武汉市成年人超重、肥胖人群心肺功能特征分析     

王雅欣 《湖北体育科技》2012,31(5):566-568

了解武汉市成年人超重、肥胖人群心肺功能特征。以2010年武汉市国民体质监测数据为基础,通过计算BMI进行分组,分析20-59岁成年人超重、肥胖人群血压、肺活量及台阶指数特征。结论：1）超重或肥胖组人群的平均血压水平明显高于体重正常组人群,体重与血压具有明显的相关性,超重和肥胖人群高血压检出率明显高于体重正常人群。2）超重或肥胖组人群肺活量/体重指数明显低于体重正常组人群,肺活量/体重指数与体重呈显著性相关,但肺活量与体重无明显的相关性。3）台阶指数与体重并无明显的相关性,与年龄具有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

运动后收缩压恢复与单纯性肥胖(超重)的关系     

陈磊  施曼莉 《体育学刊》2012,(4):134-139

分析运动后收缩压恢复(PSBPR)与单纯性肥胖(超重)的关系,探索PSBPR延迟作为肥胖(超重)患者新的调控标志物的可行性。将169名志愿者按照身体质量指数(BMI)分为肥胖(超重)组(BMI≥24 kg/m2,n=91名)和正常体重组(18 kg/m2≤BMI<24 kg/m2,n=78名)。所有受试者均进行一次递增负荷功率车实验,分别测定运动前安静时、运动中以及运动后恢复期的收缩压,以运动后第3分钟的收缩压与运动后第1分钟收缩压的比值(第3分钟收缩压恢复比,rSBPR)超过1.0作为PSBPR延迟的指标。比较两组rSBPR和PSBPR延迟发生率的差别并分析肥胖指数(体脂百分比、身体质量指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、腰臀比(WHR)、腰围身高比(WSR))与rSBPR的相关性。结果:肥胖(超重)组rSBPR(男:0.97±0.03;女:0.95±0.05)高于正常体重组(男:0.79±0.02;女:0.80±0.04)(均为P<0.01);肥胖(超重)组PSBPR延迟发生率(男:16.0%;女:23.4%)显著高于正常体重组(男:2.7%;女:4.3%)(均为P<0.01);肥胖(超重)的男性和女性发生PSBPR延迟的危险性分别是正常体重者的8.0倍和4.6倍。相关分析显示,肥胖(超重)组男性体脂百分数、BMI与rSBPR相关系数分别为0.381(P<0.01)和0.316(P<0.01),肥胖(超重)组女性WSR与rSBPR相关系数为0.402(P<0.01),正常体重组男性体脂百分数、BMI与rSBPR相关系数分别为0.436(P<0.01)和0.310(P<0.01)。结果表明:PSBPR延迟可能是肥胖(超重)患者可调控的心血管危险因素  相似文献   

儿童减肥运动处方的实践研究     

张丽蓉  高庆琦 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(6):32-34

根据运动处方的原理对33名肥胖儿童开具减肥运动处方并进行实验研究,研究结果表明通过针对肥胖儿个体开具减肥运动处方,按照处方进行锻炼对控制肥胖儿童的体重有显著性效果,并可以显著地提高肥胖儿童的身体素质。  相似文献   

运动对腹部脂肪积累及肥胖基因表达的影响   总被引：31，自引：4，他引：27  

何玉秀  白文忠  姚玉霞  丛斌 《体育科学》1998,18(4):69-72

复制了系统游泳运动减少腹部脂肪积累的大鼠模型;用Northern印记杂交测定了训练大鼠及对照大鼠ob mRNA表达量;并对运动减肥的分子生物学机制进行初步探讨。研究结果表明系统游泳运动减少腹部脂肪积累与运动所致的ob mRNA表达水平增高密切相关。  相似文献   

运动锻炼影响体脂代谢的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨长山  田勇强 《体育科学研究》1999,3(2):42-46

体育锻炼是减少体脂含量和提高运动性能的一种有效方法。本文就运动锻炼影响体脂代谢的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

A preliminary evaluation of the associations among functional performance tasks and quality of life in obese and healthy weight youth     

Matthew S. Briggs  Sharon Bout-Tabaku  Jackie Buell  Susan White  Patricia F. Rosenstein 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(1):20-28

The associations among lower extremity functional performance and quality of life in obese youth are unknown. The aims of this study were to compare lower extremity strength, lower extremity functional performance, and health related quality of life between obese and healthy-weight youth and evaluate the relationships between lower extremity performance and health related quality of life in obese youth. Twenty obese and 20 age and sex matched healthy-weight youth were recruited. Peak torque of the major lower extremity muscles were measured. Functional performance was measured with single leg hop and single leg balance tests. The Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire's physical and psychosocial health subscales were used. Paired t-tests and multiple regression analyses were performed. Obese youth demonstrated decreased peak torque in all muscles measured (P < 0.05), poorer functional performance (P < 0.05), and worse physical health related quality of life (P < 0.05) compared to healthy-weight youth. Lower extremity functional performance was associated with aspects of quality of life in the obese group (P = 0.002), but not in the healthy-weight group (P < 0.05). These results may assist in encouraging best practices in the promotion of exercise, physical activity, and quality of life in obese youth.  相似文献   

Effect of body composition on redox homeostasis at rest and in response to exercise: The case of underfat women     

Nikos V. Margaritelis  Anastasios A. Theodorou  Antonios Kyparos  Michalis G. Nikolaidis  Vassilis Paschalis 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(14):1630-1637

Underfat individuals have been neglected as a malnourished population in terms of redox homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of body composition on redox homeostasis at rest and in response to exercise. Underfat, lean and overfat women, classified according to their BMI and body fat percentage, participated in the study and were subjected to an acute session of eccentric exercise. With regard to muscle function and damage, a significant group × time interaction was found for range of motion (P < .01), isometric peak torque at 90° (P < .01), delayed onset muscle soreness (P < .01) and creatine kinase (P < .05), with the lean group generally exhibiting faster recovery compared to the underfat and overfat groups. With regard to redox homeostasis, a significant group × time interaction was found for F₂-isoprostanes, protein carbonyls and glutathione (P < .01 for all biomarkers), with the underfat and overfat groups exhibiting increased resting oxidative stress levels and lower exercise-induced reactive species production . In conclusively, our data underline the importance of normal body composition for redox homeostasis, since underfat and overfat women demonstrate a similar pattern of redox disturbances both at rest and in response to exercise.  相似文献   

Accelerometer and self-reported measures of sedentary behaviour and associations with adiposity in UK youth     

Robert J. Noonan  Danielle Christian  Lynne M. Boddy  Pedro F. Saint-Maurice  Gregory J. Welk  Paul R. Hibbing 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1919-1925

This study used accelerometer and self-report measures of overall sedentary time (ST) and screen time behaviours to examine their respective associations with adiposity among UK youth. Participants (Year groups 5, 8, and 10; n=292, 148 girls) wore the SenseWear Armband Mini accelerometer for eight days and completed the Youth Activity Profile, an online report tool designed to estimate physical activity and ST.Stature, body mass and waist circumference were measured to classify adiposity outcomes (overweight/obese and central obesity). One-way between groups ANOVA and adjusted linear, logistic and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted. There was a significant main effect of age on total ST across the whole week (F(2, 289)=41.64, p≤0.001). ST increased monotonically across Year 5 (581.09±107.81 min·dˉ¹), 8 (671.96±112.59 min·dˉ¹) and 10 (725.80±115.20 min·dˉ¹), and all pairwise comparisons were significant at p≤0.001. A steep age-related gradient to mobile phone use was present (p≤0.001). ST was positively associated with adiposity outcomes independent of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA; p≤0.001). Engaging in >3 hours of video gaming daily was positively associated with central obesity (OR=2.12, p≤0.05) but not after adjustment for MVPA. Results further demonstrate the importance of reducing overall ST to maintain healthy weight status among UK youth.  相似文献   

Acute coordinative exercise ameliorates general and food-cue related cognitive function in obese adolescents     

Ligong Zhang  Chien-Heng Chu  Jen-Hao Liu  Feng-Tzu Chen  Jui-Ti Nien 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(8):953-960

ABSTRACT

Whether the acute coordinative exercise could affect the inhibitory control and food-cue related attention in obese adolescents remains understudied. Therefore, this study used the Stroop test and the food-cue related Stroop test to explore the impacts of 20 min of acute coordinative exercise on the cognitive tests involving inhibitory control and attentional bias towards food-cue related stimuli, respectively, in obese adolescents. Thirty-eight obese adolescents (mean age = 14.63 ± 0.69 years) were equally divided into exercise and control groups. The cognitive tests (i.e., the Stroop test and the food-cue related Stroop test) and hunger scores were conducted and assessed before and after an intervention. The exercise group had significantly larger negative pre-post response time difference in the congruent (?1.04 ± 0.29 ms) and incongruent (?5.76 ± 1.66 ms) conditions of the Stroop test than the control group (ps < 0.01), and a smaller post-interference (1.13 ± 0.14) than the pre-interference (1.31 ± 0.14, p = 0.04). Moreover, a significantly larger negative pre-post response time difference on the food-cue related Stroop test was observed in the exercise group (?4.42 ± 7.20 ms) than the control group (1.76 ± 8.37 ms, p = 0.02). Collectively, an acute coordinative exercise session could induce superior inhibitory control and less attentional bias towards food-cue related stimuli in obese adolescents.  相似文献   

我国中小学生超重、肥胖检出率变化趋势的拓扑学特征     

汪志胜  郑滔  刘承宜 《体育学刊》2020,(1):139-144

引入韦伯-费希纳定律、时间自相似和Sigma算法对2010和2014两年全国7~18岁学生超重、肥胖检出率的调研数据进行再分析。结果发现:(1)从2010到2014年,我国7~18岁学生超重、肥胖检出率在性别上无拓扑差异,即中小学男女生的超重、肥胖检出率均呈自限性过程;(2)从2010到2014年,我国7~18岁学生超重、肥胖检出率在城乡上有拓扑差异,主要表现为乡村好于城市;(3)从2010到2014年,我国7~18岁学生超重、肥胖检出率在时间上产生了拓扑相变,主要表现为城市男生的超重检出率和城市女生的超重、肥胖检出率均呈上升趋势,而城市男生和乡村男女生的肥胖检出率均维持不变。结果表明当前我国城乡中小学生群体中只有城市女生肥胖检出率呈持续上升趋势。  相似文献