重大科技基础设施对学科领域发展影响的计量评价研究——以对撞机为例     

李华东  刘细文  张晶晶 《科技管理研究》2022,(8)

重大科技基础设施（简称重大设施）是具有前沿性、创新性、规模性及影响力的科学研究系统,在国家科技创新体系中占据重要地位。为了深刻认识重大设施的战略价值、充分发挥设施科研潜力、支撑未来设施的统筹布局,需要深入研究其对学科领域发展的影响作用。以专用型重大设施中的对撞机为研究对象,分析其论文成果的引文分布及主题强度演化,研究了重大设施对学科领域发展的影响过程,定义了不同影响类型,并形成了判别不同类型的三维战略坐标。在对比中、日、欧三方对撞机的成果产出和影响情况后,提出了相关政策建议。  相似文献   

Exploring the effect of task instructions on topic beliefs and topic belief justifications: A mixed methods study     

Matthew T. McCrudden  Phillip C. Sparks 《Contemporary educational psychology》2014

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to investigate whether task instructions that asked adolescents to evaluate the merit of both sides of a controversial issue would affect their topic beliefs and topic belief justifications after they read belief-consistent and belief-inconsistent information. In the quantitative phase, we conducted an experiment in which high school students (n = 45) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions and received their respective pre-reading task instructions. Quantitative analyses showed that task instructions affected topic beliefs and belief justifications. However, inspection of topic belief scores within each condition indicated that some individuals’ beliefs became weaker, whereas others’ became stronger. In the qualitative phase, we conducted interviews to explain why this occurred. The interview data revealed two distinct reader profiles: belief-reflection and belief-protection. The data sets were complementary: the quantitative data indicated group differences in topic beliefs and belief justifications, and the qualitative data allowed us to explain differences within and across groups.  相似文献   

"I'd rather not talk about it": adolescents' and young adults' use of topic avoidance in stepfamilies     

Tamara Golish  John Caughlin 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(1):78-106

This study examined adolescents' and young adults' use of topic avoidance with their mothers, fathers, stepmothers, and stepfathers. The types of topics avoided differed according to the type of parent-child relationship. Specifically, adolescents and young adults engaged in the most topic avoidance with their stepparents (regardless of whether the stepparent was a stepmother or stepfather), followed by their fathers, and then their mothers. Quantitative measures indicated that sex was the most frequently avoided topic across all relationship types. Open-ended responses revealed additional commonly avoided topics, including talking about the other parent/family, deep conversations, and money (e.g., child support payments). The most frequently reported reasons for this avoidance were self protection, relationship protection, and conflict. This research suggests that children in stepfamilies face unique decisions about topic avoidance. Communication Boundary Management Theory (Petronio, 1991) was used to explain how adolescents and young adults might engage in topic avoidance to regulate their personal boundaries, constructing relatively impermeable boundaries with some adults while maintaining looser boundaries with others. Finally, numerous practical suggestions are offered for understanding the balance between openness and closedness in stepfamilies and for promoting healthy stepfamily functioning.  相似文献   

Topic Avoidance,Everyday Talk,and Stress in Romantic Military and Non-Military Couples     

Brandi N. Frisby  Kerry Byrnes  Daniel H. Mansson  Melanie Booth-Butterfield  Meagan K. Birmingham 《Communication Studies》2013,64(3):241-257

Relationships are increasingly impacted by military involvement, necessitating a deeper understanding of communication within these couples. This study examined perceptions of everyday talk, topic avoidance, and stress of participants romantically involved with (a) a military partner (n = 118) or (b) a non-military partner (n = 94). Couple types avoided similar topics, but non-military partners avoided these topics more frequently than military partners. Both couple types engaged in everyday talk, but military partners found this communicative exchange to be more important. Non-military partners experienced greater stress than military partners, and communication was predictive of the stress experienced. The results of this study highlight similarities and differences in romantic couples and reveal areas in which relationship education can address these communicative nuances of military couples.  相似文献   

Topic Valence and Ambiguity in Parent-Emerging Adult Child Postdivorce Discussions     

Tara G. McManus  Jon F. Nussbaum 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):195-217

Communication privacy management theory maintains permeability rules manifest as communication strategies used during conversation. Although postdivorce families tend to privilege openness, this conclusion is based on recalled reports and single discussions about negatively valenced topics. To determine whether ambiguity functions as a manifestation of permeability rules and its effects on relational satisfaction and psychological well-being, 39 parent-emerging adult child dyads discussed one negatively valenced and one positively valenced postdivorce topic. Results indicated parents were ambiguous while discussing negatively and positively valenced topics, and children were perceptive of parents' ambiguity during the conversations. No differences were found between parents' use and children's perceptions of parents' ambiguity. Further, children's relational satisfaction and psychological well-being were affected by ambiguity in both discussions.  相似文献   

Factors Associated with General Partner and Relational Uncertainty within Early Adulthood Sibling Relationships     

Jennifer L. Bevan  Kristen A. Stetzenbach  Eric Batson  Kulamo Bullo 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(3):367-381

Guided by the theoretical concept of uncertainty, the present study was an exploratory investigation of general partner and relational uncertainty within sibling relationships. Undergraduate and graduate student participants responded to a written survey utilizing scales measuring general partner uncertainty, relational uncertainty, extent of topic avoidance, and various relational and demographic items. Results revealed that siblings experience significantly more partner uncertainty than relational uncertainty, although both uncertainty types were experienced at low to moderate levels. Further, differing levels of partner and relational uncertainty were associated with frequency of sibling contact, but not with sibling dyadic gender composition. Finally, both general partner and relational uncertainty were significant predictors of levels of general topic avoidance, although neither uncertainty type predicted romantic/sexual relationship topic avoidance levels. Theoretical implications for uncertainty management are discussed in light of the unique sibling relationship.  相似文献   

面向教育技术学文献数据的主题挖掘   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王萍 《现代教育技术》2009,19(5):46-50

对网络环境下海量的科技文献数据进行文本挖掘可以有效地提高科技文献信息的可用性,发现隐藏的知识。LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation)模型是一种能够提取文本隐含主题的非监督学习模型。论文基于LDA模型,以三种国际教育技术期刊在2004-2008年间出版的学术文献为研究对象,进行了主题挖掘和文献分析。  相似文献   

Content analysis of e-petitions with topic modeling: How to train and evaluate LDA models?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Loni Hagen 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1292-1307

E-petitions have become a popular vehicle for political activism, but studying them has been difficult because efficient methods for analyzing their content are currently lacking. Researchers have used topic modeling for content analysis, but current practices carry some serious limitations. While modeling may be more efficient than manually reading each petition, it generally relies on unsupervised machine learning and so requires a dependable training and validation process. And so this paper describes a framework to train and validate Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), the simplest and most popular topic modeling algorithm, using e-petition data. With rigorous training and evaluation, 87% of LDA-generated topics made sense to human judges. Topics also aligned well with results from an independent content analysis by the Pew Research Center, and were strongly associated with corresponding social events. Computer-assisted content analysts can benefit from our guidelines to supervise every process of training and evaluation of LDA. Software developers can benefit from learning the demands of social scientists when using LDA for content analysis. These findings have significant implications for developing LDA tools and assuring validity and interpretability of LDA content analysis. In addition, LDA topics can have some advantages over subjects extracted by manual content analysis by reflecting multiple themes expressed in texts, by extracting new themes that are not highlighted by human coders, and by being less prone to human bias.  相似文献   

基于句子关系图的网页文本主题句抽取*     

何维  王宇 《现代图书情报技术》2009,3(3):57-61

针对网页文本结构信息少、噪声大的特点,将句子看作点,将句子间的相似性看作边,用句子关系图描述文本中句子间的关系。抽取文本主题句的任务转化为搜索图中边最多的点。利用语义词典,将句子相似度定义为句子语义相似度,解决短文本词频相似度低的问题。选用互联网公开语料进行测试,抽取的主题句达到平均80.6%的可接受性。  相似文献   

我国博客研究现状分析     

寇功杰 《新世纪图书馆》2009,(1)

论文通过整理分析我国博客研究的文献,分析我国博客研究的发展、主题内容和学科分布的情况,总结我国博客研究的特点,为博客和博客研究的良性发展提供参考.  相似文献