排序方式： 共有74条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
目的：研究健身登山对中老年肥胖患者体质水平、血脂、胰岛素抵抗及C-反应蛋白水平的影响。方法：对肥胖中老年患者128名，进行健身登山训练，并于登山前后各测定一次体质水平、血脂、胰岛素、C反应蛋白。结果：健身登山后研究对象的体质水平、血脂、HDL-C水平、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、C-反应蛋白均较健身登山前有显著改善（P<0.05）。结论：健身登山能够作为中老年肥胖患者的运动疗法方案，对预防和减少中老年肥胖患者的心脑血管疾病发生发展具有重要作用。 相似文献
62.
目的：探究肥胖对大学生心肺功能和身体素质的影响,为肥胖大学生制定科学的运动处方和体育教学提供参考依据。方法：将研究对象分为实验组和对照组。实验组为肥胖大学生,对照组为正常体重大学生,运用quarkb2型运动心肺功能测试仪测得受试者的最大摄氧量、氧脉搏、肺通气量等指标。在运动场测得受试者引体向上、立定跳远、50m跑和1 000m跑成绩,运用SPSS11.0统计软件对测试数据作差异统计学分析。结果：实验组的最大摄氧量绝对值大于对照组,而最大摄氧量相对值表现为对照组大于实验组。无氧阈表现为对照组大于实验组。氧脉搏绝对值表现为实验组大于对照组,相对值为对照组大于实验组。肺通气量绝对值表现为实验组大于对照组,而相对值表现为对照组大于实验组。对照组的四项身体素质测试成绩均明显好于实验组。结论：①由于多余体脂的影响,肥胖大学生的有氧耐力比较差。②肥胖者的最大摄氧量、最大氧脉搏绝对值高于正常体重者,是个体为克服过多体脂造成的过重负荷而表现出的生理性代偿。③肥胖大学生的骨骼肌对VO2max的利用率比较低。④肥胖是影响大学生心肺功能和身体素质的一个不良因素。 相似文献
63.
Ekaidem IS Bolarin DM Udoh AE Etuk SJ Udiong CE 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(2):187-192
Plasma fibronectin (FN) levels in obese/overweight and non-obese pregnant women were evaluated as a possible risk factor for
preeclampsia. A total of one hundred and sixty three pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at University of Calabar Teaching
Hospital participated in the study and sixty non-pregnant women served as control. About 77 (47.24%) of the pregnant women
were followed up for any subsequent development of preeclampsia during the pregnancy. Fibronectin levels in plasma were measured
by ELISA assay and serum total protein, urea and creatinine were determined spectrophotometrically. The mean plasma FN concentration
of non-obese pregnant women in first trimester was lower than those of the non-pregnant women by 24%, but however, increased
to the non-pregnant level in second and third trimesters. Obese/overweight pregnant women had significantly (P < 0.05) higher values than non-obese pregnant women in second and third trimesters. FN in obese/overweight pregnant women
correlated positively with mean arterial blood pressure (MAP: r = 0.414, P = 0.04). About 28.57% of the pregnant women with FN above cut off point of 330 μg/ml at 18–24 weeks of gestation developed
preeclampsia. This value increased to 40.0% when only the obese/overweight women were considered. On analysis of both fibronectin
>330 μg/ml and MAP > 90, the predictive value increased to 66.7%. We therefore conclude that elevated FN may be regarded as
a risk factor of preeclampsia especially among the obese women. 相似文献
64.
Objective
The goal of this study was to investigate the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in youth in a low-income, urban community.Study design
Data from a retrospective chart review of 701 subjects from the Bayview Child Health Center in San Francisco are presented. Medical chart documentation of ACEs as defined in previous studies were coded and each ACE criterion endorsed by a traumatic event received a score of 1 (range = 0-9). This study reports on the prevalence of various ACE categories in this population, as well as the association between ACE score and two pediatric problems: learning/behavior problems and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85% (i.e., overweight or obese).Results
The majority of subjects (67.2%, N = 471) had experienced 1 or more categories of adverse childhood experiences (ACE ≥ 1) and 12.0% (N = 84) had experienced 4 or more ACEs (ACE ≥ 4). Increased ACE scores correlated with increased risk of learning/behavior problems and obesity.Conclusions
There was a significant prevalence of endorsed ACE categories in this urban population. Exposure to 4 or greater ACE categories was associated with increased risk for learning/behavior problems, as well as obesity.Practice implications
Results from this study demonstrate the need both for screening of ACEs among youth in urban areas and for developing effective primary prevention and intervention models. 相似文献65.
哈尔滨体育学院学生体质健康测试结果的分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过实验法对哈尔滨体育学院3279名在校学生进行身高体重、立定跳远、肺活量、台阶试验、握力(男)、坐位体前屈(女)测试,测试后将测试数据导入高校体育管理软件,按照国家教育部和体育总局学生体质健康标准,整理分析哈尔滨体育学院各年级的学生体质健康状况,发现学生体质健康测试及格率高;学生肺活量指标较好;男生存在超重、肥胖,女生存在低体重比例较高的问题;本文主要根据存在的问题.分析查找原因,提出解决问题的对策,以期为进一步提高哈尔滨体育学院学生体质健康水平提供理论依据。 相似文献
66.
通过对18名单纯性肥胖青少年及18名同质非肥胖青少年血压、经颅多普勒脑血流动力学指标进行检测 和对比,结果表明:肥胖青少年的血压明显高于正常体重者;脑血流动力学指标下降,但其脑血管弹性仍然正常。 相似文献
67.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether child maltreatment is associated with obesity in preschool children. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a birth cohort study of 4898 children born between 1998 and 2000 in 20 large US cities. At 3 years of age, 2412 of these children had their height and weight measured, and mothers answered items on the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales about three types of child maltreatment--neglect, corporal punishment, and psychological aggression. The frequency of each type of maltreatment behavior in the prior year was analyzed using categories--ever/never for neglect and quintiles for the other two types of maltreatment. Child obesity was defined as measured body mass index (kg/m(2)) > or =95th percentile. RESULTS: Eighteen percent of the children were obese, and the prevalence of any episode of neglect, corporal punishment, and psychological aggression was 11%, 84%, and 93%, respectively. The odds of obesity were increased in children who had experienced neglect (odds ratio 1.56, 95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.14), after controlling for the income and number of children in the household, the mothers' race/ethnicity, education, marital status, body mass index, prenatal smoking, and age, and the children's sex and birth weight. Neither the frequency of corporal punishment nor psychological aggression was associated with an increased risk of obesity. CONCLUSIONS: In a sample of preschool children from 20 large US cities, maternal self-report of neglectful behavior was associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity, after controlling for birth weight, maternal obesity, and multiple socioeconomic factors. 相似文献
68.
Kimberly L. Oliver 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(2):143-164
The purpose of this paper is to highlight how I use images from teen magazines to engage girls in critical inquiry about the body. This process is about co-constructing bodily knowledge and reflecting critically on this knowledge. The analysis is broken into three main parts: (a) tapping girls' interests; (b) helping girls name how they experience their bodies; and (c) using images to critique dominant stories of the body. Within each of these sections, I will foreground the process by looking at the curricular tasks as well as the verbal engagement through which the girls and I negotiated the tasks together. The data are used to illustrate the pedagogical possibilities of engaging girls in critical inquiry on body. I conclude the paper by discussing the pedagogical possibilities for studying the body with adolescent girls that emerged and reflect critically on the struggles involved in the process of engaging girls in critical inquiry. 相似文献
69.
Akilah R. Carter-Francique 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(5):553-570
The purpose of this paper was to recognize factors that contribute to Black female college students adoption of physically active behaviors. In addition, this paper acknowledges the prevalence of obesity in the United States for Black women, and examines the relationship between body mass index, physical activity and use of campus recreation facilities and programs. The study is approached from an intersectionality lens, utilizing a quantitative and qualitative questionnaire to capture and analyze the perceptions and voice of Black female undergraduate students (n=49) attending a predominantly White institution in the southeast United States. Recognizing the intersectionality of race, gender and class, employing the theoretical frame of Black feminist thought was appropriate to capture the ‘multiple jeopardies’ in their daily experiences. The findings revealed 75.5% of the participants were in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for physical activity; however, 77.1% utilize the campus recreation facility fewer than two days per week. Moreover, the findings suggest the sociocultural environment as the most influential factor on Black female collegiate students’ relationship with physical activity, obesity awareness and campus recreation facility usage. 相似文献
70.
目的:了解江苏省成年人肥胖与高血压的关系及分布变化趋势,为肥胖与高血压的防治工作提供科学依据。方法:利用3次国民体质调查资料,分析高血压与肥胖的分布及关系;并建立江苏省国民体质监测GIS数据库,采用空间局部内插分析方法构建江苏省成年人高血压与肥胖空间分布的数字高程模型。结果:共调查85 371人,男性高血压患病率为21.4%,高于女性的14.1%(P<0.01)。农村成年人发生高血压的比例为21.5%,高于城镇的15.7%(P<0.01);高血压患病率随着年龄和体重指数的增加而上升(P<0.01)。肥胖是导致高血压的危险因素,且年龄越小,肥胖致高血压的风险越高。成年人肥胖导致高血压总的OR值为2.66(P<0.01),其中女性为2.42(P<0.01),男性为2.69(P<0.01)。高血压的空间分布图显示,2000年成年人高血压的高发地区主要聚集与江苏北部,在江苏南部同时存在着高血压患病率相对较高的区域。在随后的10年间,北部的高发区域已经逐步蔓延到江苏中部地区,而江苏南部高血压人群的范围虽然没有明显扩大,但是高血压患病率却有明显上升。肥胖的空间分布图显示,2000年江苏省成年人肥胖高发区域主要集中在北部地区,从北部向南部肥胖率逐渐下降,从西部向东部肥胖率也呈现下降趋势。但在随后的10年间,北部与中部两个高发区域范围进一步扩大,而且,有逐渐融合的趋势。结论:江苏省成年人肥胖与高血压的患病率存在空间分布差异,且两者的高发区域都在逐渐扩大,提示肥胖与高血压的防控形势不容乐观。 相似文献