’s mental health has been identified. Moreover, there is a need to enhance teachers’ skills regarding health promotion work in preschool. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of a specific course on mental health promotion among Swedish preschool teachers. Data were gathered through interviews and documentation. A qualitative content analysis was used. Three categories: ‘attention’, ‘belonging’ and ‘personal growth’ – and six subcategories emerged from the analysis. The latent content of these categories is described in the theme: ‘Increased awareness, in thoughts and actions, of promoting mental health may create a sense of trust at preschools’. The results show that a specific course to promote mental health enhanced the teachers’ awareness of mental health which improved their work with children. This contributed to the development of a sense of trust at preschools, which is important to children’s mental health.  相似文献   

Child psychiatry takes to the streets: a developmental partnership between a university institute and children and adolescents from the streets of Sao Paulo, Brazil     

Scivoletto S  da Silva TF  Rosenheck RA 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(2):89-95

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The disease burden of childhood adversities in adults: a population-based study     

Cuijpers P  Smit F  Unger F  Stikkelbroek Y  Ten Have M  de Graaf R 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(11):937-945

Objectives

There is much evidence showing that childhood adversities have considerable effects on the mental and physical health of adults. It could be assumed therefore, that the disease burden of childhood adversities is high. It has not yet been examined, however, whether this is true.

Method

We used data of a large representative sample (N = 7,076) of the general population in the Netherlands. We calculated the disability weight (DW) for each respondent. The DW is a weight factor that reflects the severity of a disease or condition on a scale from 0 (perfect health) to 1 (equivalent to death). We used an algorithm based on the SF-6D to estimate DW. Because the DW indicates the proportion of a healthy life year that is reduced by the specific health state of the individual, it also possible to calculate the total number of years lost due to disability (YLD) in the population. We calculated the years lived with disability (YLD) for 9 different childhood adversities (in the areas of parental psychopathology; abuse and neglect; major life events), as well as for major categories of mental disorders and general medical disorders.

Results

All 9 adversities resulted in a significantly increased DW, except death of a parent before the age of 16. Adversities in the category of abuse and neglect are associated with the highest DWs (0.057), followed by parental psychopathology (0.031) and life events during childhood (0.012). All adversities (46.4% of the population reports one or more adversity) are associated with 20.7 YLD/1,000, which is more than all mental disorders together (12.9 YLD/1,000). The category of abuse/neglect has the highest YLD/1,000 (15.8), which is also higher than all mental disorders together. Adjustment for the presence of mental and general medical disorders resulted in comparable outcomes.

Conclusions

Childhood adversities are more important from a public health point of view than all common mental disorders together, and should be a priority for public health interventions.  相似文献   

Changes in parental depression symptoms during family preservation services     

Chaffin M  Bard D 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(6):448-458

Objectives

Parental depression symptoms often change over the course of child welfare family preservation and parenting services. This raises the question of whether certain processes in family preservation services might be associated with depression symptom change. This study tests three correlational models of change among family preservation service participants: (a) changes in depression symptoms are one facet of broad general changes in wellbeing; (b) the quality of the home visitor-client relationship is associated depression symptom changes; and (c) linking parents to adjunctive services is associated with symptom changes.

Methods

Participants were 2,175 parents in family preservation services, largely for child neglect, who were surveyed using standard measures at pre-treatment, post-treatment and 6 month follow-up. Change patterns were evaluated using growth models, including bivariate parallel and multivariate second-order models.

Results

Parallel growth was noted among depression symptoms and changes in social, economic, familial, and parenting domains. A second order change model positing a global change pattern fit the data well. Working alliance had a modest association with improvement, but successful linkage to outside mental health services was not associated with improvement.

Conclusions

Changes in diverse indicators of wellbeing follow a global pattern which might support use of less complex rather than more fully comprehensive service plans. Findings about lack of adjunctive usual care mental health service benefit may be related to uncontrolled factors and this is a topic in need of additional study.  相似文献   

体育与健康教育对大学生心理健康影响的研究     

魏佳巍  崔小良  张海  张宝华  范晓明  卢佳伟  段庆忠 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2011,29(6):119-122

我国高校在进行学校体育与健康教育结合过程中,健康教育问题最为突出。许多学校没有对开设健康教育课的重要性,必要性和紧迫性引起高度重视。运用文献资料法,认真总结分析学校体育与健康教育的经验教训。加强教育和体育的比较研究,有助于我们探索出适合我国国情的体育与健康教育的结合之路。  相似文献   

天津市普通高校开设心理素质拓展训练课程的调查与分析     

刘泽林 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2011,29(1):50-53

运用问卷调查、访问调查等研究方法,对心理素质拓展训练课程在天津市普通高校的发展现状、大学生心理素质状况、拓展训练课的内容与形式、开展拓展训练课程的作用以及学生的需求等方面进行深入的调查分析,旨在为在普通高校全面开设心理拓展课程提供理论依据。  相似文献   

基于阅读疗法的大学新生心理障碍综合干预个案研究     

卢胜利  雎密太 《山东图书馆季刊》2011,(2):38-41

针对大学新生心理障碍患者已使用药物治疗的个案背景,选用短篇文献,进行引领阅读启发思考、指导作业强化认知和交流讨论净化心灵的阅读治疗。同时停止使用药物治疗,综合运用＂同伴疗法＂、＂家庭疗法＂、＂体能训练法＂和＂实践领悟法＂等心理治疗方法进行8次治疗。跟踪一年,案主无论在学习还是在人际关系方面表现优良,得到同学和老师的广泛认可。证明：基于阅读疗法的综合干预,是使大学新生心理障碍患者在认知、情感及行为诸方面发生积极变化,消除心理障碍,促进个性成长、人格完善,从而使其达到心身健康的有效方法。  相似文献   

女性阅读及其“身心灵”导引与治疗   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王红 《山东图书馆季刊》2011,(2):42-44,59

分析了女性阅读的特点,指出女性阅读与心理健康的关系,归纳了几个女性作家及其＂身心灵＂代表著作。构建女性阅读学,加强女性阅读治疗的本土化研究,有利于女性＂身心灵＂导引和治疗,并推动我国阅读疗法的不断发展和升华。  相似文献   

大学生的性别角色双性化研究述评     

高原 《科教文汇》2011,(7):166-166,208

本文总结了大学生性别角色双性化与人格和心理健康水平间的关系。发现情绪稳定、自信心强、对环境持开放态度、有和谐的人际关系等品质在双性化人格的大学生身上有所体现．它是大学生的理想人格模式。在心理健康方面．双性化者的心理健康水平比女性化和未分化者更为理想而与男性化者无显著差异。  相似文献   

任务驱动下的学术数据库新手心智模型演进及学习模式研究     

王菲妍  柯青  韩正彪 《图书情报知识》2021,(1):113-124

[目的/意义]如何理解新手在与学术数据库交互过程中其心智模型的演进过程和学习模式是值得关注的问题,探究任务类型对学术数据库新手用户心智模型和学习模式的影响能够更好地帮助用户使用学术数据库。[研究设计/方法]本研究通过77位新手用户参与完成三种不同类型的任务(事实型搜索、探索型搜索和干涉型搜索)前后分别绘制的中国知网概念图的实验,对概念图的结构差异和内容差异进行分析,探讨不同任务情境下学术数据库新手心智模型的演进规律及学习模式。[结论/发现]研究表明用户信息搜索前后心智模型的演进模式受到任务类型的驱动,呈现出不同的概念图结构和维度内容;用户在不同任务的搜索前后均进行了学习行为,但学习模式存在差异,大多数新手用户在事实型任务和干涉型任务搜索后进行了有意义的学习,而在探索型任务搜索后用户进行了初步学习。[创新/价值]从任务类型的影响视角丰富了“搜索即学习”中的新手用户心智模型和学习模式的研究内容,有利于信息专业人员为新手开展信息检索技能培训和优化检索系统设计。  相似文献