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刘小英 《泉州师范学院学报》2006,24(2):29-31
试验了腰果酚醛铁聚合物(PC-Fe)对乙酸-正丁醇酯化反应的催化性能.结果表明,腰果酚醛铁聚合物具有催化合成乙酸丁酯的性能;乙酸与正丁醇反应的最佳条件:n(乙酸)∶n(正丁醇)=1.1∶1,反应温度为112℃~122℃,PC-Fe用量占0.79%(摩尔分数),反应时间4 h,酯得率达到84.3%.yh 相似文献
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为了探讨西安市大气颗粒物在霾天气下水溶性离子的组分特征,2005年9月至2006年9月对西安大气TSP和PM2.5进行了观测研究。结果显示,西安大气TSP和PM2.5在霾天气的总水性离子浓度分别为135.0和72.4µg∙m-3。分析的11种阴阳离子(Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、F-、Cl-、Br-、NO2-、NO3-和SO42-)中SO42-、NO3-、NH4+是TSP和PM2.5中的主要成分,这三种离子占总水溶性离子的百分比霾天气明显高于正常天气。pH测定的结果显示,霾天气大气颗粒物均比正常天气偏酸性。对比了不同天气下的SOR(SO2转化率)和NOR(NOX转化率),发现霾天气SO2和NOX转化率高于正常天气,尤其是SO2在霾天气更易转化为SO42-。 相似文献
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在微生物驯化环境中,聚乙烯醇具有生物降解的潜力。该文综述了PVA生物降解的机理、影响因素、降解性的评价方法,以及降解环境对PVA降解性的影响,并对近年来基于PVA的共聚/共混材料的制备及其生物降解性能的研究进行了较为详细的概述。 相似文献
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Thirty-six daily time interval PM2.5 samples were collected in different seasonal dates in urban Shanghai, and the concentrations of four anions （Cl- , NO3-, SO4^2-, C2O4^2-） and five cations （NH＋, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋） were analyzed with ion chromatography. Sulfate, nitrate and ammonium were found to be the dominant species, accounting for about 80% of the total ions. The daily nitrate to sulfate mass ratio ranged from 0.31 to 0.82, indicating that coal combustion was still the main pollution source in Shanghai. The equivalent ratio of ammonium to stun of nitrate and sulfate showed fixed diurnal variation pattern in all the sampling days with higher values in the nighttime, suggesting that fine particles in the night were more neutralized. The oxalate to sulfate ratio was lower in the winter sampling days than that in hotter summer and autumn sampling days. Oxalate was significantly correlated with sulfate in winter sampling days, but not in the summer and autumn, suggesting that the formation mechanism of oxalate and sulfate was similar in winter, however different in hot days. 相似文献
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干湿交替与荷载作用下CFRP加固混凝土梁的耐久性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对8根持载与恶劣环境作用后的碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)加固混凝土梁进行了试验研究.梁的尺寸为1700 mm×120 mm ×200 mm.首先采用4点分加栽方式对梁进行预裂,卸载后粘贴CFRP片材,然后放入腐蚀环境.影响因素考虑了干湿交替与持载水平(持载水平分别为30%和60%混凝土梁极限荷载).分析了干湿交替单一因素和荷载与干湿交替双重因素对CFRP加固梁的长期性能.试验结果表明:荷载与干湿交替双重因素对CFRP加固梁的承载力和破坏形态影响较大,这主要是由于CFRP与混凝土界面的劣化引起;对CFRP加固梁的刚度几乎没有影响. 相似文献
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基于紧束缚的Su-Schrieffer-Heeger（SSH）模型,利用非绝热的动力学方法,研究了非简并基态和简并基态聚合物中电子极化子与空穴极化子的碰撞过程.研究发现,两极化子并不直接复合形成一个整体,而是在电场的作用下碰撞、分开再相遇形成一个整体,在非简并基态聚合物中这个整体是极化子激子,而简并基态聚合物中是孤子对. 相似文献
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Natural polymers as alternative consolidants for the preservation of waterlogged archaeological wood
In recent years, there has been increased interest in examining alternative polymers for the conservation of archaeological artefacts, particularly waterlogged timbers, providing better, renewable, greener alternatives to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The degradation of PEG consolidants in the timbers of the sixteenth century warship Mary Rose has been examined and the rheological and thermal properties of PEG have been compared with its monomethyl and dimethyl ethers and several polysaccharide consolidants (chitosan, guar, and 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose) in order to evaluate their potential as alternative consolidants for the conservation of waterlogged wooden artefacts. Additionally, the effect of the polymers on the archaeological wood was characterised by thermogravimetric analysis and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results suggest that the future of conservation technologies lies with polysaccharide consolidant materials, which show enhanced compatibility with wooden artefacts with no detectable side effects while also being cheap, with extremely low toxicity, renewable, and sustainably resourced. 相似文献