历史地理信息的获取与标准化——以上海交通大学馆藏地方历史文献为例     

汤萌  李芳  王昕 《图书馆杂志》2018,(1):50-57

上海交通大学图书馆针对近年来收集的地方历史文献开展了数字化加工工作。如何有效地提取文献蕴含的地理信息并使其标准化,最终实现数字化的展示、利用与分析是工作的难点之一。地理信息经由人工获取,根据研究需求按照分段揭示的原则著录到地域相关的元数据字段中。基于可统计的文献来源,分布集中的文献优先编写代码转换规则,可机读代码避免了语义识别等程序的繁冗。鉴于明清时期行政区划的特点,代码采用"省-县-都-图-村"五级格式,遵照标准化、兼容性、求同性与扩展性的编制原则,以期实现文献关联聚类、信息自动获取与空间可视化等数据化效果,还原地域视角下的历史原貌。  相似文献   

同行评审的新趋势     

王凤产 《编辑学报》2018,30(5):547-550

为避免传统同行评审形式出现的诸多弊端,学术出版界不断探索新的同行评议方法,出现了诸多的创新。本文主要对当前正在尝试的新兴同行评审方法进行调查,并介绍相关经验。这些创新方法包括开放性同行评审、非选择性同行评审、开放预审稿件的公众评审、便携式同行评审、反弹式同行评审、背书式同行评审。调查结果显示,同行评审实践发生了巨大的变化,与互联网革命和开放获取出版紧密相关,科学出版商为作者提供了更多的选择,新的同行评议形式为学术交流注入了新的活力。  相似文献   

Nurturing Authority     

Tanya Muscat 《Journalism Practice》2018,12(2):220-235

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.  相似文献   

Citizen-Centered Journalism and Contested Boundaries     

Magda Konieczna  John A. Hatcher  Jennifer E. Moore 《Journalism Practice》2018,12(1):4-18

This article explores the existence of a “citizen-centered journalism” that sees citizens as crucial participants in the construction of news and as co-creators of their own worlds. Through qualitative case studies of three news organizations, the article examines the motivation for using a citizen-centered approach, the news routines that are required to do so, the categories of content produced, and the perceived impact of this approach. The results suggest these news organizations are working in partnership with communities and striving to give a voice to historically marginalized communities. The journalists, however, see citizen participation as complementary to professional journalistic routines that favor verifiable information, rather than assigning inherent value to it for its own sake.  相似文献   

Windows系统下轻松用TC     

杨卫社 《杨凌职业技术学院学报》2002,(2)

TurboC以其方便、直观、易用的界面和丰富的功能赢得了广大用户。但它是一个DOS下的编译程序,本文详细介绍了TC2.0在Windows操作系统下的安装、运行和应用技巧。  相似文献   

第一可数性公理空间的性质     

赵建红 《通化师范学院学报》2004,25(10):5-7

讨论了满足第一可数性公理空间的若干性质  相似文献   

社会学视角下的温州人群体意识的分析研究     

伊乐林 《河南广播电视大学学报》2011,24(2):1-4,6

本文首先对意识和群体意识进行了较为简略的综述,然后分别运用迪尔凯姆的"社会事实"、韦伯的"社会行为"和吉登斯的"社会结构"等社会学理论对温州社会进行了分析研究,试图从中探讨出温州人的群体意识中的问题,最后,通过社会学的理论为其指出改正的方向。  相似文献   

西非—中国航线原油远洋运输方案优化     

周晓玲  王震  肖文涛  许国栋 《上海海事大学学报》2017,38(1):31-36

为满足西非—中国航线的原油远洋运输方案的时效性要求,以油船运费、滞期费和靠港费之和最低为目标函数,以供需平衡、港口水深和装卸时间为约束条件,求解一个包含船型组合、装/卸港航线组合、油种替换、批次拆分等多决策变量的大规模NP(Non-deterministic Polynomial)难问题.采用差分进化算法进行求解.为提高求解速度,采用双染色体编码、基因组压缩编码、船型与拼装变量隐式联锁、配送油种比对解码等方法,进行供需平衡约束,降低问题规模,并缩减问题的"劣质解空间",提高差分进化算法的搜索时效.利用提出的算法对中国石化某月度西非—中国航线实际原油远洋运输方案进行优化,得到优化方案平均用时约5 min,可节约运费50余万美元.  相似文献   

从优选论视角看非英语专业大学生汉英句子翻译错误现象     

尚光琴 《海外英语》2014,(11)

受母语汉语的影响，中国学习者在学习英语的过程中常常会产生负迁移现象。该研究调查了贵州师范学院非英语专业大学生汉英句子翻译的错误现象，并从优选论视角分析了错误翻译的成因。该研究对于大学英语翻译教学来说有很大的参考价值，同时有助于中国英语学习者了解汉英两种语言的异同，寻找汉英句子翻译的规律，以便在翻译中更好地传达句子意思，从而达到有效的沟通和交流。  相似文献   

The Saljuq Turks’ Conversion to Islam: The Crusading Sources     

Nicholas Morton 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2015,27(2):109-118

This article contributes to the important debate over the conversion of the Turks to Islam. Previously, it was thought that the Turks abandoned their former steppe faith and customs very swiftly to become staunch Sunni Muslims, but this view has recently been challenged by a number of studies. The current consensus seems to be that the Turks’ adoption of Islam was a process of far longer duration, spanning many decades. This article broadens this discussion by demonstrating that the chronicles written by the First Crusaders contain much useful information that is pertinent to this question. It works through these texts, showing that they can shed new light on this point.  相似文献