新旧规则下散打技术运用的对比分析     

陈新富 《搏击·武术科学》2012,(11):68-70,73

文章采用数理统计法、文献资料法、对比分析法对2010年和2011年全国锦标赛男子赛区的比赛进行技术统计与分析研究。研究结果表明：从总体情况来看,新规则的修改有效增进了散打比赛的激烈程度、对抗强度,提高了比赛的观赏性,基本达到修改规则的目的。（1）现阶段,拳法、腿法、摔法仍然是运动员散打技术的主要组成部分,拳腿技术不仅是运动员主要进攻手段,而且是主要得分手段;（2）新规则实施对运动员搂抱摔在比赛中的应用起到一定的抑制作用,接腿摔技术使用次数的比重和成功率均有所降低。建议：加强关于拳法技术的理论研究和实践探索,进一步提高拳法技术运用的有效性和成功率,突出重点,形成特色。  相似文献   

武术套路、散打运动员出拳时间比较分析     

李俊浩  邱瑞瑯 《搏击·武术科学》2012,(11):61-64

文章运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、摄像解析法及试验统计法等研究方法,对武术套路、散打运动员出拳时间进行试验、比较分析。结果表明：武术套路、散打运动员出拳平均反应时间分别为0.251秒、0.174秒。武术套路、散打运动员出拳平均预动时间分别为0.392秒、0.476秒。测试中武术散打运动员反映时间占据优势,而武术套路运动员预动时间短,能在最短的时间内使拳到达预定位置。从发生动作反应开始到最后击中目标,武术套路运动员与武术散打运动员在原地出拳项目测试中不具有显著性差异。但是在进步出拳项目测试中差异具有显著性,武术散打运动员全部完成动作所用时间较短。换言之,在实战条件下,武术散打运动员占据优势。  相似文献   

论竞技体育中的“亮剑”精神     

朱清华 《山西师大体育学院学报》2012,27(2):35-36,45

在高水平竞技比赛中,优秀运动员之间不仅是技战术的较量,也是意志品质的较量。而良好的意志品质的形成需要一种精神,那就是爱国主义精神,顽强拼搏的精神,敢于战斗、善于战斗的精神,这就是亮剑精神。  相似文献   

经验、创新体系，进一步加强我国竞技体育后备人才的培养     

王芬  吴希林 《北京体育大学学报》2012,35(4):1-6

通过出国培训、实地考察、查阅文献资料等方法,以中、法两国竞技体育后备人才培养为研究对象,对两国竞技体育后备人才培养理念、培养体制、培养模式、运动员文化教育、保障体系与场地设施建设利用等方面进行了对比分析,旨在为我国竞技体育后备人才培养提供参考。主要研究结论为:法国竞技体育后备人才培养以"人才的全面发展"为基本理念,建立了一整套完善的体制机制,运动员从小能得到良好的文化教育,竞技能力与文化素质均衡发展。此外,法国政府为运动员训练、学习与就业等方面提供全面的服务与保障,有效保证了法国竞技体育的可持续发展,法国竞技体育人才培养经验为我国竞技体育后备人才培养改革与创新提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

“But a champion comes out much,much later”: A sport development case study of the 1968 U.S. Olympic team     

Brennan K. Berg  Rhema D. Fuller  Michael Hutchinson 《Sport Management Review》2018,21(4):430-442

Increasing attention has been given to the effective development of elite athletes. In this inquiry, the authors used a historical case study to ascertain the ways elite athletes were developed in a different era of sport in the United States. Using the attraction, retention, and transition frameworks, the factors that fostered the development of athletes from the 1968 Summer Olympics were drawn out through oral history interviews. In total, interviews with 59 U.S. Olympians were conducted. The results reveal how the athletes experienced supportive recruitment and retention environments, were able to manage the difficulty of developing elite talent, and encountered both challenges and opportunities transitioning through and out of elite sport. This analysis demonstrates how sport development principles are diverse in their temporal relevance and reinforce the practical implications meant to serve the modern athlete. Further, at least some sport development principles could remain constant regardless of how context and elite athlete experiences evolve in the future.  相似文献   

Reliability of lower limb biomechanics in two sport-specific sidestep cutting tasks     

Kam-Ming Mok  Roald Bahr 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(2):157-167

The purpose of this study was to assess the within- and between-session reliability of lower limb biomechanics in two sport-specific sidestep cutting tasks performed by elite female handball and football (soccer) athletes. Moreover, we aimed at determining the minimum number of trials necessary to obtain a reliable measure. Nineteen elite female handball and 22 elite female football (soccer) athletes (M ± SD: 22 ± 4 yrs old, 168 ± 5 cm, 66 ± 8 kg) were tested. The reliability was quantified by intra-class correlations (ICCs), typical error and Spearman’s rank correlation. Only minor improvements in ICC values were seen when increasing the number of trials from 3 to 5. Based on trials 1–3, all variables showed good to excellent within-session reliability (M ICC: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.89–0.93), fair to good between-session reliability (M ICC: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.70–0.76), moderately positive between-session rank correlation coefficients (M: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.69–0.76). A few frontal plane biomechanical variables displayed lower between-session reliability in the football task compared with the handball task. The moderately positive between-session ranking and practically small typical error implies that the measurements could reliably reproduce the ranking of individuals in multiple-session studies. Adequate reliability could be attained from 3 trials, with only minor improvements when adding more trials.  相似文献   

Physical demands of game-based training drills in women’s team handball     

Live S. Luteberget  Hege P. Trollerud  Matt Spencer 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(5):592-598

Game-based training drills are popular in team sports. This study compared two game-based training conditions and official matches in team handball. Thirty-one women players wore inertial measurement units in five training sessions and five official matches. In training, 3vs3 and 6vs6 game-based training conditions were performed with a 5-min duration. PlayerLoad? and high-intensity events (HIEs; >2.5 m · s^?1) were extracted from the raw data. Data were analysed using magnitude-based inferences and reported with effect sizes (ESs). PlayerLoad? · min^?1 from all positions combined was 11.37 ± 0.49 (mean ± 90% confidence limits) and 9.71 ± 0.3 for the 3vs3 and 6vs6 conditions, respectively. Backs (ES: 1.63), wings (ES: 1.91), and pivots (ES: 1.58) had greater PlayerLoad? in 3vs3 than 6vs6. Substantially greater HIE · min^?1 in 3vs3 occurred for all positions. There was substantially greater PlayerLoad? · min^?1 in 3vs3 and 6vs6 than match play for backs, wings, and pivots. Wings (ES: 1.95), pivots (ES: 0.70), and goalkeeper (ES: 1.13) had substantially greater HIE · min^?1 in 3vs3 than match play. This study shows greater PlayerLoad? and HIE in 3vs3 than 6vs6. Both game-based training conditions investigated in this study provide an overload in overall PlayerLoad?; however, additional exercises might be needed to overload HIE, especially for backs and pivots.  相似文献   

The naked truth: disability,sexual objectification,and the ESPN Body Issue     

Charlene Weaving  Jessica Samson 《体育哲学杂志》2018,45(1):83-100

We critically analyze four images of female Paralympians posing nude in ESPN The Magazine’s Body Issue from the years 2009, 2010, 2012, and 2014. Past literature shows that media portrayals of female Paralympians emphasize esthetically pleasing bodies, able-bodied images and asexualization. Weaving’s continuum of sexual objectification was applied to assess the varying degrees of sexual objectification showcased within each image. From a feminist perspective, discourses of heteronormativity and ableism were applied to outline the concerns with female Paralympic representation in The Body Issue. We argue that by normalizing disability and sexual objectification, woman athletes are trivialized.  相似文献   

Pacing profiles of senior men and women at the 2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships     

Brian Hanley 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(12):1402-1406

The purpose of this study was to analyse and compare pacing profiles of senior men and women competing in the 2017 World Cross Country Championships. Finishing and split times were collated for 118 men and 81 women competing over the newly introduced race distance of 10 km (five laps of approximately 2 km). Athletes were grouped according to finishing time, and changes in pace measured using lap times, except between Laps 1 and 2 because of a shorter first lap (times relative to the winner were used instead). Within both men’s and women’s races, groups slowed during the early stages, but then either sped up or maintained pace during the last lap. There were few differences between groups with regard to overall pacing profiles, or between sexes. The men’s fast finish contrasted with slower finishes found in previous editions (over 12 km), and the degree to which women were slower than men (approximately 12%) was very similar to track racing and showed the decision to equalise the distances run by both sexes was sound. As in other distance events, athletes are recommended to try to achieve an even pace throughout, an approach that proved beneficial to both gold medallists.  相似文献   

Champions are racers,not pacers: an analysis of qualification patterns of Olympic and IAAF World Championship middle distance runners     

Brian Hanley  Florentina J. Hettinga 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(22):2614-2620

The aim of this study was to analyse qualification patterns in middle distance running and identify whether athletes adopt theoretically optimal tactics, or whether the will to win overrides these. The performances of 295 men and 258 women finalists in the Olympic and IAAF World Championship 800 m and 1500 m events from 1999 to 2017 were analysed across all three rounds of competition. Finishing position, time and ranking amongst all competitors were found for each athlete. Position in the final was correlated with finishing position in the heats and semi-finals (all P < 0.001), but not with finishing times in those rounds. Of the 57 champions, 40 won both their heat and semi-final, even though a lower automatic qualification position would have been sufficient, and only 18 achieved a season’s best time in the final. The will to win amongst the eventual champions (and other medallists) suggests predominantly ego oriented behaviour that is encouraged by a performance climate, and which did not appear to differ between men and women. Coaches and athletes are recommended to note that championship-specific physiological and psychological factors are important to develop in training and prior competition to improve both short- and long-term championship strategies.  相似文献