Simultaneous pursuit of discovery and invention in the US Department of Energy     

Anna P. Goldstein  Venkatesh Narayanamurti 《Research Policy》2018,47(8):1505-1512

There is a sharp boundary between basic and applied research in the organizational structure of the US Department of Energy (DOE). In this work, we consider a branch of DOE that was designed to operate across this boundary: the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy (ARPA-E). We hypothesize that much of energy research cannot be neatly categorized as basic or applied and is more productive outside of the confines of the basic/applied dichotomy; ARPA-E gives us an opportunity to test that hypothesis. We construct a novel dataset of nearly 4000 extramural financial awards given by DOE in fiscal years 2010 through 2015, primarily to businesses and universities. We collect the early knowledge outputs of these awards from Web of Science and the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Compared to similar awards from other parts of DOE, ARPA-E awards are significantly more likely to jointly produce both a publication and a patent. ARPA-E has been highly productive in creating new technology, while also contributing new scientific knowledge. This observation points to the productive overlap of science and technology in energy research and, more generally, for mission-oriented research funding organizations.  相似文献   

融入术语知识的专利主题发现方法     

俞琰  赵乃瑄 《图书情报工作》2018,62(21):118-126

[目的/意义]针对专利主题分析中以词为基本单位会造成专利中的多词术语难以被识别、主题模型结果不佳的问题,提出融入术语的专利主题发现模型,以解决该问题。[方法/过程]模型首先引入类别熵,有效地识别出专利文献中的术语;然后利用泛化波利亚瓮模型增加语义相似术语分配到同一主题的概率,以缓解术语作为基本主题模型分析单位所带来的数据稀疏性问题。[结果/结论]实验结果表明本文提出的模型包含的术语信息提高了主题生成的质量,使主题表示具有更强的可读性和主题判别性。  相似文献   

基于大数据挖掘与知识发现的智慧图书馆构建     

陈臣 《现代情报》2017,37(8):85

[目的/意义]为从大数据中发现潜在规律和提取有用的知识,并有效解决图书馆在个性化智慧服务中存在的问题。[方法/过程]面对读者的智慧阅读需求,本文研究了图书馆在个性化智慧服务中应注意的问题,构建了基于大数据挖掘与知识发现的图书馆智慧服务体系,并论述了智慧图书馆各服务层的功能。[结果/结论]该体系可实现资源和服务的高度融合,显著减少系统资源的占用,能够依据读者需求智慧化地定制服务,并为读者提供个性化智慧阅读服务。  相似文献   

面向信息检索的词汇知识发现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

章成志  苏新宁 《现代图书情报技术》2007,2(1):10-14

针对信息检索中词汇知识发现问题，提出面向信息检索的词汇知识发现框架结构，对面向信息检索的词汇的定义、同义词、相关词、排除词等词汇知识获取与挖掘进行详细的介绍，为后续的语义检索研究打下基础。  相似文献