Unpredictable shoe midsole perturbations provide an instability stimulus to train ankle posture and motion during forward and lateral gym lunges     

Charlotte Apps  Mark Lake  Thomas D. O’Brien  Thorsten Sterzing 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(17):1951-1961

ABSTRACT

Unstable footwear may enhance training effects to the lower-limb musculature and sensorimotor system during dynamic gym movements. This study compared the instability of an unstable shoe with irregular midsole deformations (IM) and a control shoe (CS) during forward and lateral lunges. Seventeen female gym class participants completed two sets of ten forward and lateral lunges in CS and IM. Ground reaction forces, lower-limb kinematics and ankle muscle activations were recorded. Variables around initial ground contact, toe-off, descending and ascending lunge phases were compared statistically (p < .05). Responses to IM compared to CS were similar across lunge directions. The IM induced instability by increasing the vertical loading rate (p < .001, p = .009) and variability of frontal ankle motion during descending (p = .001, p < .001) and ascending phases (p = .150, p = .003), in forward and lateral lunges, respectively. At initial ground contact, ankle adjustments enhanced postural stability in IM. Across muscles, there were no activation increases, although results indicate peroneus longus activations increased in IM during the ascending phase. As expected, IM provided a more demanding training stimulus during lunge exercises and has potential to reduce ankle injuries by training ankle positioning for unpredictable instability.  相似文献   

Biomechanical Effects of Fatigue on 10,000 Meter Running Technique     

Bruce Elliot  Tim Ackland 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):160-166

Abstract

A study of the effect of fatigue on the mechanical characteristics of running during a 10,000 meter race was undertaken using high speed cinematography and a computer analysis technique. Eight highly skilled male subjects were filmed at four intervals throughout the event. An analysis of variance for trends was conducted for each of the dependent variables indicating the adjustments made by the runners that accompanied fatigue over the four stages of the event. Runners countered fatigue by changing sections of their total gait pattern (stride length, stride rate, segmental body positions) and reducing running velocity. Toward the end of the race the runners became less competent in the positioning of the foot and leg at foot-strike, which increased the potential for a retarding effect. A more extended lower limb increased the energy requirements of the recovery phase during the latter stages of the race. Fatigue caused these highly skilled runners to systematically alter their technique throughout the race. These adjustments, however, were not excessive.  相似文献   

Kinematic Constraints Associated With the Acquisition of Overarm Throwing Part II     

David F. Stodden  Stephen J. Langendorfer  Glenn S. Fleisig  James R. Andrews 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):428-436

The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine the differences within 11 specific kinematic variables and an outcome measure (ball velocity) associated with component developmental levels of humerus and forearm action (Roberton & Halverson, 1984), and (b) if the differences in kinematic variables were significantly associated with the differences in component levels, determine potential kinematic constraints associated with skilled throwing acquisition. Significant differences among component levels in five of six humerus kinematic variables (p < .01) and all five forearm kinematic variables (p < .01) were identified using multivariate analysis of variance. These kinematic variables represent potential control parameters and, therefore, constraints on overarm throwing acquisition.  相似文献   

对优秀标枪运动员闫泽坤在专项成长过程中最后用力技术的对比分析     

史兵  ;徐启铭  ;赵山河 《辽宁体育科技》2014,(3):20-23

从生物力学的角度对闫泽坤在2013年4月训练时的成绩与其一年前训练时的成绩进行分析,针对其存在的不足,提出相应的对策,旨在为提高其训练水平提供依据。  相似文献   

张培萌与劳义百米技术时空特征对比分析     

李亚坤  詹晓梅  王双  曾晓梅 《体育成人教育学刊》2014,(4):65-67

对2013莫斯科田径世锦赛张培萌和2010年广州亚运会劳义两人的100m技术的时间、空间特征进行对比分析。研究结果显示：张培萌的平均步长与劳义非常接近,平均步频略大于劳义,提示张培萌应加强步长能力训练,提高步长指数,而劳义应加强步频能力训练,提高步频指数;张培萌和劳义的起跑反应时与世界高水平运动员相比差距较大,尤其劳义应提高起跑动作质量和加速能力;劳义和张培萌途中跑技术中应缩短支撑时间与腾空时间,劳义途中跑阶段支腾比例小于张培萌;张培萌着地缓冲时间短,能够保持较大的水平速度,而劳义着地角小,支撑腿缓冲退让更加积极,有利于蹬伸发力;在后蹬过程中,劳义和张培萌应尽量减小后蹬角角度,增加摆动腿折叠程度,提高摆动速度,以优化蹬摆技术。  相似文献   

男子波浪式蛙泳技术的水下运动学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

仰红慧  余卫东  孙家伟  张怡  魏文仪 《体育科研》2005,26(4):53-56

运用水下定点定焦的二维、三维摄像方法对4名男运动员波浪式蛙泳技术进行运动学测试分析。实验结果显示:波浪式蛙泳的重心水平速度和加速度曲线呈“双谷双峰”变化规律,臂腿配合动作的衔接时间、环节角速度变化的数值大小、腿部蹬腿的夹水角度变化等参数,存在明显的个体差异。  相似文献   

浅析短跑屈蹬跑技术的作用     

周海云 《石家庄学院学报》2000,(4)

后蹬动作是短跑技术的关键 ,是人体前进的主要动力。运用运动学和力学原理对短跑屈蹬跑技术作用进行浅析 ,为进一步提高短跑技术教学和训练提供一定理论帮助  相似文献   

对我国优秀女子铁饼选手最后用力技术的运动学分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

张英波  佟海青 《体育科学》2000,20(6):84-85,49

掷铁饼技术的最后用力是整个技术过程的关键环节。采用高速同步摄影与影片三妥析的方法,对我国部分优秀女子铁饼选手的投掷技术进行测试,取得所需技术参数原始数据,运用解析的最后用力技术单腿支撑和双腿支撑阶段时间、人体与器械质心速度变化,以及器械质心高、低点出现时机等多种技术参数,揭示掷铁饼最后用力技术中人体－器械系统的运动学特征,并提出相关结论和建议,为教学、训练和科学提供定量化参考依据。  相似文献   

重庆市第二届大运会优秀男子铅球运动员投掷技术的生物力学分析     

黄承佳  宋鹏  韦华丽 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(12):41-43,55

通过对重庆市第二届大学生运动会男子铅球前三名运动员投掷最后发力动作技术进行分析。实验结果表明重庆优秀大学生铅球运动员对整个推球动作的总体掌握程度较熟悉、各自动作特点明显,其中罗王飞的技术动作较为突出。各时相下的相关运动学指标均未能达到国家大学生运动员一流水平,就出手速度等指标,三位运动员并无显著差异,这说明重庆地区大学生铅球水平处于较低水平,有较大提高空间。  相似文献   

棒球投手投球动作的运动生物力学研究综述     

马秀杰  韩志磊  梁占锁 《中国体育科技》2010,46(2)

通过对近20多年来国内、外学者对棒球投手的运动生物力学研究成果进行整理分析研究,研究认为,目前对棒球投手的生物力学研究主要运用高速摄影、等速肌力测试、肌电图、三维测力台等科研手段,从运动学、动力学、肌电学方面对影响棒球投球动作质量及投球速度的关键部位和因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对优化投球动作以减少运动损伤等方面进行了探讨.  相似文献