Improvement of darts performance following lucid dream practice depends on the number of distractions while rehearsing within the dream – a sleep laboratory pilot study     

Melanie Schädlich  Daniel Erlacher  Michael Schredl 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(23):2365-2372

In a lucid dream, the dreamer is aware of the dream state and can deliberately practice motor skills. Two field studies indicated that lucid dream practice can improve waking performance in simple motor tasks. The present pilot study investigated the effect of lucid dream practice in a controlled sleep laboratory setting, using a pre-post design with dart throwing in the evening and morning. The experimental group practiced darts in lucid dreams. Because some participants were distracted during lucid dream practice, the group was divided into lucid dreamers with few (n = 4) and many distractions (n = 5). Change of performance was compared to a physical practice group (n = 9) and a control group (n = 9), showing a significant interaction (P = .013, η² = .368). Only the lucid dreamers with few distractions improved (18%) significantly over time (P = .005, d = 3.84). Even though these results have to be considered preliminary, the present study indicates that lucid dream practice can be an effective tool in sports practice if lucid dreamers find ways to minimise distractions during lucid dream practice. Moreover, the study emphasises the necessity to investigate lucid dream practice experiences on a qualitative level.  相似文献   

Tracking of Gross Motor Coordination From Childhood Into Adolescence     

Rodrigo Antunes Lima  Anna Bugge  Karin Allor Pfeiffer  Lars Bo Andersen 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(1):52-59

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze tracking and stability of motor coordination in children from age 6 years to ages 9 and 13 years. Method: Data were from the Copenhagen School Child Intervention Study. Motor coordination (MC) was measured using the körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) test. The crude performance score on every item was converted into a standardized “score” based on the original German reference study, which was used to generate a total standardized motor coordination (MQ) score. The MQ scores, which represented children's level of gross MC, were classified as low (MQ score < 85), normal (MQ score = 85–115), or high (MQ score>115). Pearson correlation was used to calculate the tracking coefficients of each KTK element and MQ score, and weighted kappa was used to analyze maintenance in MC classification groups. Mixed-effects logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the odds of remaining in the low MC group over time based on body mass index (BMI), weight, and height tertiles. Results: Tracking coefficients among the MQ score and each KTK element at different ages were moderate (r>.35). Children in the highest BMI and weight tertiles had a 5.44 and 5.15 times greater chance to be in the lower MC classification group during the 7-year follow-up, respectively, in comparison with children in their lowest tertiles. Conclusion: MC tracked moderately through childhood to early adolescence. Because heavier children had a greater chance to be in the lower MC group at older ages, intervention may be useful at earlier ages for those with lower MC and disadvantageous weight status.  相似文献   

Do subjective assessments of running patterns reflect objective parameters?     

Thibault Lussiana  Cyrille Gindre  Laurent Mourot  Kim Hébert-Losier 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(7):847-857

Running patterns are often categorized into subgroups according to common features before data analysis and interpretation. The Volodalen^® method is a simple field-based tool used to classify runners into aerial or terrestrial using a 5-item subjective rating scale. We aimed to validate the Volodalen^® method by quantifying the relationship between its subjective scores and 3D biomechanical measures. Fifty-four runners ran 30?s on a treadmill at 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18?km?h^?1 while their kinematics were assessed subjectively using the Volodalen^® method and objectively using 3D motion capture. For each runner and speed, two researchers scored the five Volodalen^® items on a 1-to-5 scale, which addressed vertical oscillation, upper-body motion, pelvis and foot position at ground contact, and footstrike pattern. Seven 3D biomechanical parameters reflecting the subjective items were also collected and correlated to the subjective scores. Twenty-eight runners were classified as aerial and 26 as terrestrial. Runner classification did not change with speed, but the relative contribution of the biomechanical parameters to the subjective classification was speed dependent. The magnitude of correlations between subjective and objective measures ranged from trivial to very large. Five of the seven objective parameters significantly differed between aerial and terrestrial runners, and these parameters demonstrated the strongest correlations to the subjective scores. Our results support the validity of the Volodalen^® method, whereby the visual appreciation of running gait reflected quantifiable objective parameters. Two minor modifications to the method are proposed to simplify its use and improve agreement between subjective and objective measures.  相似文献   

浅析篮球胯下变向运球技术的动作技巧及身体用力特点     

谢昌雄 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(5):14-15

运用文献资料法、动作技术分析法,从脚步移动、控制支配球和手、脚、身体的协调配合三个方面对胯下变向运球技术进行分析,并提出胯下变向运球技术在以上三个方面练习时需要掌握的技巧和身体的用力方法。  相似文献   

任务性质、观察学习和身体练习比例对运动技能学习的影响     

王晓波 《西安体育学院学报》2011,28(5):603-608

观察使用计算机追踪任务探讨任务性质、观察学习和身体练习比例对运动技能学习的影响。72名受试划分为开放性任务学习组和封闭性任务学习组,然后再根据观察学习+身体练习比例将受试随机分为25%观察学习+75%身体练习组、50%观察学习+50%身体练习组、以及75%观察学习+25%身体练习组,进行为期3 d的计算机追踪任务学习。第3 d学习结束后,对所有受试进行即刻测试2、4 h后保持测试和迁移测试。结果显示:对于封闭性任务技能学习而言,50%观察学习+50%身体练习的比例所获得的学习效果好于25%观察学习+75%身体练习的比例和75%观察学习+25%身体练习的比例;对于开放性任务技能学习而言,25%观察学习+75%身体练习的比例所获得的学习效果好于75%观察学习+25%身体练习的比例;使用相同比例条件下,封闭性任务技能的学习效果好于开放性任务技能。  相似文献   

基于磁共振成像的优秀排球运动员大脑结构可塑性研究     

孟国正  葛春林  岳晓燕 《中国体育科技》2011,47(5)

目的:采用磁共振成像技术(MRI),对优秀排球运动员和普通大学生的大脑结构进行研究,探讨多年的动作技能学习和运动训练对优秀排球运动员大脑结构产生的可塑性变化.方法:采用Siemens Magnetom Tri0 3.0T磁共振成像系统,对20名优秀排球运动员和20名普通大学生安静状态下进行全脑MRI扫描.数据通过头动校正、空间标准化、高斯平滑等预处理后,采用SPM 8分析组间全脑灰质和白质体积的差异,采用最优化的VBM获取高分辨率的全脑图像.将Freesurfer测量出来的皮层厚度数据进行组间方差分析,找出组间皮层厚度存在显著差异的区域.结果:运动员在大脑右半球枕叶外侧上的灰质体积要显著高于普通大学生;大脑右半球枕叶外侧上的皮层厚度要显著厚于普通大学生.出现显著性差异的主要脑区部位是负责视觉加工的脑区.结论:优秀排球运动员多年的动作技能学习和运动训练能够对其大脑右半球负责视觉信息加工的枕叶脑区结构产生可塑性变化.  相似文献   

基于结构方程模型的学生体育动作技能学习绩效评价实证研究     

辛利  周毅 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2011,25(6):99-102

运用结构方程模型理论,通过测量学生体育动作技能学习的提高性、一致性、持久性、适应性来判断学生体育动作技能学习的水平与程度,从而得到较为客观的权重,最终得到一个理想的评价模型,这对于评价学生体育动作技能学习效果具有重要现实意义。  相似文献   

基于Matlab的单闭环直流调速系统仿真实验设计     

尚丽  陈杰 《苏州市职业大学学报》2011,22(4):1-5

分析Matlab/Simulink仿真技术在转速单闭环直流调速系统中的应用.考虑了转速有静差和无静差两种情况,采用面向电气原理结构图的仿真方法建立仿真模型;给出主电路和控制电路的参数设置方法,同时改变转速调节器的参数设置,对单闭环直流调速系统的调速性能进行仿真实验分析,并给出直流电动机的转速和电枢电流仿真波形.实验结果表明,单闭环直流调速系统的调速性能仿真结果与理论推导的调速性能一致,对实验教学有一定的指导意义.  相似文献   

动作技能学习中的个体差异研究综述     

董佼 《山西师大体育学院学报》2011,26(1):81-85

以个体差异的研究现状为基础,归纳总结了个体差异在动作技能学习中所涉及到的主要因素变量,旨在为未来动作技能教学和学习提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Beam-stabilized optical switch using a voice-coil motor actuator     

Taha Landolsi  Rached Dhaouadi  Oubadah Aldabbas 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2011,348(1):1-11

This paper presents the design, analysis, and implementation of a beam-stabilized optical switch using a voice-coil motor actuator. A closed-loop control system using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is developed to stabilize the beam at the desired angle to maximize the optical power detected by a photodiode. Experimental results show a good performance with 17 ms switching speed and a maximum overshoot of only 3%.  相似文献