Enhancement of anatomical learning and developing clinical competence of first‐year medical and allied health profession students          下载免费PDF全文

Sarah A. Keim Janssen  Stephane P. VanderMeulen  Valerie K. Shostrom  Carol S. Lomneth 《Anatomical sciences education》2014,7(3):181-190

Hands‐on educational experiences can stimulate student interest, increase knowledge retention, and enhance development of clinical skills. The Lachman test, used to assess the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), is commonly performed by health care professionals and is relatively easy to teach to first‐year health profession students. This study integrated teaching the Lachman test into a first‐year anatomy laboratory and examined if students receiving the training would be more confident, competent, and if the training would enhance anatomical learning. First‐year medical, physician assistant and physical therapy students were randomly assigned into either the intervention (Group A) or control group (Group B). Both groups received the course lecture on knee anatomy and training on how to perform the Lachman test during a surface anatomy class. Group A received an additional 15 minutes hands‐on training for the Lachman test utilizing a lightly embalmed cadaver as a simulated patient. One week later, both groups performed the Lachman test on a lightly embalmed cadaver and later completed a post‐test and survey. Students with hands‐on training performed significantly better than students with lecture‐only training in completing the checklist, a post‐test, and correctly diagnosing an ACL tear. Students in Group A also reported being more confident after hands‐on training compared to students receiving lecture‐only training. Both groups reported that incorporating clinical skill activities facilitated learning and created excitement for learning. Hands‐on training using lightly embalmed cadavers as patient simulators increased confidence and competence in performing the Lachman test and aided in learning anatomy. Anat Sci Educ 7: 181–190. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

蒙古黄芪中药对提高持续运动大鼠心肌组织抗自由基能力的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

徐芝芳  郭层城  曾锡银 《体育科学》2005,25(2):76-78

研究了蒙古黄芪中药对长时间持续运动训练大鼠心肌组织自由基的影响。结果表明 ,运动训练后灌胃蒙古黄芪水煎剂能显著提高大鼠心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶 ,过氧化氢酶的活性(P<0 .0 1) ,并能显著降低丙二醛的含量 (P<0 .0 1)。从而证实了蒙古黄芪中药是一种有效的自由基清除剂 ,可减轻运动后因脂质过氧化而产生的内源性自由基对机体的损伤 ,具有增强抗氧化酶活性和提高大鼠运动能力的作用。  相似文献   

力竭运动后不同时相大鼠心肌Egr-1蛋白的变化及其在运动性心肌微损伤发生中的作用          下载免费PDF全文

袁旭鑫  常芸 《体育科研》2012,33(4):30-34

目的：探讨力竭运动后不同时相心肌早期生长应答基因Egr-1在蛋白水平的变化特点,为运动性心肌微损伤及心肌功能异常发生机制的阐释提供实验依据。方法：100只健康成年雄性SD大鼠,分为一次力竭游泳运动组、两周反复力竭游泳运动组及安静对照组,分别于力竭运动后即刻、6 h、12 h及24 h取材,应用免疫荧光组化技术和图像分析方法研究大鼠心肌Egr-1蛋白含量的变化。结果：一次力竭运动组大鼠心脏各部位Egr-1蛋白含量即刻组与对照组相比显著性升高（P〈0.05）,24 h组与对照组相比显著性降低（P〈0.05）;反复力竭运动组大鼠心脏各部位Egr-1蛋白含量即刻组与对照组相比显著性升高（P〈0.05）,6 h组、12 h组、24 h组大鼠心脏各部位Egr-1蛋白含量均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：不同力竭运动后心脏各部位Egr-1在运动后即刻明显升高,表明心肌细胞Egr-1对力竭运动刺激产生快速应激反应,可能诱导炎性细胞的趋化、聚集以及氧自由基的产生。而心脏各部位Egr-1在力竭运动后24 h内恢复到正常水平,说明力竭运动后心脏Egr-1改变属早期应激反应,且此反应属可复性改变。  相似文献   

有氧运动对肥胖大鼠脂肪组织perilipin A基因表达的影响     

傅姗  封飞虎  杨月琴 《浙江体育科学》2012,(5):109-112

目的:研究8周有氧运动对肥胖大鼠腹内脂肪组织perilipin A基因表达的影响。方法:健康雄性SD大鼠60只(60～95g),随机抽取10只作为普通膳食对照组(C),喂养标准普通饲料。其余50只喂养高脂膳食,7周后建立肥胖大鼠模型16只,再随机分为2组:肥胖非运动组(Ob,n=8)和肥胖运动组(Ob-E,n=8)。8周后测定大鼠体重、血脂、腹内脂肪组织perilipin A mRNA表达。结果:肥胖不运动组(Ob组)大鼠体重、腹内脂肪总量、脂体比、血清TG、腹内脂肪组织perilipin A mRNA表达显著高于对照C组;肥胖运动组(Ob-E组)大鼠腹内脂肪总量、脂体比、血清TG、腹内脂肪组织perilipin A mRNA表达相比Ob组显著降低。结论:8周有氧跑台运动明显降低了高脂饮食肥胖大鼠的腹部脂肪含量,改善了血脂水平及明显降低腹内脂肪组织perilipin A mRNA表达。  相似文献   

⁶⁰Coγ射线对红掌组培材料的辐射效应研究     

彭文君  田丹青  陈集双 《科技通报》2012,(1):95-100

以不同梯度辐射剂量的60Coγ射线处理红掌"阿拉巴马"品种的愈伤组织及组培苗,并对处理过的愈伤组织诱导植株再生和移栽。结果表明:在试验处理剂量范围内,随着辐射剂量的加大,红掌愈伤组织及组培苗的生长受抑制程度加深;愈伤组织的半致死剂量为20～30Gy;组培苗的半致死剂量为30～40Gy;辐射后的再生植株矮小且生长缓慢。  相似文献   

红掌“亚丽桑娜”体细胞胚胎发生的探研     

刘雪莲  付志欣  顾地周 《通化师范学院学报》2010,31(8):35-37

以红掌亚丽桑娜的新生嫩叶为外植体诱导红掌体细胞胚胎发生,试验结果表明：幼叶胚性愈伤组织诱导较适宜的培养基为MS＋2.4-D0.5 mg/L＋6-BA0.05 mg/L;胚状体诱导较适宜的培养基为MS＋6-BA0.5 mg/L;胚状体成苗培养基为MS＋NAA0.2 mg/L.  相似文献   

红掌（Anthurium andreanum Dakota）诱导愈伤组织研究幼叶   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶贵荣  张丽娜  徐伟军 《西安文理学院学报》2010,13(2):7-12

采用红掌（Anthurium andreanum Dakota）幼叶叶片中部（带主叶脉叶片）,叶片基部（叶柄与叶片连接处）,叶尖部位作为外植体,接种在1／4MS附加不同浓度的6-BA＋2,4-D＋KT的培养基上．结果表明,红掌（Anthurium andreanum）愈伤组织的诱导率不仅与叶片不同部位有关,而且与添加外源激素的浓度及配比有关．经过60d愈伤组织诱导培养,叶片基部作为外植体诱导愈伤组织效果最好,愈伤组织诱导率最高的培养基为1／4 MS＋6-BA 0．9mg／L＋2,4-D 0．9mg／L＋KT 0．5mg／L．  相似文献   

气态甲醛吸入对小鼠肺组织毒性损伤的研究     

刘凯华  郝晓宁  吴丹丹  谭月  梅茹洁  户晓雅  刘静静 《渭南师范学院学报》2013,(12):126-129

研究不同浓度的气态甲醛吸入对小鼠肺组织的病理损伤作用.以昆明雄性小鼠为实验材料,40只小鼠随机分为4组,1组对照组,其他3组分别为25%、50%、75%的甲醛溶液试剂组（小鼠全天暴露在甲醛环境中）,自由饮食,每天称小鼠体重,观察其生理、形态、行为是否有异常.四周后将其全部颈椎脱臼处死,取肺组织经HE染色后在光镜下观察其损伤情况.对照组小鼠体重增长,肺组织结构清晰,有较少的纤维化现象,肺泡壁正常;实验组小鼠均出现不同程度的肺纤维化损伤、肺泡壁增厚、毛细血管破裂、肺泡腔内出现血细胞、小鼠体重不断下降等;随着甲醛浓度的增高,肺组织病变越严重,小鼠死亡率也相对越高.甲醛吸入会引起小鼠体重减轻和肺组织纤维化,且与甲醛浓度成正相关.  相似文献   

Comparison of Haptic and Biometric Properties,Bacterial Load,and Student Perception of Fixative Solutions: Formaldehyde Versus Chilean Conservative Fixative Solution with and without Formaldehyde in Pig Kidneys     

Marianne Skopnik-Chicago  Katherine Poblete-Cordero  Natali Zamora  Roberto Bastías  Pablo A. Lizana 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(6):836-846

One of the most widely used solutions to fix and preserve organic tissues is formaldehyde, despite reservations regarding its toxicity and the fact that formaldehyde-embalmed bodies lose their original characteristics. Anatomy laboratories have been replacing formaldehyde with solutions that retain the characteristics of fresh tissue. For this purpose, alternative solutions with a very low concentration of formaldehyde or without any formaldehyde have been analyzed. The objective of this study was to compare biometry, coloration, haptic properties, and bacterial load on animal specimens (pig kidneys) embalmed with formaldehyde, and with Chilean Conservative Fixative Solution with and without formaldehyde (formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS). Also, the perception of health and biological science students toward specimens treated with different solutions was assessed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in specimens’ retraction, or bacterial load. Students showed a preference for organs embalmed in formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS; indicating that with these treatments they could better visualize structures and that the prosections had greater flexibility and the colors were more similar to those of fresh tissue. Additionally, students recommended the material embalmed in formaldehyde chCFS and formaldehyde-free chCFS for anatomy learning. In contrast, students indicated that formaldehyde-fixation negatively affected their practical experience. In conclusion, embalming with formaldehyde chCFS or formaldehyde-free chCFS provides an advantageous practical experience over the use of formaldehyde and may be an alternative to replace the use of formaldehyde in anatomy laboratories.  相似文献   

浅谈组织胚胎学教学方法     

马兴芬 《保山师专学报》2005,24(2):23-24

组织胚胎学是医学形态学的基础,也是学生进入医学领域的基础,要使学生打牢基础,必须抓住教学重点和难点,充分运用现代教学手段和现代教学条件,提高学生的求知欲望.  相似文献