德国“卓越大学”理念嬗变及对我国“双一流”建设的启示     

潘黎  邢颖 《教育科学》2020,36(1):66-72

构建"卓越大学"是德国政府为了打造世界一流大学而提出的大学发展要求,经历了初步构想、实践探索和进阶调整三个发展时期。在初步构想时期,德国大学沿袭了侧重科学研究的主线发展思路,开始萌生"卓越大学"的建设构想;在实践探索时期,"卓越大学"的概念和框架开始孕育并逐步发展成型;在进阶调整时期,德国卓越大学以可持续发展为核心主题、以综合性为基本理念、以创新性为重要使命、以具有国际竞争力为根本目标,推进卓越战略实施。经过这三个时期的探索与努力,德国"卓越大学"建设取得了不错的成效。我国可借鉴其相关经验,重视高等教育全阶段各层次多类型人才培养、顺应融合发展大势走合作化发展道路、核准自身定位走富有国际视野的中国特色差异化发展之路、发挥文化传承职能来培育我国"大学核心价值观",使"双一流"建设不断走向"卓越"。  相似文献   

德国职业教育师资培养经验及启示     

费真 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2012,11(4):61-64

德国有非常完善的职业教育师资培养和任职资格考核认定体系,要求教师具备四大领域的能力,并完成12项工作任务。要成为一名职业学校的教师,不仅要有高学历,而且必须有企业工作经验和教育教学能力,要经过三个阶段严格的系统培养,并通过各项考核才能达标。建立我国现代职业教育体系,提高职业教育质量,满足经济社会发展对各类技能型人才的需求,德国的做法和成功经验值得借鉴和学习。  相似文献   

应用德语专业教学质量量化标准研究——以江苏经贸职业技术学院为例     

赵斐  赵卓 《江苏经贸职业技术学院学报》2012,(2):87-89

根据经济社会发展需要,我国高职院校近几年内相继开设了应用德语专业。以江苏经贸职业技术学院应用德语专业为例,提出应以全国德语专业四级考试(PGG)结果作为量化指标来衡量教学质量;找出造成教学质量变化的原因;从就业导向方面分析应用德语专业学生面临的就业前景并提出一些设想。  相似文献   

德语语法上的“疑问句”在日常交流中的应用     

韩薇薇 《天津职业院校联合学报》2012,14(4):59-62,83

德语语法中对疑问句有多种划分。无论如何划分,学习掌握疑问句的意义在于正确地使用它。就疑问句在语法方面和日常交流中的划分和使用进行介绍。对开放式提问（Offene Fragen）、排他性提问（Geschlossene Fra-gen）、选择性提问（Alternativfragen）、反问式提问（Gegenfragen）、修辞式提问（Rhetorische Fragen）以及暗示性提问（Suggestivfragen）等六大类提问（疑问句）配以大量例句,进行了应用研究,并提出实践中需要注意的事项。  相似文献   

英格博格·巴赫曼在中国的译介和研究     

张保宁 《渭南师范学院学报》2012,(11):103-106

英格博格·巴赫曼是奥地利当代最优秀的作家之一,是战后德语文学的杰出代表,在二十世纪德语文坛具有重要地位。巴赫曼的作品表现出非常深刻的时代主题,对西方社会的反思和批判达到了值得关注的思想高度,研究巴赫曼的作品有益于认识二战以来西方社会的思想走向以及社会心理;巴赫曼作品的诗性意识及其表现形式具有新的审美意味和借鉴价值,可以丰富我国的学术研究;通过对巴赫曼作品的介绍和研究,有利于进一步了解和认识德语文学,对于加强外国文学学科建设具有重要意义。  相似文献   

“Each word shows how you love me”: The social literacy practice of children’s letter writing (1780–1860)     

Emily C. Bruce 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(3):247-264

This article draws on hundreds of letters that formed German children’s correspondence with their parents, other relatives, teachers and friends, written mostly between the 1780s and 1850s. Through this study, we see the part literacy played in transformations of bourgeois childhood in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe. The article further investigates how children used letters as a means of learning sociability and building relationships within kinship networks. Historians of education have sometimes treated children’s writing as secondary to more authoritative records. Yet we miss something important about the history of literacy education if we disregard children’s writing or use it only superficially. This article considers the genre of children’s letter writing, exploring the conventions and typical subjects which contributed to the social purpose of correspondence. Letter writing is examined as a paedagogic exercise, including the preoccupation with the medium which filled children’s letters and evidence of instruction in letter writing. It demonstrates that letters fostered the participation of middle- and upper-class children in household affairs, kinship networks and cultural spheres connected through school friends and parents’ acquaintances from very young ages. Children’s correspondence documents a lifelong process in the making of class cultures and forging of social ties.  相似文献   

Practical and conceptual aspects of children’s play in Hong Kong and German kindergartens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shu Chen Wu 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2014,34(1):49-66

This study examines the practical and conceptual dimensions of children’s play in German and Hong Kong Chinese kindergartens. German (n?=?24) and Chinese (n?=?24) children (3–6 years) were randomly selected and videotaped during their free play for 5?min continuously on five consecutive days. Play behavior was analyzed by adopting the Parten-Smilansky play scale. Ten teachers were interviewed to elicit their views on play, learning, and play arrangements. The findings indicate that a significant difference was found between all the play categories of Hong Kong and German children. The most frequent behavior in both contexts is non-playing behavior (Non-Play), which includes completing assignments and onlooker behavior. German children show a slightly higher level in the social and cognitive dimensions of play, compared with their Chinese counterparts. Moreover, there is an association between children’s play and teachers’ views on play and, to some degree, the curriculum foci. This comparative study has implications for the curricula currently under reform, based on consideration of whether play should be applied to or removed from the curriculum.  相似文献   

The Student–Teacher Relationship Scale revisited: Testing factorial structure,measurement invariance and validity criteria in German-speaking samples     

Anne Milatz  Michael Glüer  Elena Harwardt-Heinecke  Gregor Kappler  Lieselotte Ahnert 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

The Student–Teacher Relationship Scale (STRS) is widely used for research in kindergarten and school. The increasing number of applications inside and outside of the U.S. stresses the need to investigate STRS properties, accordingly. The present study used the STRS in German-speaking countries, examining whether (a) the original factor structure is appropriate for a German version, (b) whether applications of a German STRS are invariant across contexts (kindergarten, first and second grade) as well as gender, and (c) whether construct and criterion validity are met. The original STRS was translated into German and filled out by 368 kindergarten and 503 elementary school teachers in Germany and Austria. Observations in kindergartens, student reports in schools, and teacher reports of students’ characteristics served as validity criteria. Results of confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) did not confirm the original STRS factor structure. Subsequent exploratory factor analyses on training samples resulted in significant item reductions, followed by further CFAs on validation samples. The bootstrapped results yielded an adjusted three-factor model with subscales indicating satisfying alphas and invariance across context and gender. Construct and criterion validity were met for all subscales of the German STRS based on various criteria from both, observations and reports.  相似文献   

青年马克思的共产主义理论     

李鹏  姜海波 《哈尔滨学院学报》2014,35(7):6-10

共产主义是马克思理论的重要组成部分。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,马克思在人本主义哲学的大背景下批判地建立起自己的共产主义理论,此时他虽然肯定共产主义的历史合理性,但是仍在共产主义之上设定了社会主义的更高存在。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思在清除掉人本主义哲学背景的同时也放弃了社会主义的更高设定,直接将共产主义规定为特定生产力基础上的社会形态。以《德意志意识形态》作为起点,马克思开始以共产主义者和无产阶级革命家的面目活跃在世界舞台上。  相似文献   

浅议德国职业教育体系结构与经济社会的适应性     

占小梅  王辉 《职教通讯》2013,(25)

德国职业教育,正如其对经济和社会的推动力一样,举世瞩目并处于世界领先水平。通常被称为“经济腾飞的翅膀”、“经济发展的柱石”,甚至是“民族存亡的基础”。德国职业教育与经济社会发展之间的关系非常紧密,其专业结构、层次结构必须适应产业结构、劳动力结构的变化,适应知识经济、信息化社会发展的需要,做到与时俱进,为德国经济发展和社会进步起到了非常重要的作用。通过分析德国职业教育体系结构适应当前经济社会发展的成功经验,为我国构建完备的职业教育体系提供借鉴。  相似文献