市民社会、市民人性与中国民法典思考     

曾献文 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2002,31(2):57-60

市民社会和市民人性是不断发展的。它经过了古希腊罗马的道德人和资本主义的经济人时代,现在正走向整合二的新阶段。与人相应，未来的中国民法典必须把握这一趋势，将道德人和经济人分别安排在民商事组织层面和民商事行为层面，从而维护市民人性的健全发展。  相似文献   

试析董仲舒"天人合一"学说的论证方式     

赵艳玲 《衡水学院学报》2007,9(3):27-30

汉儒董仲舒在《春秋繁露》中,主要运用了类比论证的方式将儒家"天人合一"思想系统化、理论化。董仲舒的"天人合一"说及其论证方式折射出中国传统思维方式的整体性特征。这种思维特征对中国人的政治思维方式影响至深。  相似文献   

信息生态视角下社会网络伦理规约模型构建研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

葛岩  马捷 《图书情报工作》2016,60(14):56-66

[目的/意义]社会网络伦理作为社会网络信息活动中产生的新型伦理,其规约模型的构建较为清晰地描述如何规约信息人、信息技术、社会网络环境,从而为处理社会网络伦理缺失行为提供指导。[方法/过程]明确网络伦理的主体关系和研究范畴,基于信息生态的构成要素,阐释社会网络伦理的概念内涵。在对社会网络伦理作用机理进行分析的基础上,认为网络伦理缺失行为的主体根源即信息人的责任意识,以责任伦理为理论切入点,构建社会网络伦理规约模型。以“魏则西事件”为例,阐释社会网络伦理规约模型与该事件监管思想的契合度,最后提出基于社会协同的网络伦理规约实施策略。[结果/结论]建构社会网络伦理规约的理论框架,提出基于社会协同的网络伦理规约实施策略,对于引导和规范网络信息活动具有重要作用。  相似文献   

Foreign players and competitive balance in Greek basketball and handball championships     

《Sport Management Review》2016,19(4):391-401

One of the key issues of team sport championships is competitive balance. One of the dimensions of competitive balance is concerned with the differences in sporting capabilities of teams within a season. The aim of this study is to evaluate competitive balance in Greek basketball and handball championships in relation to the presence and number of foreign players. The examined periods are from 1965–1966 to 2012–2013 (n = 47) for basketball and from 1983–1984 to 2012–2013 (n = 30) for handball. Foreign players appeared in basketball starting from 1988 while in handball from 1999. For each season and sport, two global and three special indices that capture competitive balance in the multileveled championship structure were calculated. Results showed that the number of foreign players per team is dependent on the country's macroeconomic status and in its turn improves the overall competitiveness, as well as competitiveness at the relegation level. In handball foreign players appeared later and in lesser numbers than in basketball. The increase in competitiveness of the national basketball league as a result of the increase in numbers of foreign players across all teams was followed by an upsurge in the quality, performance and achievements of the top teams participating in the European competitions.  相似文献   

Tier-specific evolution of match performance characteristics in the English Premier League: it’s getting tougher at the top     

Paul S. Bradley  David T. Archer  Bob Hogg  Gabor Schuth  Michael Bush  Chris Carling 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):980-987

This study investigated the evolution of physical and technical performances in the English Premier League (EPL), with special reference to league ranking. Match performance observations (n = 14,700) were collected using a multiple-camera computerised tracking system across seven consecutive EPL seasons (2006–07 to 2012–13). Final league rankings were classified into Tiers: (A) 1st–4th ranking (n = 2519), (B) 5th–8th ranking (n = 2965), (C) 9th–14th ranking (n = 4448) and (D) 15th–20th ranking (n = 4768). Teams in Tier B demonstrated moderate increases in high-intensity running distance while in ball possession from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season (P < 0.001; effect size [ES]: 0.68), with Tiers A, C and D producing less pronounced increases across the same period (P < 0.005; ES: 0.26, 0.41 and 0.33, respectively). Large increases in sprint distance were observed from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season for Tier B (P < 0.001; ES: 1.21), while only moderate increases were evident for Tiers A, C and D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.75, 0.97 and 0.84, respectively). Tier B demonstrated large increases in the number of passes performed and received in 2012–13 compared to 2006–07 (P < 0.001; ES: 1.32–1.53) with small-to-moderate increases in Tier A (P < 0.001; ES: 0.30–0.38), Tier C (P < 0.001; ES: 0.46–0.54) and Tier D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.69–0.87). The demarcation line between 4th (bottom of Tier A) and 5th ranking (top of Tier B) in the 2006–07 season was 8 points, but this decreased to just a single point in the 2012–13 season. The data demonstrate that physical and technical performances have evolved more in Tier B than any other Tier in the EPL and could indicate a narrowing of the performance gap between the top two Tiers.  相似文献   

Dribbling determinants in sub-elite youth soccer players     

Matteo Zago  Andrea Gianluca Piovan  Isabella Annoni  Daniela Ciprandi  F. Marcello Iaia 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(5):411-419

Dribbling speed in soccer is considered critical to the outcome of the game and can assist in the talent identification process. However, little is known about the biomechanics of this skill. By means of a motion capture system, we aimed to quantitatively investigate the determinants of effective dribbling skill in a group of 10 Under-13 sub-elite players, divided by the median-split technique according to their dribbling test time (faster and slower groups). Foot-ball contacts cadence, centre of mass (CoM), ranges of motion (RoM), velocity and acceleration, as well as stride length, cadence and variability were computed. Hip and knee joint RoMs were also considered. Faster players, as compared to slower players, showed a 30% higher foot-ball cadence (3.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2 contacts · s^?1, P < 0.01); reduced CoM mediolateral (0.91 ± 0.05 vs. 1.14 ± 0.16 m, P < 0.05) and vertical (0.19 ± 0.01 vs. 0.25 ± 0.03 m, P < 0.05) RoMs; higher right stride cadence (+20%, P < 0.05) with lower variability (P < 0.05); reduced hip and knee flexion RoMs (P < 0.05). In conclusion, faster players are able to run with the ball through a shorter path in a more economical way. To effectively develop dribbling skill, coaches are encouraged to design specific practices where high stride frequency and narrow run trajectories are required.  相似文献   

The key to success in elite athletes? Explicit and implicit motor learning in youth elite and non-elite soccer players     

L. Verburgh  E. J. A. Scherder  P. A. M. van Lange  J. Oosterlaan 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1782-1790

In sports, fast and accurate execution of movements is required. It has been shown that implicitly learned movements might be less vulnerable than explicitly learned movements to stressful and fast changing circumstances that exist at the elite sports level. The present study provides insight in explicit and implicit motor learning in youth soccer players with different expertise levels. Twenty-seven youth elite soccer players and 25 non-elite soccer players (aged 10–12) performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT). In the SRTT, one of the sequences must be learned explicitly, the other was implicitly learned. No main effect of group was found for implicit and explicit learning on mean reaction time (MRT) and accuracy. However, for MRT, an interaction was found between learning condition, learning phase and group. Analyses showed no group effects for the explicit learning condition, but youth elite soccer players showed better learning in the implicit learning condition. In particular, during implicit motor learning youth elite soccer showed faster MRTs in the early learning phase and earlier reached asymptote performance in terms of MRT. Present findings may be important for sports because children with superior implicit learning abilities in early learning phases may be able to learn more (durable) motor skills in a shorter time period as compared to other children.  相似文献   

The Structural Adjustment of Football in Zambia: Politics,Decline and Dispersal, 1991–1994     

Hikabwa D. Chipande 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(15):1847-1865

Abstract

This paper explores multiple and complex relationships between football (soccer), politics, and the economy in postcolonial Zambia. Based on archival and oral sources collected in Zambia, the paper argues that President Frederick Chiluba’s government failed to support football development when it came into power in 1991 because it was elected on a platform of liberalizing the collapsing national economy. Chiluba privatized state-owned companies that were sponsoring the game resulting in the plummeting of the local standards and migration of talented footballers abroad in search of better livelihoods. Furthermore, the paper argues that while the exodus of talented footballers led to the deterioration of the standards of the local league, their transnational experience boosted the performance of the Zambia national football team. This led to the emergence of one of the best national teams the country has ever had. Unfortunately, this particular team perished in the Gabon air disaster in 1993 following the government’s disinvestment in the game. However, a few months after the disaster, the country managed to rebuild a national football team, which emerged as runners up to Nigeria in the 1994 African Cup of Nations final as a result of a large pool of local and foreign-based football players.  相似文献   

探究人力资本理论对足球后备人才培养的影响     

李斌鑫 《湖北体育科技》2016,(9):775-777

运用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计及回归统计等方法,以上海市部分少体校青少年足球培养为研究对象,以人力资本理论为指导进行研究并发现:1)少体校足球后备人才培养轻视素质培养,模式陈旧单一,培养观念需转变;2)应及时解决以人力资本理论为指导研究对象存在的一些可能被忽视的问题;3)以人力资本理论为指导,加强研究对象与其他培养体系交流,尝试建立合理的交流渠道和富有市场机制的转会费机制,保障青少年足球人才的人力资本能够在培养过程中甚至进入职业队后得到充分发挥。  相似文献   

足球运动员功能训练思考——基于近年来其他体能类项目突破的反思     

袁剑 《湖北体育科技》2016,(11):1029-1031

实践证明,功能性动作的完善更适合体能类项目实战的需要。分析国内外部分体能类项目突破带来的启发,阐述功能训练理念以及理论基础,列举国内足球项目体能训练的若干误区,从理论上提出功能训练对足球运动员的改造以及足球运动的核心训练,以期引发对功能训练与足球运动结合的思考、讨论与实践。  相似文献