中国1991年至2007年火力发电-燃煤消耗-SO_2排放关系的分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王淑娜  孙根年 《资源科学》2010,32(7):1230-1235

我国电力工业以火电为主,是煤炭消耗和SO2排放的最大行业。本文依据1991年-2007年有关统计数据,构建了一个"双三角"的概念模型,一方面分析了我国火力发电量与燃煤消耗量、燃煤消耗量与SO2排放量的关系,另一方面分析了发电耗煤强度和燃煤SO2排放强度随时间的变化。结果表明:①火力发电量与燃煤消耗量为二次函数关系,但二次项系数很小,说明我国火电行业还处于外延性的规模扩张阶段;②燃煤消耗量与SO2排放量随我国国民经济"五年"规划呈周期波动,这反映了我国谋求经济增长与环境保护的动态博弈过程;③发电耗煤强度和燃煤SO2排放强度总体呈下降趋势,但当国家放松节能减排政策及关停小火电的步伐放缓时就会出现反弹期。研究结果为认清我国火电行业的节能减排问题提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

多级负荷测试在赛艇训练强度控制中的应用研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴纪宁  黄兴  吴昊 《湖北体育科技》2008,27(1):121-123

以广东省赛艇队参加2005年十运会预赛和2005年世界杯比赛的女子轻量级8名队员为研究对象,观察广东赛艇队在十运会预赛上因某些原因没有达到预期成绩后,教练员通过多级测试乳酸指标对运动强度和训练计划进行及时有效地监控和调整.结果:运动员6000m测功仪成绩明显提高,并在2005年世界杯上取得优异成绩.结论:在赛艇训练中,多级负荷乳酸指标对训练强度的监控和比赛成绩的提高具有重要意义.  相似文献   

College Students' Expectations of Conflict Intensity: A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy     

Benjamin M. DiPaola  Michael E. Roloff  Kristopher M. Peters 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(1):59-76

Before becoming involved in an argument, actors often hold expectations regarding the intensity of the forthcoming conflict. This article examines how the interaction of initiator role and expecting a conflict to be intense is related to accounts of conflict processes and conflict aftermath. Undergraduate students' reports of a recent intense conflict they had initiated or another person had initiated revealed that expectations for conflict intensity were positively associated with the extent to which the conflicts reportedly were emotionally upsetting, involved personal attacks, and subsequently interfered with everyday life. These relationships were of greater magnitude when conflicts were self-initiated than other-initiated.  相似文献   

游泳训练方法的分类与内在关系     

杨杰 《武汉体育学院学报》1997,(3)

不同的游泳训练方法有着各自的特点和发展某一能源系统的供能能力的作用,在实际运用中它们之间又有着密切的内在联系.  相似文献   

田径耐力项目课余训练周期安排的探讨     

张晖  万京一 《首都体育学院学报》2003,15(2):29-31

本文根据我国众多高校课余训练的共性，结合我校多年来的实际情况，针对我校田径耐力项目运动员；课余动l练的阶段为周期安排划分的特点及经验，进行了充分的分析和探讨．这对我们力求寻找到一个更加适合于高校进行田径耐力项目课余训练的新路子以及高校如何科学合理地安排课余训练，充分挖掘高校的潜在实力，为培养更多的优秀大学生运动员提供了有益的依据。  相似文献   

The Conconi test is not valid for estimation of the lactate turnpoint in runners     

Andrew M. Jones  Jonathan H. Doust 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):385-394

Conconi et al. (1982) reported that an observed deviation from linearity in the heart rate-running velocity relationship determined during a field test in runners coincided with the ‘lactate threshold’. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the original Conconi test using conventional incremental and constant-load laboratory protocols. Fourteen trained male distance runners (mean ± s : age 22.6 ±3.4 years; body mass 67.6±4.8 kg; peak [Vdot] O 2 66.3 ± 4.7 ml kg -1 min -1) performed a standard multi-stage test for determination of lactate turnpoint and a Conconi test on a motorized treadmill. A deviation from linearity in heart rate was observed in nine subjects. Significant differences were found to exist between running velocity at the lactate turnpoint (4.39 ± 0.20 ms -1) and at deviation from linear heart rate (5.08 ± 0.25 ms -1) (P < 0.01), and between heart rate at the lactate turnpoint (172 ± 10 beats min -1) and at deviation from linearity (186 ± 9 beats min -1) (P < 0.01). When deviation of heart rate from linearity was evident, it occurred at a systematically higher intensity than the lactate turnpoint and at approximately 95% of maximum heart rate. These results were confirmed by the physiological responses of seven subjects, who performed two constant-velocity treadmill runs at 0.14 ms -1 below the running velocity at the lactate turnpoint and that at which the heart rate deviated from linearity. For the lactate turnpoint trial, the prescribed 30 min exercise period was completed by all runners (terminal blood lactate concentration of 2.4 ± 0.5 mM ), while the duration attained in the trial for which heart rate deviated from linearity was 15.9 ± 6.7 min (terminal blood lactate concentration of 8.1 ± 1.8 mM). We concluded that the Conconi test is invalid for the non-invasive determination of the lactate turnpoint and that the deviation of heart rate from linearity represents the start of the plateau at maximal heart rate, the expression of which is dependent upon the specifics of the Conconi test protocol.  相似文献   

Classification of Industries by Level of Technology: An Appraisal and some Implications     

《普罗米修斯》2012,30(4):417-436

Modern growth theory acknowledges that a country's economic prosperity depends in large part on its capacity for technological innovation. Empirical evidence, however, supports the view that not all sectors are equally innovative. As a result, it seems desirable from a public policy perspective to identify and promote sectors displaying both a high innovation rate and, in an increasingly competitive international economy, a high degree of international competitiveness. It is frequently argued that the high-tech industry sectors, in contrast to low-tech sectors, satisfy both conditions, with the clear implication that public policy should be directed to enhancing the performance of high-tech sectors. This approach raises at least two important issues. The first is whether such classifications can be meaningfully constructed given both the intractability of the concepts involved and the difficulties in data collection. A second issue is the basic assumption that policy emphasis should be placed on technology-intensive industries because they have a greater impact on growth. In this paper, we argue that while it may be possible to construct indices of technological intensity that are useful for some purposes, the ones that are currently proposed do not, in fact, address questions of economic growth and firm performance very well. In part, this is a reflection of the technicalities involved in formulating and operationalising the indices, but it also reflects problems in the underlying premise, namely technology-intensive sectors are more growth-inducing than low-tech sectors. We call, therefore, for the adoption of a more sophisticated and detailed approach that would provide a sensible classification of industries and new policy insights.  相似文献   

企业科技创新与品牌价值关系的实证研究     

王保利  娄永乐 《科技管理研究》2018,(17)

为探明各种科技要素投入和各种科技产出对品牌资产的不同影响,以连续5年进入中国500强企业中的86个企业为样本,分别用科技创新的投入和产出维度与品牌价值做多元回归,结果表明,投入和产出两个维度都正向影响品牌价值,其中研发经费投入存量、研发人员投入存量和研发经费投入强度都正向显著影响品牌价值,但研发人员投入强度的影响不显著;三种专利产出也都显著正向影响品牌价值,且质量高的专利影响更大。  相似文献   

游泳运动员短时间高强度间歇训练中肌氧含量及相关指标的变化特征     

陈万  田诗彬  刘倩  张晓辉  黄超  刘振宇  李岳 《成都体育学院学报》2015,(5):106-110

目的：：探讨游泳运动员短时间高强度间歇训练过程中肌肉氧参数动态变化特征和规律,以及训练前后的血乳酸( LA)、心率( HR)、主观疲劳感觉( RPE)变化及相关性。方法：随机选取山东省游泳运动员(n=15)采用短时间高强度间歇训练模式,全力蹬踏功率自行车30秒、休息120秒、重复进行3次为一组、共2组,组间休息3-4分钟。连续监测受试者短时间高强度间歇训练过程中股外侧肌组织肌氧参数变化;每次全力蹬踏30秒后即刻测试受试者RPE;整个训练过程中实时同步监测HR,并于每次全力蹬踏30秒后即刻读取并记录受试者HR;分别在训练前后即刻取受试者指尖血10μL,测试LA值。结果：(1)全力蹬踏功率自行车过程中股外侧肌组织氧合血红蛋白含量( CHbO2)和局部组织肌氧饱和度( TOI)迅速下降、肌组织还原血红蛋白( CHb )迅速上升;(2)两组短时间高强度间歇训练后LA、HR、RPE都分别显著高于训练前(P<0.01);(3)训练前后的LA、HR、RPE之间具有高度相关性(P<0.01)。结论：(1)可通过近红外光谱技术监控短时间高强度间歇训练过程中肌组织中CHbO2、CHb、TOI动态变化趋势;(2)在短时间高强度间歇训练过程中,可以通过LA、HR、RPE直接有效地监控训练的强度。  相似文献   

Does intensity matter? Preschoolers’ print knowledge development within a classroom-based intervention     

Anita S. McGinty  Allison Breit-SmithXitao Fan  Laura M. JusticeJoan N. Kaderavek 《Early childhood research quarterly》2011,26(3):255

The present study examined the extent to which two dimensions of intervention intensity, (dose frequency and dose) of a 30-week print-referencing intervention related to the print knowledge development of 367 randomly selected children from 55 preschool classrooms. Dose frequency refers to the number of intervention sessions implemented per week; teachers were randomly assigned to either the high-dose frequency condition (four intervention sessions per week) or the low-dose frequency condition (two intervention sessions per week). Dose refers to number of print-referencing teaching strategies used per intervention session and was a naturally varying variable across classrooms. Structural models of children's spring print knowledge showed a significant interaction of dose and dose frequency in relation to children's outcomes. Follow-up analyses showed that the benefit of providing four versus two print-referencing sessions per week disappeared when teachers were providing a relatively intense number teaching strategies within sessions (i.e., the dose was high). Considered differently, findings also show that increasing the number of print referencing teaching strategies within a session (i.e., the dose) related positively to children's print knowledge development, but only when the weekly number of intervention sessions were low (i.e., two intervention sessions weekly). Overall, findings show that there is a benefit to increasing the dose or dose frequency of the print referencing intervention, but increasing both aspects of intervention intensity appeared to have a diminishing benefit to children's learning. Findings empirically support the multi-dimensional nature of intervention intensity and implications for research and practice are discussed.  相似文献