On the theory and measurement of reading comprehension     

James M. Royer  Donald J. Cunningham 《Contemporary educational psychology》1981,6(3):187-216

This paper suggests that reading comprehension must involve an interaction between the reader's world knowledge and the incoming linguistic message. We call this the minimal comprehension principle. After examining the measurement of reading comprehension from the perspective of the minimal comprehension principle, we conclude that most existing tests of reading comprehension are likely to be unsatisfactory for the purposes of assessing educational gain and diagnosing reading difficulty. We suggest several techniques which might be more suitable for these purposes.  相似文献   

人类分层传播模式的构建     

莫永华  寇冬泉  胡华进  郑小军 《高教论坛》2006,(1):21-24

网络时代,教育传播模式如何反映教育信息传播过程中媒体技术与学习理论的新发展?把机械传播模式理论移植到人类传播模式,向来是行之有效的途径。第一代理论移植以香农-韦弗模式为基础,促进了当时传播理论的发展。在网络时代,我们借鉴网络技术的基本理论OSI七层参考模型,结合当代认知心理学理论,创新性地构建了人类分层传播模式,该模式较好地反映了教育信息传播过程中媒体技术与学习理论的新发展。  相似文献   

Developmental effects of child abuse: A review     

Paul A. Toro M.A. 《Child abuse & neglect》1982,6(4):423-431

Most research investigating the effects of physical child abuse on children's development has been based on uncontrolled or poorly controlled studies having small samples, no long-term follow-up, and weak instrumentation. These studies, as well as some which have been more carefully designed, have generally suggested seriously detrimental developmental consequences in physical, intellectual, behavioral, and emotional areas. Some recent controlled follow-up studies challenge such a negative picture of abuse. In particular, a study by Elmer, which is probably the most carefully conducted study yet done, found that the harmful effects of abuse dissipated years after the abusive incident and that socioeconomic status (SES) and related factors may be more important than abuse in determining the course of child development. To improve the quality and clarity of future research on developmental effects of child abuse, this paper discusses, in four major areas, problems which plague the research. Definition: The extent, type, and frequency of abuse should be more carefully defined to allow studies to be compared. The types and amounts of social service interventions should also be specified. Generalization: Research should include more middle and upper SES children, more of the mildly and moderately abused, and more neglected children to allow generalization to the total population of maltreated children. Causality: Since developmental deficits may be the cause as well as the effects of abuse and because outside factors such as SES may lead to both the abuse and the deficits, there is a need for large-scale longitudinal studies which can untangle the cause and effect web of abuse by following children from birth and measuring many factors which might affect development (e.g., SES, birth abnormalities, abuse). Statistical Analysis: Future studies should always use statistical analysis and should obtain larger samples and utilize outcome and classification measures with demonstrated reliability and validity to increase statistical power.  相似文献   

论智力的发展和遗传与环境的关系     

Chen Yuanyang 《湘南学院学报》1997,(2)

智力心理是脑的机能。在人类,言语的形成使第二信号系统逐步完善,导致人脑机能超过剩,与动物脑相比出现了质的差异。遗传决定的是种的共同特点,保证人类或动物种智力水平的质;环境影响智力,是在遗传基础上决定智力量的实现。教育作为特殊环境,对智力发展有促进作用。  相似文献   

心理压力的来源与应对     

郑丽  丰铁梅  王德明 《鞍山师范学院学报》2007,9(2):92-94

心理压力是个体对威胁情形的反应,是个人内心独特的体验.本文探讨了心理压力的来源、表现形式及其应对途径和策略.正确认识心理压力,才能保持良好的身心状态,提高生活质量.  相似文献   

Cooperative dyads: Impact on text learning and transfer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Barbara A. McDonald  Celia O. Larson  Donald F. Dansereau  Joni E. Spurlin 《Contemporary educational psychology》1985,10(4):369-377

  相似文献   

对贵州少数民族学生素质教育的思考     

陈新宇  杨卫星 《毕节学院学报》2006,24(1):48-51

如何对贵州少数民族地区学生实施素质教育,使他们成为综合型人才,是值得认真深入思考的问题。这集中体现为三个方面:一是问题本身的紧迫性;二是必须明确心理素质和素质教育的关系;三须强化少数民族地区学生心理素质的培养。  相似文献   

大学生体育心理浅析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龙芬 《湖南科技学院学报》2006,27(1):271-272

通过对高校学生的体育心理的调查,深入探讨了现阶段大学生不同阶段的体育心理的特征,详细分析论述了其和体育教学之间的关系,并提出了几项可行性的措施,可作为深化体育教学改革的有益补充.  相似文献   

试论足球控球队员观察能力的培养     

张杰 《宜宾学院学报》2005,5(6):115-117

本文运用心事学和哲学原理,结合训练、比赛实践对足球控球队员观察能力的培养进行理论研究,提出了观察的条件、观察能力的内容以及训练的方法,为提高我国足球运动水平提供参考。  相似文献   

从逻辑学到心理学——归纳推理的心理学意义初探     

周丽洁  蒋柯 《贵州教育学院学报》2008,24(8)

逻辑学对归纳推理的理论阐述有诸多困难,如逻辑学对归纳推理的理论界定本身就包含着矛盾、逻辑学也没有在归纳推理和类比推理之间作出区分、逻辑学希望为归纳推理制定规则的努力也被证明是行不通的等。而心理学对归纳推理的研究则采取了和逻辑学的研究不同的策略,如心理学对归纳推理作了精确的定义、心理学描述归纳推理的内在心理规律而不是制定规则、心理学也在努力建立归纳推理的理论模型等。  相似文献