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41.
42.
Martin Borýsek 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2014,26(3):241-266
Takkanot Kandiyah is a collection of Hebrew-written legislative texts regarding the leadership of the Jewish community of Candia, the capital of the Venetian colony of Crete, which were issued by successive generations of communal leaders between the early thirteenth and late sixteenth centuries. The detailed information it provides on many areas of the communal life makes Takkanot Kandiyah a valuable source for historical research into Jewish life in the medieval and Early Modern Mediterranean. Through a study of the texts contained in Takkanot Kandiyah, this article attempts to identify and analyse the ways in which the leadership of the Candiot community responded to the challenges of coexistence with the Greek inhabitants of Crete and the Venetian rulers of the island, as well as with the Jewish immigrants whom the currents of history brought to Crete from various corners of the Mediterranean, and thus to examine the importance of the “Mediterranean dimension” of the life of Cretan Jewry. 相似文献
43.
Pedro Buendía 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2014,26(2):168-182
The history of ice in medieval Arab societies is obscured behind a mosaic of a variety of references and scholarly citations. Beyond al-Qalqashandī's reference to organised ice trafficking in fourteenth-century Mamluk Egypt, we do not have conclusive evidence on the origin and use of ice as a consumer product. In this paper we trace its presence based on three genres of references: historical and literary quotations, medicine and literature pertaining to food. These references allow us to consider the extent of ice consumption in the Arab world before the ninth century, as well as the existence of an organised trade throughout the Middle Ages from that time. However, contrary to the Persian world, with its well-documented Iranian yakhchals, we still know virtually nothing about ice-houses in medieval Arab societies. We also know very little about the profession of the thallāj or ice-seller, or whether the widespread consumption of ice that originated in Spain in the sixteenth century was in fact a legacy of an earlier trade in al-Andalus. 相似文献
44.
两晋时期描写吟咏乐器、舞蹈、歌唱等的音乐赋创作繁盛。这一时期音乐题材的赋体作品篇制结构及修辞特色,既符合一般小赋创作的规律,但又有自己的特点。多数音乐赋篇幅不大,骈散句式兼有,骈俪句型已大量运用,更讲究词性联对的工整。修辞方面既有这一时期咏物类的一般特色,同时也有音乐所独具的艺术技巧。 相似文献
45.
A.C.S. Peacock 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2014,26(3):267-287
This article examines the frontier between the Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and its Byzantine neighbours in the thirteenth century, concentrating on the place of these frontier districts within the Seljuk state. Scholarship on the frontier, influenced by the ideas of Paul Wittek, has seen it as something of a “no man's land”, politically, economically, culturally and religiously distinct from the urban heartland of the Seljuk sultanate in central Anatolia, dominated by the nomadic Turks, the Turkmen, who operated largely beyond sultanic control. It is often thought that the Seljuk and Greek sides of the border shared more in common with each other than they did with the states of which they formed a part. In contrast, this article argues that in fact the western frontier regions were closely integrated into the Seljuk sultanate. Furthermore, with the Mongol domination of the Seljuk sultanate in the second half of the thirteenth century, the Seljuk and Mongol elites became increasingly involved in this frontier region, where some of the leading figures of the sultanate had estates and endowments. 相似文献
46.
王洪印 《辽宁教育行政学院学报》2008,25(5):30-32
20世纪80~90年代,东欧剧变,苏联解体,冷战大幕徐徐落下,世界格局也随之发生巨大变化.作为世界发达地区的欧洲表现尤为突出.德国统一,东西欧力量更趋失衡,中东欧国家为了摆脱苏联的政治、经济和军事控制,纷纷提出"回归欧洲"的口号.这是经济发展与政治独立的必然,亦是中东欧国家的历史和文化特征使然.叙述欧盟东扩的演进过程,重点分析欧盟东扩的原因,并就欧盟的动态发展给予前瞻性的预测. 相似文献
47.
Totally 789 students from 18 schools (9 primary schools and 9 junior high schools) at a medium managed level from Shanghai,
Wenzhou, and Aojiang, which are located in the Eastern coastal developed areas of China were investigated with the questionnaire
of Hong Kong Classroom Environment Scale in this study. The result indicates that the actual classroom environment in the
Eastern coastal developed areas at the present stage of curriculum reform is as follows. (1) The satisfaction of the students
is above the average. Teachers’ involvement and support are higher than collaboration, classroom order and the student involvement.
(2) There are significant differences between urban and rural areas. The big cities are better than the middle-sized cities,
while the latter are better than the counties in the aspects of collaboration, teacher involvement and support. The big cities
are better than counties, but the counties are better than the middle-sized cities in the aspects of classroom order and student
involvement. (3) The three main types of the actual classroom environment are high, middle and low ones, which distribute
in a descending way in big cities, middle-sized cities and counties. (4) Per capita GDP of a region is a main factor affecting
classroom environment.
__________
Translated from Jiaoyu Xuebao 教育学报(Journal of Educational Studies), 2007, 3(3): 77–85 相似文献
48.
李大钊早期的东西文化观独具特色,既不盲从于全盘西化思潮,也不赞成复兴儒学的观点,而是强调东西文化融通,并视社会主义文明为人类文明的发展方向。但是,受个人思想发展和时代的局限,其早期东西文化观存在一定的不足。成为马克思主义者之后,李大钊逐步克服了地理环境决定论和进化论的影响,深刻反思了西方现代性思潮并纠正了文化救国的片面路线。最终,李大钊的东西文化观产生了质的发展变化。 相似文献
49.
回避制度是刑事诉讼制度的重要部分,本文通过对中外刑事回避制度的渊源、提起回避的方式以及回避适用的对象等几个问题进行比较,对别的国家和地区回避制度有益部分加以借鉴。 相似文献
50.
Kathryn Paige Mike Chartres Alan Kenyon 《International Journal of Educational Development》2008,28(5):524-533
The University of Fort Hare Distance Education Project set out to improve qualifications of primary teachers in rural and township schools in the Eastern Cape of the Republic of South Africa. At the culmination of an 11-year AUSAid collaboration between the University of Fort Hare and University of South Australia a research project to reveal quality educational practice was undertaken. Using oral histories as the methodology, teacher stories were gathered through a sequence of interviews and classroom observations. This collection of oral histories constitutes the basis for the paper. Its research focus has been the science and mathematics practices of eight teachers who typify the many hundreds who participated in the project. This paper explores the use of oral history as a methodology for documenting quality educational practice. 相似文献