In-season changes in ventricular morphology and systolic function in adolescent female athletes     

Andrew M. Watson  Carol Coutinho  Kristin Haraldsdottir  Stacey Brickson  Warren Dunn  Marlowe Eldridge 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(4):534-540

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of physical maturity on the changes in ventricular morphology and function with sport training in female youth athletes.

Methods: Thirty-two female athletes (age 13–18 years) underwent height and weight measurement and 2-D echocardiographic evaluation immediately prior to, and following, a 20-week soccer season. Pre- and post-season left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (LVSV), mass (LVM), and posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVEDD), end-diastolic area (RVEDA), and fractional area change (RVFAC), and interventricular septal thickness (IVST) were compared. In-season change in each variable was compared across pre-season hours of vigorous physical activity (0–1, 2–3, >3 hours).

Results: Significant increases were identified in LVEDV (51.3?±?10.4?v 56.4?±?9.6?ml/m², p?=?0.001) and RVEDA (10.5?±?1.9?v 11.3?±?2.5?cm²/m², p?=?0.040), but not LVEDD, LVM, LVPWT, LVSV, RVEDD, RVEDA, RVFAC, or IVST (p?>?0.05 for all). In-season changes in echocardiographic variables did not differ across hours of pre-season vigorous physical activity (p?>?0.05 for all).

Conclusion: Among female adolescent soccer players, in-season training elicits changes in resting ventricular volume, but not wall thickness or systolic function. These adaptations do not appear to be influenced by pre-season physical activity level.  相似文献   

Youth enterprise: the role of gender and life stage in motivations,aspirations and measures of success     

Rachel J. Wilde  Pauline Leonard 《Journal of Education & Work》2018,31(2):144-158

‘Enterprise’ has increasingly become part of the United Kingdom’s political grammar and efforts to develop entrepreneurial traits and activities in young people have been a key strand of this policy focus. As the 2008 economic recession saw a curtailed youth labour market, enterprise emerged as an appealing policy ‘solution’ to youth unemployment. Traditional measures of enterprise chart the numbers of new businesses and their survival rates. This article argues these measures tell us little about new business owners: who they are, their motivations, experiences or, own definitions of success. Further, and crucially, such measures ignore the structural constraints surrounding enterprise and the range of social factors that may determine the extent of ambition, and willingness or capacity to take risks. This article argues that although gender and life stage were contributing factors, the young people’s structurally disadvantaged positions emerge as the most significant feature of why the move into self-employment did not tend to increase their economic stability as promised. This provides an important insight into the real-life experiences of young people who are engaging in enterprise activities in the contemporary economic context, as well as the role of third sector organisations in overseeing the transition from education to work.  相似文献   

人类的社群意识与赛会情结——南京青奥会的意义追寻与价值之思     

夏成前 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,24(2):18-21

运用群体心理分析的方法,从人类的社群意识及本能出发,剖析人类社群意识的源头和热衷集会的缘由,探究南京青奥会的现实价值与教育意义,并提出践行青奥会多元价值的策略建议。  相似文献   

基于旅游效应模型的南京承办青奥会对南京市旅游效应的影响研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

殷飞 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,24(6):37-40

就南京承办青奥将对南京市旅游效应的影响进行了辩证的分析,认为其正效应集中体现在：（1）提供就业机会、改善就业,促进南京城市经济的发展;（2）环境方面,促进南京城市基础建设;（3）社会文化方面,提高南京城市的国际知名度。而承办青奥会也将会对南京产生相应的负面效应,主要包括：（1）经济方面：青奥会可能带来南京市土地房价上涨;南京青奥会可能会使南京市的商品物价和生活费用上涨。（2）环境方面：承办青奥会可能带来南京市举办青奥会期间的交通拥堵严重;承办青奥会期间,有可能造成各种垃圾增加,破坏生活环境。（3）社会文化方面：承办青奥会可能带来南京市民不安定感增加;承办青奥会可能打扰南京市民的日常生活。  相似文献   

情与理的不同彰显——《儿女英雄传》与《红楼梦》悲喜异态原因新探     

李志琴 《哈尔滨学院学报》2009,30(1):92-96

文章首先比较了《儿女英雄传》和《红楼梦》中所要彰显的“情”的不同含义。同时分析文康与曹雪芹对待“情”的不同态度。文康是将“人情”与“天理”时举,以“天理”规定“人情”,以“人情”彰显“天理”,人为地消弭了“情”与“理”之间的二元对立与矛盾冲突,并在“儿女”与“英雄”的完美结合中,走向喜剧的结局。而曹雪芹的思想则要复杂得多,简单地说,他是在“情”与“理”的对立中凸显了人生的悲剧,这也是造成两书悲喜异态的重要原因。  相似文献   

编辑家秦兆阳研究中若干问题探析     

李频 《陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,(4):155-163

秦兆阳是新中国第一代文学编辑家的杰出代表。主编《人民文学》时,他致中国作家协会党组书记邵荃麟的信是他1958年被划为"右派"的关键原因;主编《当代》时,他终审否决张炜的《九月寓言》郑重其事却又耐人追问;临终前,他郑重提出他那一代编辑家的主体价值及其重要理论困惑,这些均为秦兆阳研究中的关键节点。针对这些问题,我们认为应以"书和人和我"为核心展开对编辑家的结构化研究。  相似文献   

Childhood practice and play as determinants of adolescent intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among elite youth athletes     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(8):1120-1129

Abstract

The study empirically tested the postulate of the Developmental Model of Sport Participation (DMSP; Côté, J., Baker, J., & Abernethy, B. (2007). Practice and play in the development of sport expertise. In R. Eklund & G. Tenenbaum (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 184–202). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley) that diversified childhood self-led sport play will beneficially affect future, adolescent intrinsic motivation. Participants were 178 elite youth athletes (age 15.3?±?1.5 years) from several game and non-game sports; 117 were members of the federal state or national junior squad in their respective sport. A questionnaire measured current (adolescent) intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of the youth athletes using the Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier, L. G., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Tuson, K. M., Brière, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Towards a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The sport motivation scale (SMS). Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17, 35–53) and their earlier volume of childhood engagement (through 12 years) in coach-led practice and self-led play in their respective main sport and other sports. Analyses revealed that adolescent intrinsic motivation was not significantly correlated with earlier childhood self-led sport activities, self-led play in particular, or childhood sports diversification. Furthermore, considering all different types of childhood sport activities together in multiple regression analyses, they did not provide meaningful explanatory power regarding adolescent intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. In summary, the results did not provide support for the postulate of the DMSP among elite youth athletes. The findings suggest that future research may seek to enable more robust empirical substantiation of the DMSP postulate.  相似文献   

论青奥背景下的家庭体育教育     

吕艳玲  谭琳 《吉林体育学院学报》2013,29(1):48-50

2014年青奥将在南京举行,以此为社会背景,分析了家庭体育教育缺失的原因,阐述了青奥即将举行是发展家庭体育教育的机遇,提出了在青奥背景下发展家庭体育教育的措施。  相似文献   

Participation in sports in childhood and adolescence and physical activity in adulthood: A systematic review     

Mariana Biagi Batista  Catiana Leila Possamai Romanzini  Cynthia Correa Lopes Barbosa  Gabriela Blasquez Shigaki  Marcelo Romanzini  Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(19):2253-2262

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to verify the association between participation in sports (PS) in childhood and adolescence and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: Medline (PUBMED), Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus, LILACS and SciELO. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA FlowDiagram. After all the steps of the process, 29 articles were included for analysis. In general, only three of the studies analyzed found no relation between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood. However, a positive relationship was found to be weak in only 7% of the studies, a moderate relation in 62% of the studies, and a strong relation in 21%. It was found that higher weekly frequencies of PS; persistence of at least three years of PS and, finally, the highest level of practice and/or competition reached were related to higher levels of PA in adulthood. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive association considered moderate to strong between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood.  相似文献   

青少年体育生活方式状况的调查研究     

赵立霞 《搏击·武术科学》2013,(10):100-102

文章采用问卷调查法和实地访谈法,对我国青少年体育生活方式状况进行调查。青少年体育生活方式可以从功能认知、态度展示、技能准备、环境建设和行为实践等方面进行分析。研究发现：青少年对体育功能认知较为清晰,喜欢参加体育运动,基本上能够掌握一项以上的运动技能,在家庭、社区和学校等青少年体育环境方面,尚存在一些欠缺,青少年参加体育锻炼的比例较高,但尚未达到每天一小时的标准。  相似文献