Positional group significantly influences the offensive and defensive skill involvements of junior representative rugby league players during match play     

Kyle J. M. Bennett  Job Fransen  Brendan R. Scott  Colin E. Sanctuary  Tim J. Gabbett  Ben J. Dascombe 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(16):1542-1546

This study examined the skill involvements of three positional groups across a junior representative rugby league season. Data were collected from 45 rugby league players (mean ± SD; age = 16.5 ± 1.0 years) currently participating in the Harold Matthews and SG Ball Cup. Players were subdivided into hit-up forwards, adjustables and outside backs. The frequency (n · min^?1) of offensive, defensive and overall involvements was coded for each group using a notation system and a practical coach skill analysis tool. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a significant effect of playing position on skill involvements (F = 9.06; P < 0.001; ES = 0.41). Hit-up forwards performed a significantly greater frequency of offensive (0.31 ± 0.10), defensive (0.42 ± 0.15) and overall involvements (0.74 ± 0.19) when compared to adjustables (0.20 ± 0.08, 0.28 ± 0.08 and 0.52 ± 0.15, respectively) and outside backs (0.20 ± 0.12, 0.11 ± 0.07 and ± 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). Further, adjustables performed a significantly greater number of defensive (0.28 ± 0.08) and overall involvements (0.52 ± 0.15) when compared to outside backs (0.11 ± 0.07 and 0.31 ± 0.17, respectively). The findings of this study suggest that it is important to consider a junior player’s positional group when analysing their skill involvements. Information gained from this study could assist in the design of specific training methodologies for junior rugby league players in high-level talent development programmes.  相似文献   

Sprint and jump performances do not determine the promotion to professional elite soccer in Spain, 1994–2012     

Raul Martinez-Santos  Daniel Castillo 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(24):2279-2285

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study are (a) to describe the evolution of neuromuscular performance over an 18 year period within a Spanish elite reserve team; (b) to check if there were any relation between the playing position and sprint and jump performances and (c) to look into the alleged impact of this factor on the top playing level attained by the soccer players. We considered the physical tests (5 m and 15 m sprint times and countermovement jump (CMJ) height) made by 235 players enrolled in the reserve team of the Club from 1994 to 2012 and the highest competitive-level they achieved: Spanish first (n = 39) and second divisions (n = 36) and semi-professional (n = 160). Furthermore, the players were classified according to their playing positions. The main findings were a very-likely/most-likely lower neuromuscular performance (ES = 0.48–0.68, small to moderate) in the last six-season term (2006–2012) than in the first term (1994–2000); possibly/very-likely lower performances in sprinting and CMJ (ES = 0.22–0.55, small) by central defenders (CDs) and midfielders than by other playing positions; very-likely better performances in sprinting and jumping by first and second divisions central defenders than by semi-professional central defenders (ES = 0.90–1.02, moderate). Sprint and jump performances are not a relevant physical parameter to promote to the top level of soccer in Spain except for one in six of the playing positions: CDs.  相似文献   

ATM犯罪探讨     

夏雨  杨子宜 《绵阳师范学院学报》2007,26(4):20-24,33

随着ATM犯罪的不断上升,中国社会各界正面临着这种犯罪带来的诸多危害,也更加关切如何才能有效预防这种犯罪。本文就ATM犯罪的法律界定和其他一些有争议的相关法律问题进行了阐述,并就现在的相关政策作了评议并提出了一些改良建议。  相似文献   

教学风险初探     

王健康 《湖南第一师范学报》2006,6(4):18-20

20世纪50年代以来,随着风险管理这一新兴管理学科的迅猛发展,其走入教学范畴是自然而然的事情。教学风险是指教学的实际结果与预期结果间的偏差。导致或加剧教学的实际结果与其预期结果之间的偏差的原因或条件,被称为教学风险的风险因素。依据不同的分类标准,可以对教学风险进行不同的分类。当前我国应加强对教学风险的研究与应对工作。  相似文献   

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing     

Iouri Bernache-Assollant  Yves Chantal  Patrick Bouchet  Marie-Françoise Lacassagne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):719-725

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.  相似文献   

计算机实验室管理之我见     

刘莞 《福建工程学院学报》2002,(4)

阐述计算机实验室开放过程中管理上存在的问题 ,提出了解决的方案。  相似文献   

一种提高掌纹识别率方法的研究     

吴攀 《教育技术导刊》2007,(3)

掌纹识别是利用人的手掌掌纹图像对其身份进行认证的一种生物特征识别技术,有着巨大的发展潜力。掌纹线中的主线和皱褶是重要的特征,在空间域内掌纹图像中纹理的疏密和深浅,与频域内能量聚集和紧密程度相关。目前的掌纹研究主要集中在就一种掌纹特征的提取算法上如何提高匹配率,而对结合两种以及两种以上的掌纹特征的提取算法,如何提高掌纹识别匹配率的讨论较少。提出了一种有效提高掌纹识别率的方法,即结合点特征的提取和傅立叶变换特征的提取,提高掌纹特征匹配识别率。将该方法与单独使用点特征提取和傅立叶变换提取进行了比较实验,实验结果证明新方法的识别率有明显提高。  相似文献   

平衡计分卡导向下的战略预算管理的思考     

周密  曾维林 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2005,9(4):6-7,28

平衡计分卡是以战略为中心，能将企业战略目标逐级分解转化为各种具体的相互平衡的业绩评价指标体系的一种先进的管理工具。相对于传统的业绩评价和企业战略分析模式，平衡计分卡的创新思维是显而易见的。平衡计分卡非常注重各种利益关系的平衡，它通过财务、客户、内部经营、学习和成长等4个方面的多种指标揭示业绩产生的动因。将其引入到预算管理中，使平衡计分卡的战略优势与预算管理进行充分有效的整合。  相似文献   

墨子尚同说的专制性特征解析——兼及尚同说对韩非君主专制思想的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高建立 《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2005,32(1):16-19

春秋战国之际，墨子针对国与国之间的战争给社会和人民带来的危害，提出了“兼爱”“非攻”的主张，但是，墨子认识到仅仅靠“兼爱”“非攻”的道德说教是不能奏效的，没有一个得到普遍承认和服从的政治权威，不能建立一种新的稳定的政治秩序，要想实现社会的稳定是不可能的，因此墨子提出了“尚同”说，即“一同天下之义”，以最高统治者的是非为根本标准，按照最高统治者的意思行事，“上之所是，必皆是之；上之所非，必皆非之”，对最高统治者即天子的权威要无条件地服从。墨子的“尚同说”具有明显的专制主义特征。“尚同”学说，从古代中国统一的意义上讲具有积极意义，反映了要求制止战争、以达统一的愿望，但是，其学说自身的矛盾性，使他的“尚同”思想抹上了比较浓重的专制主义色彩，并且对后世产生了深刻的影响。韩非作为法家代表人物，继承了墨子的尚同说，建构了封建专制主义集权思想。  相似文献   

汉字形旁类化研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

毛远明 《西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2006,32(6):173-177

形音性质的汉字，在使用状态下，受上下文字形、字义的影响，出现大量的形旁类化字，对汉字系统的变化、汉字与它记录的词语的对应关系、汉字的写词显义功能等方面都产生了较大的影响。形旁类化字与假借字、区别字形式相同，而实质不同。讨论汉字形旁类化问题是汉字发展史研究的一项重要任务。  相似文献