Dynamic resistance exercise increases skeletal muscle-derived FSTL1 inducing cardiac angiogenesis via DIP2A–Smad2/3 in rats following myocardial infarction     

Yue Xi  Meili Hao  Qiaoqin Liang  Yongxia Li  Da-Wei Gong  Zhenjun Tian 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(5):594

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential of dynamic resistance exercise to generate skeletal muscle-derived follistatin like-1 (FSTL1), which may induce cardioprotection in rats following myocardial infarction (MI) by inducing angiogenesis.MethodsMale, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 12 in each group): sham group (S), sedentary MI group (MI), MI + resistance exercise group (MR), MI + adeno-associated virus (AAV)–FSTL1 injection group (MA), and MI + AAV–FSTL1 injection + resistance exercise group (MAR). The AAV–FSTL1 vector was prepared by molecular biology methods and injected into the anterior tibialis muscle. The MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Rats in the MR and MAR groups underwent 4 weeks of dynamic resistance exercise training using a weighted climbing-up ladder. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamic measures. Collagen volume fraction of myocardium was observed and analyzed by Masson''s staining. Human umbilical vein vessel endothelial cells culture and recombinant human FSTL1 protein or transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TGFβR1) inhibitor treatment were used to elucidate the molecular signaling mechanism of FSTL1. Angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and disco interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A) location were observed by immunofluorescence staining. The expression of FSTL1, DIP2A, and the activation of signaling pathways were detected by Western blotting. Angiogenesis of endothelial cells was observed by tubule experiment. One-way analysis of variance and Student''s t test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsResistance exercise stimulated the secretion of skeletal muscle FSTL1, which promoted myocardial angiogenesis, inhibited pathological remodeling, and protected cardiac function in MI rats. Exercise facilitated skeletal muscle FSTL1 to play a role in protecting the heart. Exogenous FSTL1 promoted the human umbilical vein vessel endothelial cells proliferation and up-regulated the expression of DIP2A, while TGFβR1 inhibitor intervention down-regulated the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A, which was not conducive to angiogenesis. FSTL1 bound to the receptor, DIP2A, to regulate angiogenesis mainly through the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. FSTL1–DIP2A directly activated Smad2/3 and was not affected by TGFβR1.ConclusionDynamic resistance exercise stimulates the expression of skeletal muscle-derived FSTL1, which could supplement the insufficiency of cardiac FSTL1 and promote cardiac rehabilitation through the DIP2A–Smad2/3 signaling pathway in MI rats.  相似文献   

抗阻力运动对大鼠股四头肌PI3K和Akt基因表达的影响     

罗凯  王植元  张迪迪  刘晨涛 《福建体育科技》2013,(4):31-33

  相似文献   

中国物理学会的成立及其抗战前的主要活动     

秦国攀 《巢湖学院学报》2009,(2)

我国现代物理学的发展起步较晚,因此现代意义上的专门化物理学会在中国的成立具有重要的意义,是我国物理学发展具有里程碑式的事件.清末民初中国出现了向西方学习的热潮,一批留学欧美和日本的留学生在上个世纪二三十年代陆续学成归国,他们把物理学的种子带了回来,并生根发芽结果,物理学人的专门化组织--中国物理学会经过李书华、叶企孙、吴有训等物理学前辈的努力终于在1932年8月于清华大学成立.中国物理学会的成立促进了我国物理学研究和教学事业发展,在抗日战争前取得了令人可喜的成绩.  相似文献   

武汉抗战期间募捐特点     

周俊利 《聊城师范学院学报》2009,(5):48-52

1937年12月,南京沦陷。尽管当时已经宣布重庆为陪都,但是,包括财政部、内政部、外交部在内重要的、关键的政府职能部门以及国民党中央党部、国民政府军事委员会等正面战场最高决策指挥机构,都直接迁往武汉办公,武汉成为实际上的首都;与此同时,分布在战区的商界、文化界等各种社会团体也纷纷聚集武汉,他们与武汉民众一起开展了义薄云天的救亡运动,武汉成为全国抗战的中心。在国民政府、湖北省地方政府和各种社会团体的共同参与下,武汉的募捐活动呈现出新的特点,这主要表现在征募的组织性、动员宣传的规模性、群众参与的广泛性和募捐运动的多样性。这一时期的募捐运动为以后国统区开展募捐运动提供了宝贵的经验借鉴,也揭开了此后以重庆为中心整个国统区大规模募捐运动的序幕。  相似文献   

Resultant muscle torque and electromyographic activity during high intensity elastic resistance and free weight exercises     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(2):155-163

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare Resultant Muscle Torque (RMT) and muscle activation (EMG) pattern, during resistance exercise comprising eight repetitions maximum (8 RM) biceps curl with elastic resistance and free weight exercise. Sixteen male and female recreationally active subjects completed 8 RM biceps curl by each of three modalities of resistance exercise: (i) dumbbell (DB), (ii) elastic tubing with original un-stretched length at the commencement of contraction (E0), and (iii) elastic tubing with 30% decrement of original length (E30) at the commencement of contraction. The magnitude of muscle activation, external force, acceleration as well as range of motion (ROM) were quantified and synchronised by specific software. The data were collected from all eight repetitions but the first (initial), the fifth (middle) and the eighth (last) repetitions were selected for further data analysis. Each selected repetition was partitioned into a concentric and eccentric phase and then each phase was further divided into three equal segments (3 concentric and 3 eccentric = 6 segments per repetition). The EMG and RMT data demonstrated a bell-shaped muscle activation and muscle torque production pattern for the three modes of exercise. The E30 resulted in 15.40% and 14.89% higher total EMG (µV) as well as 36.85% and 17.71% higher RMT (N · m) than E0 and DB, respectively (all P <0.05). These findings support the contention that an elastic resistance device (E30) has the capacity to provide an appropriate high resistance stimulus to meet the training requirement of elite athletes.  相似文献   

Contraction force specificity and its relationship to functional performance     

Nigel Harris  John Cronin  Justin Keogh 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(2):201-212

Abstract

Best practice for improving strength and power through resistance strength training has been the subject of much research and subsequent conjecture. Much of the conjecture can be attributed to methodological discrepancies. The type of dynamometry used in testing, the training experience of research participants, the specific technique employed in a lift, and the methods of collection and calculation all impact on the final variables of interest. This review examines contraction force specificity by first addressing the methodological issues surrounding our interpretation of the results. Then we address the kinematics and kinetics associated with single and multiple repetitions in relation to the development of strength, power, and functional performance. This discussion provides the delimitations for analysis of subsequent training studies. Finally, recommendations are formulated with the aim of assisting assessment and training practice as well as providing directions for future research. The results of this review suggest that the enhancements in performance resulting from resistance training are context specific in experienced resistance-trained participants. Thus, specific conditioning could be required to achieve improvements in functional performance in this group.  相似文献   

The effects of eccentric phase duration on concentric outcomes in the back squat and bench press in well-trained males     

Joseph P. Carzoli  Colby A. Sousa  Daniel J. Belcher  Eric R. Helms  Andy V. Khamoui  Michael Whitehurst 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(23):2676-2684

ABSTRACT

The velocity and magnitude in which the eccentric phase of an exercise is completed directly affects performance during the concentric phase. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of eccentric phase duration on concentric outcomes at 60% and 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the squat and bench press. Sixteen college-aged, resistance-trained males completed 1RM testing, established normative eccentric durations, and performed fast (0.75 times normative) and slow (2.0 times normative) metronome-controlled eccentric duration repetitions. Outcome measures assessed during the concentric phase were: average concentric velocity (ACV), peak concentric velocity (PCV), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), range of motion (ROM), and barbell path. Eccentric duration was significantly and inversely correlated with ACV at 60% (r = ?0.408, p = 0.004) and 80% (r = ?0.477, p = 0.001) of 1RM squat. At 60% of 1RM squat, both fast and slow eccentric conditions produced greater (p < 0.001) PCV than normative duration with fast also producing greater PCV than slow (p = 0.044). Eccentric duration had no impact on RPE, ROM, or barbell path. Our results report for the first time that resistance-trained males performing a deliberately faster eccentric phase may enhance their own squat and bench press performance.  相似文献   

Effect of loading on peak power of the bar,body, and system during power cleans,squats, and jump squats     

Jeffrey M. McBride  Tracie L. Haines  Tyler J. Kirby 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1215-1221

Abstract

Nine males (age 24.7 ± 2.1 years, height 175.3 ± 5.5 cm, body mass 80.8 ± 7.2 kg, power clean 1-RM 97.1 ± 6.36 kg, squat 1-RM = 138.3 ± 20.9 kg) participated in this study. On day 1, the participants performed a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in the power clean and the squat. On days 2, 3, and 4, participants performed the power clean, squat or jump squat. Loading for the power clean ranged from 30% to 90% of the participant's power clean 1-RM and loading for the squat and jump squat ranged from 0% to 90% of the participant's squat 1-RM, all at 10% increments. Peak force, velocity, and power were calculated for the bar, body, and system (bar + body) for all power clean, squat, and jump squat trials. Results indicate that peak power for the bar, body, and system is differentially affected by load and movement pattern. When using the power clean, squat or jump squat for training, the optimal load in each exercise may vary. Throwing athletes or weightlifters may be most concerned with bar power, but jumpers or sprinters may be more concerned with body or system power. Thus, the exercise type and load vary according to the desired stimulus.  相似文献   

Making a career in PESP in the corporatized university: reflections on hegemony,resistance, collegiality and scholarship     

David Kirk 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(3):320-332

This lecture considers how it might be possible to make a career as a university scholar at a time when the university is becoming increasingly corporatised. Consistent with the intent of the Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (PESP) Special Interest Group (SIG) Scholar Lecture, I draw on personal experiences from my own career as a university teacher, researcher, teacher educator and leader to consider the extent to which the hegemony of corporatisation might be challenged and subverted, the kinds of resistance that can and should take place, and the central importance of collegiality and scholarship to the sustainability of the university as an institution of higher learning. I will consider more specifically what it means to develop a career as a scholar in a practical and marginalised field such as PESP, and the possibilities that exist to secure the future of the field of research and praxis.  相似文献   

论抗战时期张闻天对三民主义的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋进 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,39(2):23-28,34

孙中山的三民主义,在抗战时期成为以国共合作为基础的抗日民族统一战线的政治基础。然而,即使在国民党一大孙中山重新解释的新三民主义中,也还包含有旧三民主义的内容,从而形成新旧内容杂陈、进步交保守并存的现象。这就给他身后的解释者们以各择所需、各唱各调的可能性。毛泽东号召共产党员应该如像他们研究共产主义一样,好好研究三民主义。张闻天关于三民主义发展性、真假三民主义等的研究,是抗战时期思想理论战线和抗日救亡的迫切需要,其研究成果,对以毛泽东为代表的中国共产党人在抗战时期形成关于孙中山三民主义的认识体系做出了重要的贡献。  相似文献