Getting children to do more academic work: Foot-in-the-Door versus Door-in-the-Face     

Annie Cheuk-ying Chan 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(6):982-985

In this study we explored whether compliance-without-pressure techniques, known to encourage adults to behave more altruistically, can be used to encourage children to do more academic work. Using three different approaches - Foot-in-the-Door, Door-in-the-Face, and Single-Request - we asked 60 6- to 8-year-old Hong Kong Chinese children to complete a 20-item arithmetic worksheet. The Door-in-the-Face technique was the most effective, eliciting the highest percentage of children who agreed to do the target task, requiring the least adult input to sustain engagement in the task, and producing the greatest amount of accurate work.  相似文献   

Academic delay of gratification and children's study time allocation as a function of proximity to consequential academic goals     

Lili Zhang  Stuart A. KarabenickShun'ichi Maruno  Fani Lauermann 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(1):77-94

Students (N = 302) in Chinese elementary schools were assessed regarding their academic delay of gratification (ADOG) and reported the time they devoted to non-school study and playtime during an extended interval prior to taking a high-stakes final exam. Students high compared those low in ADOG were more likely to spend time studying and less time playing several weeks prior to the exam. Growth curve analyses verified, however, that this difference diminished as a function of the temporal proximity to the exam, and that the group differences were non-existent just before the exam. Associations between ADOG and students' academic motivation and use of learning strategies replicated those obtained previously with adults in the USA. Results contribute to the general literatures on volition, homework and the dynamics of conflicting goals and action tendencies.  相似文献   

Help-seeking tendencies during early adolescence: An examination of motivational correlates and consequences for achievement     

Allison M. Ryan  Huiyoung Shin 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(2):247-256

The present study examined the motivational correlates and achievement consequences of students’ help-seeking tendencies during sixth grade (N = 217). Students’ grades were collected from school records at the beginning and end of the school year. Midway through the year students reported on their academic self-efficacy and social demonstration goals; teachers reported on students’ help-seeking tendencies. First quarter grades and academic self-efficacy were positively related to adaptive help seeking and negatively related to avoidant help seeking. In addition, a social demonstration-approach goal was negatively related to adaptive help seeking. Help-seeking tendencies predicted 3rd quarter grades, controlling for 1st quarter grades.  相似文献   

英语教学法课学业成就发展性评价研究     

刘玲 《安徽科技学院学报》2011,25(6):100-103

本文针对高师英语教学法课测试性评价偏重考察学生对知识的认知情况,缺乏对学生在学习过程中的情感态度、应用能力形成性的价值判断,导致学生不能及时地反思和调整自己的学习状态,非智力因素和后继学习的潜能得不到有效地开发等问题展开研究。重点探讨如何运用发展性评价的原则、方法和工具对学生在英语教学法课学习过程中的认知能力、情感态度和动作技能进行科学、全面地评价,旨在证实发展性评价对促进英语师范生综合能力全面提高的良好效应。  相似文献   

Rooted citation graphs density metrics for research papers influence evaluation     

Christos Giatsidis  Giannis Nikolentzos  Chenhui Zhang  Jie Tang  Michalis Vazirgiannis 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(2):757-768

Traditionally, citation count has served as the main evaluation measure for a paper's importance and influence. In turn, many evaluations of authors, institutions and journals are based on aggregations upon papers (e.g. h-index). In this work, we explore measures defined on the citation graph that offer a more intuitive insight into the impact of a paper than the superficial count of citations. Our main argument is focused on the identification of influence as an expression of the citation density in the subgraph of citations built for each paper. We propose two measures that capitalize on the notion of density providing researchers alternative evaluations of their work. While the general idea of impact for a paper can be viewed as how many researchers have shown interest to a piece of work, the proposed measures are based on the hypothesis that a piece of work may have influenced some papers even if they do not contain references to that piece of work. The proposed measures are also extended to researchers and journals.  相似文献   

Gender and research publishing in India: Uniformly high inequality?     

Mike Thelwall  Carol Bailey  Meiko Makita  Pardeep Sud  Devika P. Madalli 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(1):118-131

Women’s access to academic careers has been historically limited by discrimination and cultural constraints. Comprehensive information about gender inequality within disciplines is needed to understand the problem and target remedial action. India is the fifth largest research producer but has a low international index of gender inequality and so is an important case. This study assesses gender inequalities in Indian journal article publishing in 2017 for 186 research fields. It also seeks overall gender differences in interests across academia by comparing the terms used in 27,710 articles with an Indian male or female first author. The data show that there are at least 1.5 male first authors per female first author in each of 26 broad fields and 2.8 male first authors per female first author overall. Compared to the USA, India has a much lower share of female first authors but smaller variations in gender differences between broad fields. Dentistry, Economics and Maths are all more female in India, but Veterinary is much less female than in the USA. There is a tendency for males to research thing-oriented topics and for females to research helping people and some life science topics. More initiatives to promote gender equality in science are needed to address the overall imbalance, but care should be taken to avoid creating the larger between-field gender differences found in the USA.  相似文献   

《2050年高校图书馆尸检报告》解读   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

冯佳  张丽  陆晓曦 《图书馆建设》2011,(2)

《2050年高校图书馆尸检报告》认为,到2050年,高校图书馆传统馆藏将过时,图书馆培训变得没有必要,信息素养成为普通教育的一部分,图书馆工作被纳入信息技术部门,参考咨询服务即将消失,服务质量将屈服于经济压力等。该文的的刊发再一次掀起了图书馆学界对于图书馆消亡论的激烈探讨。  相似文献   

图书馆学科化服务产品体系研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘志刚  江洪  钟永恒  赵晏强 《图书馆建设》2011,(12):68-72

学科化服务产品是学科化服务过程的外在表现形式,是图书馆深层次知识服务的重要体现。从服务理念、服务要素以及服务系统和流程3个方面设计学科化服务产品保证了产品的质量。中国科学院国家科学图书馆从服务内容的角度,构建了由立体式培训模式与信息素养教育平台、全方位咨询服务模式与问题知识库、用户信息环境优化模式与信息服务平台、学科情报服务模式与分析报告、学科馆员能力云建设机制与学科馆员工作平台等产品组成的学科化服务产品体系。  相似文献   

中国学术创新力的多学科比较研究——基于图书馆学、情报学、文献学和信息学作者分布的分析     

马世杰 《图书馆工作与研究》2011,(1):61-65

本文以学术创新力为关联点,对我国1989-2008年图书馆学、情报学、文献学和信息学学术"创新力"论文作者及机构进行计量分析和比较研究,从定量的角度,客观地反映学术创新力的研究热点和发展趋势,为学科资源共享及学科联合建设,增加综合竞争实力提供客观参考依据。  相似文献   

基于相关性判据的学术信息检索系统成功模型建构     

成颖 《现代图书情报技术》2011,(9):46-53

基于相关性判据研究成果、学术信息检索系统特征调研成果、信息系统成功模型(ISSM)以及TEDS模型构建面向相关性判据的学术信息检索系统成功模型,对模型中的关系进行简要分析,并提出研究假设。  相似文献