Recommendations to maintain immune health in athletes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Neil P. Walsh 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(6):820-831

Numerous studies over the last 35 years report an increase in upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms in athletes during periods of heavy training and competition. Challenges athletes face such as heavy exercise and life stress influence immune function via activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system and the resulting immunoregulatory hormones. Both innate and acquired immunity are often reported to decrease transiently in the hours after heavy exertion, typically 15–70%: prolonged heavy training sessions in particular have been shown to decrease immune function; potentially providing an ‘open window’ for opportunistic infections. Whether the observed changes in immunity with acute strenuous exercise or periods of heavy training account for the increased susceptibility to URI symptoms remains contentious. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that URI symptoms hinder athletic training and competition; underpinning the need to identify the prominent risk factors and appropriate countermeasures. Recent studies have identified prominent risk factors, including: intensified training in the winter; long-haul travel; low energy availability; high levels of psychological stress and anxiety; and depression. Given the shared pathways and effector limbs for the body’s response to physical and psychological challenges, it is logical that psychological strain influences immunity and illness incidence in athletes under heavy training; indeed, stress and anxiety have recently been shown to modify the immune response to exercise. This mini-review provides new insights and evidence-based recommendations for coping with the various challenges that athletes encounter on immune health, including: heavy exercise; life stress; sleep disruption; environmental extremes and nutritional deficits.  相似文献   

《汉语大词典》收词补遗十四则     

刘显 《贵阳师范高等专科学校学报》2010,5(3):57-61

《汉语大词典》是目前世界上收录汉语词汇数量最多的大型权威语文工具书,但是在编纂时,所用语言材料基本以中土文献为中心,对佛教文献关注不够,这造成很多相关词目的失收,今增补十四则。  相似文献   

现有法律框架下城市房屋拆迁工作摭谈     

刘巧丽  王喜军 《大同职业技术学院学报》2009,(6)

面对不断发生的拆迁纠纷,当务之急是修改《拆迁条例》,根据《物权法》制定新的拆迁法规。但新法的制定需要一个过程。在这个过程中,在现有法律框架下,如何使城市房屋拆迁工作顺利进行?主要是从实践入手,在拆迁工作中从执法理念、法律漏洞补充、法律宣传教育、补偿范围等方面改进拆迁工作的不足。  相似文献   

纳米硒对肉鸡肌肉品质的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

夏枚生  宋保强  胡彩虹  许梓荣 《科技通报》2005,21(4):421-426

本实验以亚硒酸钠为对照,研究了纳米硒对肉鸡肌肉品质的影响。岭南黄公母混合雏780羽按饲养试验要求分为13组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0 mg/kg 6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,基础日粮作对照。结果显示:(1)纳米硒添加浓度在0.20-1.0 mg/kg胸肌滴水损失始终保持在低峰平台。硒源添加浓度在0.40-1.0 mg/kg硒时,纳米硒组胸肌滴水损失显著低于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(2)硒源添加浓度在0.10-0.40 mg/kg时,两种硒源对胸肌GSH-Px活性的影响无显著差异(P<0.05);在0.50和1.0 mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组GSH-Px 活性显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。硒源添加浓度在0.40-1.0 mg/kg硒时,纳米硒组T-AOC显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05),MDA含量显著低于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(3)不加硒的空白组胸肌硒含量显著低于加硒组。硒源添加浓度在0.10-0.30 mg/kg时,两种硒源对胸肌硒含量的影响无显著差异;在0.40- 1.0 mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组胸肌硒含量显著高于亚硒酸钠组。上述结果提示,纳米硒的Wein berg剂量-效应的最适剂量范围要宽于亚硒酸钠,高剂量添加时比亚硒酸钠更能提高肌肉组织抗氧化能力,降低肉的滴水损失;肌肉硒沉积率优于亚硒酸钠。  相似文献   

从笔记词语看《汉语大词典》书证的阙失     

李申  于玉春  刘伟 《河池学院学报》2006,26(6):68-74

《汉语大词典》部分条目书证或有阙失,主要问题有三:㈠书证滞后;㈡书证漏略;㈢书证“断流”。本文就此三类问题为该词典一百多个条目分别提前或增补了书证,材料主要取自唐五代宋元笔记。  相似文献   

《悲回风》为《九章》"大尾"说新证及作者问题     

张树国 《淮阴师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2004,26(2):254-258

<悲回风>由两大部分组成,从开头至"宁溘死以流亡兮,不忍为此之常愁"共48句为屈原原作;自"孤子吟而*2泪兮"至结尾为汉成帝时扬雄所作<畔牢愁>.刘歆在整理古文献时追录并"附益"在<九章>"大尾"<悲回风>之下.  相似文献   

上海游泳尖子运动员的营养监控   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

何聪 《体育科研》1999,(1)

通过对上海游泳尖子运动员的营养监控,我们针对运动员存在的营养不平衡,对运动员进行了相应的膳食结构调整和营养素的特殊补充,使他们达到机体营养素的平衡。  相似文献   

Seeing Jews and Gypsies in 1753     

《Cultural and Social History》2013,10(1):35-58

ABSTRACT

In the written accounts detailing the ‘scandals of 1753’, the Jewish Naturalization Bill and the Elizabeth Canning case, and in the images produced in their wake, Jews and Gypsies are depicted as both utterly different and terrifyingly similar to the English, their proximity and apparent indistinguishability from the English the source of their threat, the mutual imprinting or syncretic combination the source of the greatest anxiety. While the pamphlets warn of the assimilability of each group and their mutual dependence, the images emerge as the medium in which difference could be marked on the bodies, facial features and clothing of all the groups in question in an attempt to reassert and reinscribe the distinctions between them.  相似文献   

越野滑雪运动员的营养补充   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

曲东海  麻正茂  杨淑民  邢卓 《冰雪运动》2008,30(5)

通过对多年越野滑雪训练和比赛过程中营养干预实践的总结,针对越野滑雪的竞赛特点和运动员在训练和比赛过程中的物质和能量代谢特点,制定有针对性的营养补充方案：训练和比赛期间应充分补充水分、糖、电解质、维生素和微量元素等需要大量消耗的营养素,并根据运动员的具体问题强化补充乳清蛋白、乳铁蛋白、1,6-二磷酸果糖（FDP）、谷氨酰胺和支链氨基酸等营养物质,为越野滑雪教练员和运动员的训练和比赛提供参考。  相似文献   

包天笑与中国近、现代报刊业     

聂淳 《新世纪图书馆》2008,(1):95-98

论文从转变报刊语言、确立副刊地位、推动女报发展、革新期刊装帧以及注重广告造势等各个方面,论述了包天笑与中国近、现代报刊业发展之间的关系,肯定了他在这一领域取得的成就和对我国近、现代报刊事业的贡献.  相似文献