Sex-specific associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity with physical fitness in adolescents     

T. Kidokoro  H. Tanaka  K. Naoi  K. Ueno  T. Yanaoka  K. Kashiwabara 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1159-1166

The present study examined the sex-specific associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity (VPA) with physical fitness in 300 Japanese adolescents aged 12–14 years. Participants were asked to wear an accelerometer to evaluate physical activity (PA) levels of various intensities (i.e. moderate PA (MPA), 3–5.9 metabolic equivalents (METs); VPA, ≥6 METs; moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), ≥3 METs). Eight fitness items were assessed (grip strength, bent-leg sit-up, sit-and-reach, side step, 50?m sprint, standing long jump, handball throw, and distance running) as part of the Japanese standardised fitness test. A fitness composite score was calculated using Japanese fitness norms, and participants were categorised according to their score from category A (most fit) to category E (least fit), with participants in categories D and E defined as having low fitness. It was found that for boys, accumulating more than 80.7?min/day of MVPA may reduce the probability of low fitness (odds ratio (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)]?=?0.17 [0.06–0.47], p?=?.001). For girls, accumulating only 8.4?min of VPA could reduce the likelihood of exhibiting low fitness (ORs [95% CI]?=?0.23 [0.05–0.89], p?=?.032). These results reveal that there are sex-specific differences in the relationship between PA and physical fitness in adolescents, suggesting that sex-specific PA recommendation may be needed to improve physical fitness in adolescents.  相似文献   

Determining optimal cadence for an individual road cyclist from field data     

Robert Reed  Simon Adrian Jobson  Louis Passfield 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):903-911

The cadence that maximises power output developed at the crank by an individual cyclist is conventionally determined using a laboratory test. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (i) to show that such a cadence, which we call the optimal cadence, can be determined using power output, heart-rate, and cadence measured in the field and (ii) to describe methodology to do so. For an individual cyclist's sessions, power output is related to cadence and the elicited heart-rate using a non-linear regression model. Optimal cadences are found for two riders (83 and 70 revolutions per minute, respectively); these cadences are similar to the riders’ preferred cadences (82–92?rpm and 65–75?rpm). Power output reduces by approximately 6% for cadences 20?rpm above or below optimum. Our methodology can be used by a rider to determine an optimal cadence without laboratory testing intervention: the rider will need to collect power output, heart-rate, and cadence measurements from training and racing sessions over an extended period (>6 months); ride at a range of cadences within those sessions; and calculate his/her optimal cadence using the methodology described or a software tool that implements it.  相似文献   

Bilateral practice improves dominant leg performance in long jump     

Anne Focke  Sina Spancken  Christian Stockinger  Benjamin Thürer  Thorsten Stein 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):787-793

Benefits of bilateral practice both for the non-dominant and for the dominant body side have been shown in several studies. Thereby, most of the studies included movement tasks of the upper extremity or investigated sports games in which the ability of acting bilaterally is an essential basis for success and, thus, a bilateral practice is reasonable anyway. Individual unilaterally performed sports including movement tasks of the lower extremity are rarely investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to test if contralateral transfer due to bilateral practice can be found in an unilaterally performed sport including the lower extremity. We trained and tested 61 adolescent athletes in long jump to compare the jumping performance of the dominant leg after a 12-week practice period between two groups: a bilateral practice group that practiced specific long jump exercises with both the dominant and non-dominant leg and an unilateral practice group that practiced specific long jump exercises only with the dominant leg. Results showed a superior effect of bilateral practice compared to unilateral practice regarding the jumping performance of the dominant leg. The performance increase at post-test and retention-test for the dominant limb was significantly higher for the bilateral practice group (pre-to-post: 5.2%, pre-to-retention: 7.4%) compared to the unilateral practice group (pre-to-post: 3.4%, pre-to-retention: 4.5%). Thus, bilateral practice should be established in the early practice programmes of track and field athletes to improve the performance of the dominant take-off leg.  相似文献   

研究生公选课程分组讨论教学的规则设计、组织与有效实施 ——澳大利亚新南威尔士大学(UNSW)研究生公选课程教学经验的借鉴     

蒋辉宇 《安庆师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2019,38(4):114-120

澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的教师通过对学生循环提问与交叉提问的方式,事实上组织起了一场以研究生个人为参与主体的课堂讨论,该课堂讨论通过对研究生讨论表现实时计分的方式凝聚了学生课堂注意力,同时也有效控制了讨论秩序,其教学经验值得我国借鉴。然而,由于两国研究生公选课程人数及国民性格的较大差异,澳洲的教学经验不能在国内同类课堂完全直接适用。有必要进行针对性改造、变通。在改造后的分组讨论模式中,由教师实时记录各讨论小组的发言、提问及评论质量,并通过科学的分数构成及相关规则将各小组成员的个人总评成绩进行具体量化,同时通过小组内部及小组之间的双重竞争机制有效保障研究生个人持续性积极参与分组讨论的全部环节。  相似文献   

女大学生对体育锻炼的认识及行为状况的调查研究     

余清风  段师博 《咸阳师范学院学报》2006,21(4):61-63

以陕西5所高校为例,通过对女大学生体育锻炼的认识及行为状况的调查研究表明,这一群体对体育锻炼的认识、观念等方面具有现代知识女性的思想特征,但参与体育锻炼的行为倾向处于一般水平。  相似文献   

对体育教学模式的思考     

荆力军 《咸阳师范学院学报》2001,16(2):78-80

分析了现行的体育教学模式的利与弊,提出了完善体育教学模式的思路.  相似文献   

中央民族大学教师身心状况调查     

陈暋 《民族教育研究》2006,17(4):30-34

办一流大学需要一流的教师队伍，高校工会组织应当对教师的工作和居住环境、身体和心理状况等给予经常性的关注，积极为校方出谋划策，努力营造和谐的工作和生活氛围。  相似文献   

建立学习型政府的障碍及对策     

毛新伟 《襄樊学院学报》2006,27(6):29-33

建立学习型政府,实质上就是要在政府机构中引入学习型组织的管理模式和理念,进行以愿景为基础的学习管理,以提高政府组织的适应性。然而,建设学习型政府不可避免地会遇到许多现实障碍。而且,在政府组织中,由于其自身的特殊性,还存在着不同于企业组织的特属于政府组织的学习障碍。为此必须采取相应的对策。  相似文献   

关于建立职教类专业校外实训基地的几点思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

裘国伟 《南平师专学报》2005,24(4):126-127

职业技术教育是一种以生产或管理第一线的岗位或岗位群为培养目标的教育.它对教学过程中的实践环节要求较高.近年来,国家教育部多次强调高职院校建设校外实训基地的重要性和必要性.为此,我们做出了努力和尝试,也取得了一些的经验.  相似文献   

面向在校大学生培养党政后备人才模式纵论     

钟凯雄 《嘉应学院学报》2007,25(4):30-33

在实施人才强国战略中,建立党政后备人才培养体系是加强党的执政能力建设,从更高的战略层面推进人才队伍建设可持续发展的重要举措。面对日益激烈的人才竞争,大学生成为党政后备人才资源群体有其历史的合理性;面向在校大学生培养党政后备人才要立足于当代大学生的现实特点和后备人才的未来的双重视角,充分关注其特殊性,着重培养强化他们的政治思维素质、社会责任感、理论联系实际能力、健全的个性心理品质、完善和谐的人格。面向在校大学生培养党政后备人才模式,对广大经济欠发达地区具有普适性。  相似文献