Application of network meta-analysis in the field of physical activity and health promotion     

Xiwen Su  Daniel J. McDonough  Haitao Chu  Minghui Quan  Zan Gao 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2020,9(6):511-520

Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence. As such, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior (i.e., produce the greatest effects) in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions. Indeed, standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity, magnitude, and potential biases in the observed effects. However, pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition. In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes, it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies. The development of network meta-analysis (NMA)—most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials—has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons, even in the absence of direct, head-to-head trials. Thus, it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies. Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion, care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion, describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique, and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field. In this paper, overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided, followed by assumptions related to NMA, opportunities and challenges in NMA, and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA.  相似文献   

跨项选材视角下《运动选材学》通用教材不同版本的比较研究     

龙斌  王家辉  王三保 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(6):72-78

运用文献资料法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法，对《运动选材学》通用教材不同版本的整体结构内容、章节进行纵横竞技体育历史分析，从跨项选材视角下研究《运动选材学》教材体系的发展规律、历史地位、内容体系存在的问题和建立《运动选材学》内容体系的对策，以期为《运动选材学》教材内容体系的建设与发展提供一些有益的理论依据。同时，也为我国备战2020年东京夏季奥运会和2022年北京冬季奥运会提供一定的理论指导。  相似文献   

Digital Module 05: Diagnostic Measurement—The G‐DINA Framework https://ncme.elevate.commpartners.com     

Wenchao Ma  Jimmy de la Torre 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(2):114-115

In this ITEMS module, we introduce the generalized deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate (G‐DINA) model, which is a general framework for specifying, estimating, and evaluating a wide variety of cognitive diagnosis models. The module contains a nontechnical introduction to diagnostic measurement, an introductory overview of the G‐DINA model, as well as common special cases, and a review of model‐data fit evaluation practices within this framework. We use the flexible GDINA R package, which is available for free within the R environment and provides a user‐friendly graphical interface in addition to the code‐driven layer. The digital module also contains videos of worked examples, solutions to data activity questions, curated resources, a glossary, and quizzes with diagnostic feedback.  相似文献   

中美竞技体育国际竞争力比较研究     

朱玉霞 《河北体育学院学报》2020,34(1):37-42

运用双框架模型对中美竞技体育国际竞争力进行比较研究。认为:①从显现性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力一直稳定处于高位,而中国则呈现以2008年为峰顶的倒“U”型发展特征,且与美国还存在一定差距;②从解释性框架分析,美国竞技体育国际竞争力已趋于顶峰,而中国稳步提升;③中国竞技体育发展潜力巨大,但短时间内难以赶超美国;④“举国体制”有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升,但与美国社会办竞技体育的发展模式相比,市场、社会在竞技体育发展中的作用发挥不足,不利于高经济性项目、高欣赏性项目的发展;⑤坚持“举国体制”、承办2022年冬奥会有利于中国竞技体育显现性竞争力的提升和冬季项目的发展,但同样存在竞技体育项目布局转型的困难和群众体育基础薄弱的困境。  相似文献   

A Cross-Cultural and Historical Analysis of Chinese Chui Wan in Comparison to Early Scottish Golf     

Jie Zhang 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(12-13):1356-1368

Abstract

This article explores Chinese chui wan from its earliest manifestation during the Tang Dynasty, through its development, prosperity, and decline during the Qing Dynasty. The similarities and differences between chui wan and early forms of golf in Scotland are compared from a cross-cultural perspective to explore the relationship between these two cultural phenomena. While the two games had very different origins and there is no clear evidence of exposure to chui wan in Scotland, the games themselves were remarkably similar in terms of rules, equipment, venues, and player roles. It is not understood why chui wan disappeared from Chinese society, but it is likely that the development and organizational support of the two games, as well as the cultural and political contexts in which they existed, have resulted in different trajectories for Chinese chui wan and golf. Whilst chui wan has faded away, golf has become a popular game around the world.  相似文献   

提高小学数学学困生成绩点滴谈     

魏敦姬 《教育教学论坛》2020,(3):315-316

通过“心与心的交流和方法与方式的优化”两个方面来阐述如何轻松、愉快、有效、合理地提高小学数学学困生的教学质量。  相似文献   

复杂产品装备关键共性技术合作研发模式研究     

周国华  谭晶菁 《科技管理研究》2018,(6)

针对多阶段多方参与的复杂产品关键共性技术研发,引入技术弹性和扩散度,构建讨价还价动态博弈模型并进行帕累托改进,得到最优利益分配系数、研发主体最优努力水平和政府最优补贴等。研究结果表明,共性技术弹性越大,共性技术研发主体分配的利益越多;最优研发努力水平随技术弹性和扩散度的增大而增加;技术弹性较小时,应选择企业合作模式;技术弹性较大时,政府参与的企业合作模式更优。  相似文献   

国际科研众筹项目的特征描述、主题分析及属性对比:基于Experiment平台的发现     

刘周颖  赵宇翔  巴志超  吴聪  朱庆华 《图书情报知识》2020,(3):71-82

[目的/意义]为了深入了解科研众筹平台中的项目情况,本文对科研众筹项目的基本特征、研究主题和不同类型科研众筹项目的属性对比进行研究。[研究设计/方法]首先对科研众筹的起源、价值和运作模式进行了梳理;随后爬取了科研众筹平台Experiment的项目信息,并对该平台中科研项目的发起者、背书者、项目记录、所属学科、资助情况等进行特征描述;基于LDA模型对科研众筹项目主题进一步细化,并对不同资金筹集和不同主题分类情况下的科研众筹项目的属性差异进行比较分析。[结论/发现]科研众筹主题主要集中在生物学和生态学两个领域,不同资金筹集达成情况的科研众筹项目在项目背书者数量、信息记录次数和讨论次数上具有显著差异;不同主题的科研众筹项目在其讨论次数上具有显著差异。同时,是否提供视频和是否参与资助挑战在不同资金筹集达成情况和不同主题的科研众筹项目上均具有显著差异。[创新/价值]深入分析了科研众筹平台中项目主题及属性对比情况,对科研众筹平台优化信息审核机制、社交机制和信息展示机制具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

国外网上两类分类浏览系统信息标引、用户定位及功能的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔艳华 《现代情报》2005,25(8):173-174

本论文从网络信息资源的组织出发，对国外网上使用文献分类法的分类系统与自编分类系统在信息标引、用户定位及功能方面的不同进行了粗浅的比较研究。  相似文献   

国内外科技中介服务机构的比较与启示   总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33  

娄成武  陈德权 《中国软科学》2003,(5):105-109

分材和比较了国内外科技中介服务机构发展的异同和影响科技中介服务机构发展的宏观背景环境：如初创时间、经济背景、科技水平和文化特征;科技中介服务机构状况,如发展现状、发展模式、运行机制和发挥功能。得出政府扶持、公司制、“四立”与网络化、规范资金管理、合作与交流、重视“上游”与“下游“六方面启示和建议。  相似文献