高职学生自我控制、归因方式、参与度对其偏差行为的影响研究     

陈蕊花  郑兴 《北京工业职业技术学院学报》2011,10(2):54-57

高职学生偏差行为是值得学校、社会、家庭关注的问题。运用实证研究的方法,对高职学生偏差行为的影响因素分析发现,高职学生的自我控制、归因方式、参与度对其偏差行为有显著的预测力。  相似文献   

冷漠与支持:情境空间视角下的群体性利他行为     

朱荟  吴情操 《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2011,(5):84-90

考察三个广受关注的社会事件个案,从情境空间的视角对群体性利他行为的发生机制进行探究。发现情景空间的制度化程度是解释群体性利他行为的关键因素;在特定的情境空间中,施暴者的负面标定、受害者的"嵌空间"身份、制度化角色的干预以及旁观者的人口特征等因素都是抑制或催发群体性利他行为的影响变量。  相似文献   

泉州出境旅游流空间行为模式研究     

李晓雯  陈雪琼 《安阳师范学院学报》2011,(2):62-67

泉州出境旅游发展较早,出境旅游流已经形成一定的规模。在各个发展阶段,泉州出境旅游流的空间行为模式与北京、广州、上海等大城市有所不同。文章对泉州出境旅游者及业内人士进行抽样调查,探讨泉州出境旅游流的空间行为模式,并根据分析提出优化泉州未来出境旅游空间行为模式的建议。  相似文献   

Attachment insecurity accounts for the relationship between maternal and paternal maltreatment and adolescent health     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

ObjectivesMaltreatment is linked with poor health outcomes. Attachment and affect regulation may mitigate the long-term impact of these adverse experiences on health outcomes. Little is known about the relative impact of maternal versus paternal maltreatment and interparental violence (IPV) on general health status of female and male youth.MethodThe present study examined the impact of exposure to maternal and paternal emotional and physical maltreatment, neglect, IPV, and cumulative maltreatment exposure in adolescence on general physical health problems reported five years later. High-risk youth (N = 179; Mage = 15.34, SD = 1.53; 46.4% female) self-reported maltreatment experiences, attachment insecurity, and affect dysregulation at Time 1; and affect dysregulation and physical health five years later at Time 2.ResultsAttachment insecurity accounted for the effect of maternal and paternal emotional maltreatment, and maternal and paternal cumulative maltreatment exposure, on physical health. Additionally, attachment insecurity accounted for the effect of paternal neglect on physical health. Further sex differences were found with regard to maltreatment type and are discussed.ConclusionBoth maternal and paternal maltreatment in adolescence predicted poor general health five years later via attachment insecurity. Youth who lack a secure attachment with their parents are most vulnerable to these impacts.  相似文献   

The intergenerational impact of trauma and family violence on parents and their children     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundChildren who experience Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) are at an increased risk of becoming a victim of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or a perpetrator of IPV or CAN. Moreover, maltreated children are at risk for developing long-lasting trauma symptoms, which can subsequently affect their own children’s lives. Understanding the mechanisms of the intergenerational transmission of violence and trauma is a prerequisite for the development of interventions.ObjectiveWe examine whether the relation between historical CAN and current trauma symptoms of mothers is mediated by current IPV. Furthermore, we investigate whether current CAN mediates the relation between current maternal trauma symptoms and child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. These mechanisms are compared for mothers and fathers.ParticipantsWe have recruited 101 fathers and 360 mothers (426 children, 50% boys, mean age 7 years) through child protection services.MethodsRespondents completed questionnaires about IPV, (historical) CAN and trauma symptoms.ResultsStructural equation models revealed that historical CAN of father and mothers was related to trauma symptoms. Only for mothers, this association was mediated by IPV. Trauma symptoms of both fathers and mothers were related to child PTSD symptoms. This effect was not mediated by current CAN.ConclusionIn violent families, maternal and paternal trauma can be transmitted over generations. However, intergenerational transmission of violence is found for mothers only. When family violence is reported, professionals should take the violence into account, as well as the history of parents and trauma symptoms of all family members.  相似文献   

‘Snitches get stitches’: School-specific barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting of sexual harm committed by young people in school contexts     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundSchool based, peer-to-peer sexual harm is under-researched despite its prevalence and adverse effects on young people across the globe. Understanding barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting might help towards the prevention and protection of young people.ObjectiveThis study explores dual perspectives of young people and educational staff about school-specific environmental barriers to 1) young people’s disclosure of sexual harm experienced, and 2) young people’s reporting of sexual harm on behalf of others.Participants and setting: Participants include 59 young people aged 13–21 and 58 educational staff, drawn from seven schools across four local authorities in England whom formed part of a wider study on harmful sexual behavior and safety in schools.MethodsFocus groups were carried out with young people and education staff. The sessions were thematically analysed and focused on barriers to disclosure within the school context.ResultsPeer groups set powerful ‘rules’ that influence the ability and willingness of young people to report sexual harm. Some school responses for addressing sexual harm are sub-optimal and sexual harm is not adequately prioritised. Some schools appear to struggle to manage more subtle forms of sexual harm compared with more recognized forms of violence and abuse. A significant proportion of sexual harm is so prevalent that it is ‘normalised’, and therefore under-reported. This resigned acceptance to sexual harm consequently shapes young people’s disclosures.ConclusionsSchool systems of responding to sexual harm require strengthening to increase feelings of safety and empowerment of young people.  相似文献   

The relationship between exposure to family violence in childhood and post-traumatic stress symptoms in young adulthood: The mediating role of social support     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundExtensive research has examined the relationship between exposure to family violence and its long-term mental health effects. Social support has been found to moderate this relationship, but there is a dearth of research on its mediating role.ObjectivesThe article presents the results of a study on the relationship between witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence during childhood and adolescence on the one hand, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) during young adulthood on the other. In addition, the article presents results on the role of social support as a mediator in this relationship.Method, participants, and settingA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 516 Israeli university and college students (90.7% female, and 9.3% male; M age = 24.9, SD = 2.7) using a retrospective, self-administered questionnaire.ResultsThe results revealed that exposure to each pattern of family violence (i.e., witnessing interparental violence and experiencing parental violence) predicted higher levels of PTSS. Furthermore, social support was found to partially mediate the relationship between exposure to family violence during childhood and adolescence and current PTSS as well as its four symptoms, i.e., depression, sleep disturbance, dissociation, and anxiety.ConclusionsThe results of the current study highlight the important role of social support in the association between adversities experienced early in life and young adulthood outcomes. The findings are interpreted on the basis of Conservation of Resources Theory (Hobfoll et al., 1990), which served as the conceptual framework for the study. The limitations of the study and implications for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

Prevalence of family violence and mental health and their relation to peer victimization: A representative study of adolescent students in Southwestern Uganda     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundDespite global efforts to end violence against children in all settings, reports reveal that violence against children is still highly prevalent, especially in low-and middle- income countries. Violence in childhood is associated with a host of negative outcomes, and exposure in one setting can easily spill over to other contexts. For instance, exposure to family violence was not only related to mental health problems but also seems to be a risk factor for peer victimization.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to examine the prevalence of maltreatment within the family and adolescents’ mental health problems and their relation to peer victimization. We also aimed to gain new insights into the perceptions of adolescents concerning maltreatment within their families.MethodsData were collected from April to November 2017 in a representative sample of 702 students from 12 public secondary schools in Southwestern Uganda who responded to self-administered questionnaires.ResultsOverall, 95% of the students experienced at least one type of family violence in the past month. Students (81.3%) had endorsed some level of acceptance of violent discipline as a valid strategy in response to any misbehavior. Maltreatment within the family was related to peer victimization (β = .47) and this relation was mediated by mental health problems (0.002, 95%-CI: 0.001–0.004).ConclusionsThe results indicated a high prevalence of maltreatment within Ugandan families that was associated with peer victimization. This underscores the need to implement interventions aiming to reduce maltreatment and violence in order to protect children from potentially negative consequences.  相似文献   

《非诚勿扰》节目失范行为的传媒环境学解读     

潘娜  杨杰 《湖南大众传媒职业技术学院学报》2011,(4):39-42

传媒环境学派一直将传播媒介视为考量传播效果的关键性因素。将《非诚勿扰》节目中出现的“作秀”、“缺乏真实性”和“言语粗俗”等问题置于传媒环境学视域下进行考察,能发现该节目出现失范行为的本质原因在于电视媒介本身,而非其他。  相似文献   

隐私关注困扰下用户持续使用社交网络的动机解析     

臧国全  周晓倩 《情报理论与实践》2020,43(3):71-77

[目的/意义]社交网络已广泛渗入到人们的日常生活中,用户对所提供个人数据的隐私关注一直存在,但却依然持续使用社交网络,需要解析产生这种现象的原因。[方法/过程]运用社会影响理论,通过解析用户使用社交网络的隐私成本(即隐私关注)和隐私收益(即行为诱导:人际关系管理,自我展示,主观规范),建立隐私权衡模型,分析用户的隐私权衡行为,寻找隐私关注困扰下用户持续使用社交网络的动机。[结果/结论]用户提供个人数据并持续使用社交网络的动机并非是忽略了隐私关注,而是行为诱导(包括人际关系管理和自我展示)的正面影响超过隐私关注的负面影响。  相似文献