A national sports institute as a learning culture     

Jessica Lee  Nathan Price 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2016,21(1):10-23

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How does visual manipulation affect obstacle avoidance strategies used by athletes?     

M. P. Bijman  J. J. Fisher 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):915-922

Research examining our ability to avoid obstacles in our path has stressed the importance of visual input. The aim of this study was to determine if athletes playing varsity-level field sports, who rely on visual input to guide motor behaviour, are more able to guide their foot over obstacles compared to recreational individuals. While wearing kinematic markers, eight varsity athletes and eight age-matched controls (aged 18–25) walked along a walkway and stepped over stationary obstacles (180° motion arc). Visual input was manipulated using PLATO visual goggles three or two steps pre-obstacle crossing and compared to trials where vision was given throughout. A main effect between groups for peak trail toe elevation was shown with greater values generated by the controls for all crossing conditions during full vision trials only. This may be interpreted as athletes not perceiving this obstacle as an increased threat to their postural stability. Collectively, findings suggest the athletic group is able to transfer their abilities to non-specific conditions during full vision trials; however, varsity-level athletes were equally reliant on visual cues for these visually guided stepping tasks as their performance was similar to the controls when vision is removed.  相似文献   

Quality of life perception of basketball master athletes: association with physical activity level and sports injuries     

Natália Boneti Moreira  Oldemar Mazzardo  Gislaine Cristina Vagetti  Valdomiro De Oliveira  Wagner De Campos 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):988-996

This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03–1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51–2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08–5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26–2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41–2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35–5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06–1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90–2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14–3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains.  相似文献   

The key to success in elite athletes? Explicit and implicit motor learning in youth elite and non-elite soccer players     

L. Verburgh  E. J. A. Scherder  P. A. M. van Lange  J. Oosterlaan 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1782-1790

In sports, fast and accurate execution of movements is required. It has been shown that implicitly learned movements might be less vulnerable than explicitly learned movements to stressful and fast changing circumstances that exist at the elite sports level. The present study provides insight in explicit and implicit motor learning in youth soccer players with different expertise levels. Twenty-seven youth elite soccer players and 25 non-elite soccer players (aged 10–12) performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT). In the SRTT, one of the sequences must be learned explicitly, the other was implicitly learned. No main effect of group was found for implicit and explicit learning on mean reaction time (MRT) and accuracy. However, for MRT, an interaction was found between learning condition, learning phase and group. Analyses showed no group effects for the explicit learning condition, but youth elite soccer players showed better learning in the implicit learning condition. In particular, during implicit motor learning youth elite soccer showed faster MRTs in the early learning phase and earlier reached asymptote performance in terms of MRT. Present findings may be important for sports because children with superior implicit learning abilities in early learning phases may be able to learn more (durable) motor skills in a shorter time period as compared to other children.  相似文献   

运动员感恩的价值及其培养策略分析     

董良山  王斌  叶绿  卜姝 《湖北体育科技》2016,(8):734-737

运动员感恩教育是指运动队的管理者或者教练员根据运动员的个性特点,在训练和比赛的过程中运用一定的方法和手段,创造一定的感恩氛围,激发和引导运动员对知恩、感恩、报恩、施恩的价值认同,并付诸实践的道德教育过程。运动员感恩的价值主要体现在增加运动员的心理应对资源;促进运动员行为的积极变化;建立和维持运动员的人际关系网络。对运动员进行感恩教育的培养策略可以从以下3个方面进行:营造良好的感恩教育环境;创新感恩教育的方式、方法;提升感恩认知和行为。  相似文献   

中国皮划艇国家二队功能动作筛查的应用研究     

李琴  高潼阳  贾昊哲  孔运峰  余银 《湖北体育科技》2016,(11):997-1000

运用文献资料法、测试法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法对国家皮划艇青年队进行功能动作筛查测试,根据测试结果为备战2020年奥运会提供数据及理论的支持。通过研究发现:划艇运动员的总分情况整体优于皮艇运动员;大部分运动员髋、膝、踝三关节在单一的运动平面中具有较好的协调和稳定性,但在两个以上的运动平面中完成动作的稳定和控制能力有待提高;运动员的髋关节、肩关节及股四头肌柔韧性存在不平衡现象,左侧链与右侧链在多运动平面中协调稳定性也存在不平衡现象;运动员的损伤率较高,且损伤的主要部位是肩和腰。  相似文献   

The Decline of the ‘Elite’ Sport Officials and the Dissolution of the Israeli Sport Association     

Udi Carmi 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(6-7):683-703

This historical study will examine the rise of a hegemonic group of sports officials in Israel during the period between 1948 and 1996. The formation of this group is a unique phenomenon of the Israeli sport society. The main argument of the study is that officials of rival sport centres, ‘Hapoel’ and ‘Maccabi’, founded a joint elite group as a side effect of the ‘fifty-fifty’ agreement, signed in 1951. The agreement stated that the Israeli Sport Association, the National Olympic Committee and the Israeli Football Association would be mutually led by officials of both organizations. The members of this elite group, who enjoyed access to economic resources and other benefits, adopted a hedonistic lifestyle, in contrast to the social ethos of Israeli society in the first and second decades of the State. Three events dismantled the group in the middle of the 1990s. The first one was the establishment of the Elite Sport Department in 1984. The second was the establishment of independent Federations by Yadin Machnes. The third was the Maliniak Commission Report. These three events led to the collapse of the Israeli Sport Association in 1996 and to the fall of the Israeli hegemonic group.  相似文献   

高等教育大众化质量问题浅探     

彭旭 《嘉应学院学报》2002,20(5):87-90

中国高等教育大众化的临近使得高等教育的质量问题日益成为人们关注的热点。本文主要从微观即学校内部的角度来分析影响高等教育质量的原因并从五个方面提出了解决办法。  相似文献   

简论儒墨学说的有机对接     

马海峰 《渭南师范学院学报》2011,(7):47-50

儒家与墨家在战国时期并称＂显学＂,两家在许多方面针锋相对。实际上,两家分属两种不同的价值体系,代表不同利益集团的利益,同时又互补互用,共同为社会发展服务。  相似文献   

韩国英才学校创新举措探析——以KAIST附属韩国科学英才学校为例     

朴钟鹤 《比较教育研究》2011,(5):74-78

成立于2003年的KAIST附属韩国科学英才学校,作为韩国首所科学英才学校,在8年的办学实践中,不断推陈出新,践行创新理念,走出了一条独具特色的办学之路。本文拟就KAIST附属韩国科学英才学校在办学、管理、招生、课程等方面的创新举措进行剖析,以期对我国基础教育改革有所启示。  相似文献