A Public Health Knowledge Management Repository that Includes Grey Literature     

Debra Revere  Paul F. Bugni  Sherrilynne Fuller 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2007,23(1):65-70

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快速城市化地区解决环境问题的实践探索——以广州市番禺区为例     

何丽英  张弢 《襄樊学院学报》2011,32(2):51-54

快速城市化伴随着严重的环境问题,是我国普遍存在的现象.广州番禺区在快速城市化过程中积极寻找解决环境问题的办法,从规划、产业结构调整、基础设施建设、环保管理体制和监管能力建设等多方面进行探索和实践,使许多环境问题得到了缓解或基本解决.这些有益的探索和实践可为其他类似地区提供借鉴.  相似文献   

对识字教学的一些思考     

李秀林 《集宁师专学报》2008,30(3):67-70

汉字教学是汉语语文教学中的基础部分。汉字教学的质量直接关系到语文教学的质量,关系到学生掌握语言文字这一工具并促进其他各门知识的学习情况。所以,汉字基础对学生语文水平的提高具有举足轻重的意义。但是,我们通过对内蒙古中西部一些中小学的语文教学现状调查,发现汉字教学这一块儿是一个薄弱环节。尤其是近年来,学生掌握汉字的情况普遍比较差,情况不容乐观。为此,笔者就语文教学中的识字教学谈谈自己的看法,以望引起广大语文教学科研人员足够的重视,从而搞好我们的识字教学,促进语文教学水平的提高。  相似文献   

Community perceptions of home environments that lead children & youth to the street in semi-rural Kenya     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

Research with street-involved children and youth (SICY) in Sub-Saharan Africa over the past three decades has established a complex web of both micro and macro-level factors that simultaneously "push" and "pull" children and youth to the street. There is still little research with adult family and community members in communities from which SICY originate. Forty men and women from five semi-rural villages in Meru County, Kenya participated in a Rapid Rural Appraisal utilizing a fishbone diagram to explore main and underlying reasons for why children may be or may feel unwelcome in the home and thus migrate to the street. Responses were analyzed in terms of ecological levels, child or parent perspective, and the push/pull framework. Overall, community members identified families and households experiencing stress and lacking the necessary resources to successfully adjust and adapt. Four ecological levels of influence were proposed as main reasons, with parent and caregiver factors mentioned most often, followed by household factors, children’s intrapersonal factors, and interpersonal (family) factors. Community and environmental level factors were also proposed as underlying factors. Analysis by gender revealed that both men and women emphasized push factors over pull factors, though men proposed more pull factors (from peers and street life) than women did. Men placed more responsibility on the children than women did, citing children's negative behaviors, dissatisfaction with home, and a desire for independence and work/income. Women, in contrast, emphasized children's feelings of being unloved and the experience of harsh punishment or abuse from caregivers. Findings suggest that interventions to reduce street involvement should support economically, medically, and psychologically vulnerable families and households through comprehensive family strengthening programs that build financial capacity, improve parenting and communication skills, and promote education over child work and labor.  相似文献   

Correlates of Reading Fluency in Arabic: Diglossic and Orthographic Factors     

Elinor?Saiegh-HaddadEmail author 《Reading and writing》2005,18(6):559-582

Arabic native speaking children are born into a unique linguistic context called diglossia (Ferguson, word, 14, 47–56, [1959]). In this context, children grow up speaking a Spoken Arabic Vernacular (SAV), which is an exclusively spoken language, but later learn to read another linguistically related form, Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Forty-two first-grade Arabic native speaking children were given five measures of basic reading processes: two cognitive (rapid automatized naming and short-term working memory), two phonological (phoneme discrimination and phoneme isolation), and one orthographic (letter recoding speed). In addition, the study produced independent measures of phonological processing for MSA phonemes (phonemes that are not within the spoken vernacular of children) and SAV phonemes (phonemes that are familiar to children from their oral vernacular). The relevance of these skills to MSA pseudoword reading fluency (words correct per minute) in vowelized Arabic was tested. The results showed that all predictor measures, except phoneme discrimination, correlated with pseudoword reading fluency. Although phonological processing (phoneme isolation and discrimination) for MSA phonemes was more challenging than that for SAV phonemes, phonological skills were not found to affect reading fluency directly. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the strongest predictor of reading fluency in vowelized Arabic was letter recoding speed. Letter recoding speed was predicted by memory, rapid naming, and phoneme isolation. The results are discussed in light of Arabic diglossia and the shallow orthography of vowelized Arabic.  相似文献   

Deficits in phoneme awareness do not arise from failures in rapid auditory processing     

Michael Studdert-Kennedy 《Reading and writing》2002,15(1-2):5-14

Many studies have found that phonologicaldeficits in poor readers are associated withdeficits in speech perception. Two hypotheseshave been proposed concerning the nature of thelatter: a speech-specific and a generalauditory hypothesis. The main topic of thepaper is the general auditory hypothesis andits special form as proposed by Tallal and hercolleagues (1993). Thepaper reviews the evidence for these hypothesesand finds it to be either purely correlationalor flawed by misinterpretation of resultsand/or lack of necessary experimental controls.Moreover, a recent control study, the first ofits kind, found no support for Tallal's specialform of the general auditory hypothesis. Thepaper concludes that deficits in speechperception often observed in impaired readersare phonetic (speech-specific), not auditory,in origin.  相似文献   

中国城市化进程中的风能资源开发与非并网风电产业基地空间布局模式     

方创琳 《资源科学》2008,30(11):1602-1611

中国正在进入城市化加速发展时期,快速城市化进程和工业化进程加剧了能源短缺和环境污染,寻找替代的清洁能源和可再生能源是改善我国城市以煤为主的能源结构,推动城镇化健康发展的重要途径。中国又是世界上风能资源最丰富的国家,这为改变我国能源短缺和环境污染严重的局面提供了技术和经济上的可能性。本文通过分析在快速城市化背景下我国风能资源与风电基地建设的空间布局格局,提出了我国风能资源开发与风电基地布局的“入”字型空间模式,采用GIS技术选择出与大规模非并网风电紧密相关的七大无碳型高耗能产业基地;提出了由“七点两轴”组成的我国大规模风电开发的点轴空间模式,即集中建设东部沿海风电产业带和三北沿线风电产业带,重点建设东北基地、环渤海基地、长江三角洲基地、珠江三角洲基地、内蒙古东部基地、酒泉基地和北疆基地七大综合型高耗能无碳产业基地。在此基础上,提出了综合型高耗能无碳产业基地重点发展电解铝工业、氯碱化工产业和海水淡化制氢产业的设想,提出了高耗能无碳产业基地建设目标及节能减排目标,规划到2020年,我国风电装机容量将达到10 021×10⁴kW,占全国同期发电装机容量(按照12×10⁸kW计算)的8.35%,占全球风电总装机容量的8.15%。其中非并网风电装机容量3 100×10⁴kW,占风电装机容量的30.93%。七大风电基地的装机容量将占全国风电装机容量的91.7%,占全国风力发电量的96.53%,占全国非并网风电装机容量的8581%。到2020年我国风力发电量达到2 104×10⁸kWh后可节约原煤11 153×10⁴t,可减排CO₂ 21 044×10⁴t,SO₂ 168×10⁴t,NO_x 105×10⁴t,粉尘1 052×10⁴t。该研究为科学引导我国高耗能产业基地与大规模风电基地耦合布局,为进一步加快我国城市化进程,实现节能减排目标,促进城市化健康发展提供科学依据。  相似文献   

快速城市化背景下开放式交通系统对土地利用空间格局的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

毛蒋兴  闫小培  何邕健  李志刚 《资源科学》2008,30(12):1880-1889

以深圳市为研究案例,利用遥感数据、土地利用数据和政府部门资料等多种数据源,引入缓冲区分析和空间叠加等GIS空间分析技术,从定性和定量角度开展了快速城市化背景下开放式交通系统对土地利用空间格局的影响作用。宏观分析结果表明：深圳城市发展过程中开发式交通系统对土地开发有着重要影响作用,交通线路是城市空间拓展的方向和骨架,在交通线路的带动下形成了西部、东部和中部等3条沿交通轴线的“带形”城镇空间密集区域。定量分析结果表明：开放式交通系统对其缓冲区内的土地利用变化有着较强的影响,沿线区域土地利用重新时空分布,土地利用空间格局特征发生较大变化。综合起来可以发现,深圳开放式交通线路对沿线土地利用的空间分布具有强烈的影响作用,沿线区域土地利用空间分布格局发生较大变化,建设用地大量增加并趋向近距离分布,耕地、园地和林地等大量减少并日渐趋向远距离分布。  相似文献   

快速城市化背景下深圳土地利用时空变化的人文因素分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

毛蒋兴  李志刚  闫小培  周素红 《资源科学》2008,30(6):939-948

本文以深圳为研究案例,在评述国内外相关研究的基础上,利用遥感土地利用数据、土地利用详查数据、政府部门资料和实地调查资料等多种数据源,应用定量分析和GIS空间分析技术从定性与定量的角度系统全面地开展了快速城市化背景下城市土地利用变化的人文因素研究。研究结果表明：应用因子分析方法可将影响深圳土地利用变化的因子可归纳为经济发展水平因子、城市化和工业化因子、人口因子和产业结构调整等四个因子;应用线性回归和指数回归等分析方法可将土地利用面积变化率和土地利用变化强度表达为影响因子的函数关系,从函数关系可知各影响因子对深圳土地利用变化的影响作用大小不同,人口、城市化与工业化因子的影响作用较大,经济发展水平和产业结构调整因子其次。  相似文献   

快速课件——图书馆在线信息素质教育的新发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱伟丽 《图书馆杂志》2012,(7):79-83

图书馆在线信息素质教育面临着发展缓慢,层次较低等问题。在明确了图书馆在线信息素质教育存在三个层次的基础上,应从实际出发,推动快速课件的应用。介绍了快速课件的技术与理念与国外大学图书馆信息素质教育中应用快速课件的现状。提出在图书馆信息素质教育中应注意科学的应用快速课件制作工具,并扩大快速课件的应用范围等问题。  相似文献