In search of query patterns: A case study of a university OPAC     

Eng Pwey LauAuthor Vitae  Dion Hoe-Lian Goh 《Information processing & management》2006

A transaction log analysis of the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) OPAC was conducted to identify query and search failure patterns with the goal of identifying areas of improvement for the system. One semester’s worth of OPAC transaction logs were obtained and from these, 641,991 queries were extracted and used for this work. Issues investigated included query length, frequency and type of search options and Boolean operators used as well as their relationships with search failure. Among other findings, results indicate that a majority of the queries were simple, with short query lengths and a low usage of Boolean operators. Failure analysis revealed that on average, users had an almost equal chance of obtaining no records or at least one record to a submitted query. We propose enhancements and suggest future areas of work to improve the users’ search experience with the NTU OPAC.  相似文献   

A novel controller design and evaluation for networked control systems with time-variant delays     

Li Zhang  Fang Hua-Jing 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2006,343(2):161-167

A new delayed state-variable model for networked control systems is presented, upon which a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is designed. A method of delays-estimation online is also given. A fuzzy logic with LQR controller is addressed for the difficulty on implementation of LQR in networked control systems (NCSs) with time-variant delays. Simulation results prove that the novel controller can make the system stable and robustly preserve the performance in terms of time-variant delays.  相似文献   

参考咨询服务在信息时代的拓展   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

王玉波 《情报科学》2004,22(2):172-174

文章首先论述了信息时代参考咨询服务的发展走向，然后论述了面临新的环境，参考咨询服务必须拓展服务方式、服务内容。  相似文献   

Domesticating Computers and the Internet   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jonathon N. Cummings  Robert Kraut 《The Information Society》2002,18(3):221-231

The people who use computers and the ways they use them have changed substantially over the past 25 years. In the beginning highly educated people, mostly men, in technical professions used computers for work, but over time a much broader range of people are using computers for personal and domestic purposes. This trend is still continuing, and over a shorter time scale has been replicated with the use of the Internet. This paper uses data from four national surveys to document how personal computers and the Internet have become increasingly domesticated since 1995 and to explore the mechanisms for this shift. Now people log on more often from home than from places of employment and do so for pleasure and for personal purposes rather than for their jobs. Analyses comparing veteran Internet users to novices in 1998 and 2000 and analyses comparing the change in use within a single sample between 1995 and 1996 support two complementary explanations for how these technologies have become domesticated. Women, children, and less well-educated individuals are increasingly using computers and the Internet and have a more personal set of motives than well-educated men. In addition, the widespread diffusion of the PC and the Internet and the response of the computing industry to the diversity in consumers has led to a rich set of personal and domestic services.  相似文献   

Using the Content of Online Privacy Notices to Inform Public Policy: A Longitudinal Analysis of the 1998-2001 U.S. Web Surveys     

George R. Milne  Mary J. Culnan 《The Information Society》2002,18(5):345-359

In the United States, Congress has had a long-standing interest in consumer privacy and the extent to which company practices are based on fair information practices. Previously, public policy was largely informed by anecdotal evidence about the effectiveness of industry self-regulatory programs. However, the Internet has made it possible to unobtrusively sample web sites and their privacy disclosures in a way that is not feasible in the offline world. Beginning in 1998, the Federal Trade Commission relied upon a series of three surveys of web sites to assess whether organizations post online privacy disclosures and whether these disclosures represent the U.S. definition of fair information practices. While each year's survey has provided an important snapshot of U.S. web-site practices, there has been no longitudinal analysis of the multiyear trends. This study compares a subset of equivalent individual-level web-site data for the 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001 web surveys. Implications for using this type of research to inform public policy are discussed.  相似文献   

Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Storm A. King 《The Information Society》1996,12(2):119-128

Communication researchers and social scientists are quickly discovering the value of data that exists in the postings of members of Internet e-mail, Usenet, and real-time groups. The ability to communicate with one's peers, no matter how esoteric the interests, is causing an explosion in the number of new virtual communities. The interpersonal dynamics of these groups are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of academic research. The publicly available archived records of Internet virtual communities are being analyzed for a wide variety of research interests. The ability to do naturalistic observations of group dynamics, as they are exhibited in these exchanges of text, has captured the attention of many researchers. The institutional review boards of major universities are granting researchers exempt or expedited (exempt from full review) status for this work, due to the public nature of the notes being analyzed. These studies often involve the lack of informed consent, where the group members under study are unaware they are being monitored. There is a potential for psychological harm to the members of these groups, depending on the way results are reported. This article explores the ethical considerations that must be taken into account to protect cyberspace participants. The guidelines proposed are based on the American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for use of human subjects in research. An explanation is offered as to how such guidelines can best be applied to the study of Internet communities. The constructs of Group Accessibility (the public/private nature of the actual cyberspace occupied by a group) and Perceived Privacy (the level of privacy that group members assume they have) are defined and proposed as two dimensions by which individual Internet communities may be evaluated in order to assure the ethical reporting of research findings.  相似文献   

Dialog系统上证券信息的检索     

夏立新 《情报科学》2001,19(4):435-438

本文在介绍Tradeline文档的基础上，探讨了通过Dialog系统的检索证券信息的方法，并指出，在因特网上充斥着大量免费信息的情况下，Dialog系统仍然是证券投资类研究人员重要的情报源。  相似文献   

Epistemic beliefs in action: Spontaneous reflections about knowledge and knowing during online information searching and their influence on learning     

Lucia Mason  Nicola AriasiAngela Boldrin 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(1):137-151

In the present study it was investigated whether high school students are spontaneously able to reflect epistemologically during online searching for information about a controversial topic. In addition, we examined whether activating epistemic beliefs is related to individual characteristics, such as prior knowledge of the topic and argumentative reasoning skill; also whether learning from the Web is influenced by epistemic beliefs in action and the ability to detect fallacies in arguments. The participants (N = 64) were students of Grade 13, who were asked to think aloud during navigation. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. Findings reveal that most participants spontaneously activated beliefs about all four dimensions identified in the literature, that is, about the simplicity/complexity, certainty/uncertainty, justification, and source of knowledge, at different levels of sophistication. Most epistemic reflections were about the source of knowledge. Two patterns of contextualized epistemic beliefs emerged and significantly influenced learning from the Web, which was also affected by participants' ability to identify argumentative fallacies.  相似文献   

网络远程教育的个体生态学研究     

曾祥跃 《现代远距离教育》2011,(6):21-25

从个体生态学视角可以深入研究网络远程教育中生态主体与生态环境间的相互关系。本文以国家远程教育生态系统中的生态主体和生态环境为对象,研究了生态主体与生态环境间的作用机制和作用原理．利用个体生态学的生态适应原理分析了生态主体对生态环境的适应策略,利用花盆效应理论分析了网络远程教育试点中生态主体与生态环境的不协调现象。本研究对于教育行政部门、远程教育院校和校外学习中心如何适应和改造生态环境具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

在线学习活动设计与网络教学平台的功能     

李松  王莉娟 《现代远距离教育》2011,(3):57-59

本文主要论述了网络教学平台在网络教学中的重要地位,并从功能模块和网络课程教学实施的角度分析了网络教学平台的功能,通过调研提出了目前成人学历教育中在线学习活动的类型及特点,最后分析不同类型在线学习活动对网络教学平台的功能要求。  相似文献