Assessment of subtraction scene understanding using a story‐generation task     

Shigehiro Kinda 《教育心理学》2010,30(4):449-464

The present study used a new assessment technique, the story‐generation task, to examine students’ understanding of subtraction scenes. The students from four grade levels (110 first‐, 107 third‐, 110 fourth‐ and 119 sixth‐graders) generated stories under the constraints provided by a picture (representing Change, Combine or Compare scene) and a number sentence. The results showed that the Change scene was the most intuitive, and the students tended to reinterpret Combine and Compare scenes as a form of Change scene, even when they understood that the identity of the objects in the Combine and the Compare scenes was different. The number of students generating correct stories for the Combine scene increased through the elementary school grades while for the Compare scene the number of students generating correct stories remained fairly constant from Grade 3 to Grade 6. This study also examined students’ exposure to subtraction scenes in mathematics textbooks and discussed educational implications for supporting students’ understanding of subtraction scenes.  相似文献   

Students' comprehension of science textbooks using a question‐based reading strategy     

Betty Lou Smith  William G. Holliday  Homer W. Austin 《科学教学研究杂志》2010,47(4):363-379

Despite the heavy reliance on textbooks in college courses, research indicates that college students enrolled in first‐year science courses are not proficient at comprehending informational text. The present study investigated a reading comprehension questioning strategy with origins in clinical research based in elaboration interrogation theory, which outlines how to encourage readers to recall relevant background knowledge while reading text materials. The theory suggests that the strategy increases the likelihood that readers will integrate what they read with what they know to make new knowledge. The setting for the study more closely resembled classroom conditions compared to similar studies in the past. Unlike previous studies on reading comprehension, students read a challenging passage from the textbook used in a science course in which they were enrolled. In addition, the text was longer than that used in clinical research. The college students (n = 294) in this study were randomly assigned to either a questioning strategy treatment or a rereading placebo‐control. While reading, treatment students were presented with statements taken from regular intervals in their textbook (about every 150 words) and asked a simple why question about each of these statements. Significant differences were found favoring elaborative interrogation theory and its question strategy treatment over the placebo‐control in terms of science comprehension even after significant estimated predictors of prior knowledge and verbal ability were statistically controlled or accounted for by removing the statistical contributions of these predictors to the main effects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 363–379, 2010  相似文献   

高中物理课程标准教科书内容难度定量分析——以“量子理论”为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

仲扣庄  郭玉英 《课程.教材.教法》2010,(4)

从影响课程内容难度的三要素入手,讨论了各要素的赋值和内容难度的计算问题。以《普通高中物理课程标准(实验)》为参照,从文本角度对4个版本高中物理教科书中量子理论部分进行内容难度定量分析、比较,结果表明:4个版本教科书的内容难度均高于课程标准,并呈现如下顺序:教科版>人教版>沪科教版>鲁科版,教育行政部门和教师应根据所在地区、学校的情况和学生的认知特点选用教科书,灵活处理教学内容。  相似文献   

略谈中学历史教材编写方法的几个原则     

齐世荣 《课程.教材.教法》2010,(6)

本文初步探讨了中学历史教材编写方法的几个原则。认为:历史教材的编写,必须遵循时间顺序;文字表达要准确、简要明了和生动感人。文章还讨论了初、高中历史教材如何避免重复的问题以及中外历史互相联系的问题。  相似文献   

高中地理新教材处理方法的再思考     

施鲁 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,(3):74-77

上海市普通高中将从2010年开始,首次实行高中地理学业水平考试。面对考试成绩的比较,是恢复传统的讲授式教学,还是坚持新课程“改变学习方式”的理念,成为摆在地理教师面前的一个课题。文章力图通过对新教材处理方法的再思考,寻找到其中的平衡点。通过对教材特点的剖析,对教材内容进行诸如补充、删减、分解、重组、转换等方面的变通处理,把握教学重点、难点,真正实现灵活运用教材。  相似文献   

地学教材的编写与出版值得重视的几个问题     

罗军燕 《中国地质教育》2012,21(3):51-53

教材建设是高校专业建设、课程建设的重要组成部分,是学校开展教学活动的主要成果体现。本文针对我国地学类专业教材的编写与出版方面存在的问题展开讨论,并就教材内容的科学性、针对性、适用性等提出了具体的建议。  相似文献   

Addressing gender equality: enactments of gender and hegemony in the educational textbooks used in Swedish sports coaching and educational programmes     

Daniel Alsarve 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(9):840-852

Sport is often described as a field containing competitive and hierarchy shaping activities. However, in Sweden and elsewhere, this field is also permeated by democratic principles where, for example, everybody has the right to participate in children’s and youth sports regardless of gender, ethnicity or physical ability. In Sweden, there are distinct objectives for gender equality, where women/girls and men/boys should ideally be treated and recognised equally. The aim of this paper is twofold: to examine how gender is enacted in the textbooks used in Swedish sports coaching and educational programmes and to identify whether any of the enactments reflect a hegemonic masculinity. The textbooks used in two of the most extensive courses arranged by the Swedish Sports Confederation, ‘The Platform’ [Plattformen] and ‘Basic Coach Education’ [Grundtränarutbildning] are in focus. The theoretical framework and methodological approach are inspired by research on sport, gender and the hegemonic masculinity thesis. In the process of analysis, the hegemonic perspective is central. During the analysis, four themes are identified as expressions of a hegemonic masculinity and, thus, as obstacles to gender equality. Firstly, the binary sex norm poses a real challenge for the implementation of gender equality because it helps to shape a hierarchy that privileges men and masculinities. Secondly and thirdly, the themes ‘puberty’ and ‘the coach’ appear to be important, in that they support and contest a gendered hierarchy. Finally, there are examples of men, like sport coaches, appearing as genderless, which is interpreted as a hegemonic acceptance of the category of men (as universal and genderless subjects). By critically illuminating these themes, the paper adds to the wider research field of sport, coaching and education programmes and the complexity of gender mainstreaming in sport.  相似文献   

《字课图说》对留学生初级汉字教材编写的启示          下载免费PDF全文

曾  柱张  杰 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2018,(1):102-105

对于初学汉语的外国学习者来说,汉字难学;而对于教授留学生汉字的老师来说,汉字难教。造成汉字难学、难教的一个很重要的原因,就是所使用的汉字教材不够理想。文章以《澄衷蒙学堂字课图说》为例,从书中的插图、重视传统文化、重实用以及内容编排等方面讨论了其对初级对外汉语汉字教材编写的启示,希望为提高汉字教材编写水平,改进汉字课堂教学效果助力。  相似文献   

The representation of colonial discourse in Indonesian secondary education history textbooks during and after the New Order (1975–2013)     

Hieronymus Purwanta 《History of education》2018,47(3):349-361

This study aimed to analyse the text and context of history textbooks that established Dutch colonialism as a determinant factor in the New Order era and later. Two research questions were postulated: (1) Why was the discourse of colonisation maintained in textbooks after the proclamation of independence in 1945? (2) How was the colonial discourse represented in secondary education history textbooks from the six national curriculum reforms? To answer these questions, this study analysed secondary education history textbooks used during five periods of different national curricula from 1975 to 2013. The analysis was conducted using Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The results show that modern professional historians were the producers of the colonial discourse that was reproduced by the textbook writers. These historians established western culture as the ideal model of sociocultural life and constructed Indonesian history as a westernisation process using Dutch colonialism as a determinant factor. Indonesians were narrated into being passive objects.  相似文献   

An analysis of the cultural representation of disability in school textbooks in Iran and England     

Alan Hodkinson  Ali Salami 《Education 3-13》2018,46(1):27-36

The paper details the findings of a study which focused on the analysis of the cultural representation of disability in school textbooks in Iran and England. The paper argues that whilst inclusive education could facilitate the incorporating of disabled pupils into mainstream schools, there needs to be deeper examination as to how this transition should take place for children aged 3–13. The paper suggests that in such examinations, school textbooks might be of significance in familiarising non-disabled pupils, teachers and authorities with the issues related to disability and disabled pupils.  相似文献