同期力量和有氧训练对青少年中长距离游泳运动员运动能力影响     

张智涛 《体育科技文献通报》2022,(2)

本研究以8名青少年中长距离游泳运动员为研究对象,分为2组,在以中低强度有氧为主的训练阶段A组4人穿插每周3次的力量训练,B组4人仅安排1次力量训练,在干预前后分别以5×200m递增负荷测试评价各区域运动能力的变化,探讨力量训练对运动能力的影响。研究表明,力量干预后,A组运动员最大摄氧量强度(BLa=8mM)对应的游速平均提高幅度为3.15%,高于B组运动员的0.65%;无氧阈强度(BLa=4mM)对应的游速A组提高幅度为1.87%,低于B组运动员的4.07%;低强度有氧(BLa=2mM)对应的游速提高幅度为0.51%,与B组运动员的0.18%相近。上述结果提示,为期2个月、每周3次的力量训练干预对运动员最大摄氧量强度运动能力表现出较好的改造效果,但对无氧阈及以下强度的运动能力未表现出额外效果。  相似文献   

军事五项50m障碍游泳的训练内容与重点     

邓运龙 《军事体育进修学院学报》2014,(2):124-125

介绍了50 m障碍游泳单项的项目特点;指出了体能训练、技术训练、心理训练的内容和重点,并对常见训练问题提出了解决办法。  相似文献   

游泳初学者产生”惧水”心理问题因素及对策研究     

吴迪  刘华斌  刘小军 《湖北体育科技》2014,(9):825-826

如何了解教学中初学者的心理状态及各种心理活动规律,及时掌握情绪和心态变化,并结合教学实践,运用科学合理的教学方法,是提高游泳教学质量的关键。  相似文献   

Growth influences biomechanical profile of talented swimmers during the summer break     

Marc F. Moreira  Jorge E. Morais  Daniel A. Marinho  António J. Silva  Tiago M. Barbosa 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(1):62-74

This study aimed to analyse the effect of growth during a summer break on biomechanical profile of talented swimmers. Twenty-five young swimmers (12 boys and 13 girls) undertook several anthropometric and biomechanical tests at the end of the 2011–2012 season (pre-test) and 10 weeks later at the beginning of the 2012–2013 season (post-test). Height, arm span, hand surface area, and foot surface area were collected as anthropometric parameters, while stroke frequency, stroke length, stroke index, propelling efficiency, active drag, and active drag coefficient were considered as biomechanical variables. The mean swimming velocity during an all-out 25 m front crawl effort was used as the performance outcome. After the 10-week break, the swimmers were taller with an increased arm span, hand, and foot areas. Increases in stroke length, stroke index, propelling efficiency, and performance were also observed. Conversely, the stroke frequency, active drag, and drag coefficient remained unchanged. When controlling the effect of growth, no significant variation was determined on the biomechanical variables. The performance presented high associations with biomechanical and anthropometric parameters at pre-test and post-test, respectively. The results show that young talented swimmers still present biomechanical improvements after a 10-week break, which are mainly explained by their normal growth.  相似文献   

Unsteady flow phenomena in human undulatory swimming: a numerical approach     

Steffen Pacholak  Stefan Hochstein  Alexander Rudert  Christoph Brücker 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(2):176-194

The undulatory underwater sequence is one of the most important phases in competitive swimming. An understanding of the recurrent vortex dynamics around the human body and their generation could therefore be used to improve swimming techniques. In order to produce a dynamic model, we applied human joint kinematics to three-dimensional (3D) body scans of a female swimmer. The flow around this dynamic model was then calculated using computational fluid dynamics with the aid of moving 3D meshes. Evaluation of the numerical results delivered by the various motion cycles identified characteristic vortex structures for each of the cycles, which exhibited increasing intensity and drag influence. At maximum thrust, drag forces appear to be 12 times higher than those of a passive gliding swimmer. As far as we know, this is the first disclosure of vortex rings merging into vortex tubes in the wake after vortex recapturing. All unsteady structures were visualized using a modified Q-criterion also incorporated into our methods. At the very least, our approach is likely to be suited to further studies examining swimmers engaging in undulatory swimming during training or competition.  相似文献   

游泳运动对慢性心理应激大鼠延髓内皮素及其受体的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于新凯  左群  赛因贺西格  孙庆文  陆爱云 《上海体育学院学报》2008,32(1):39-43

目的:研究运动对慢性心理应激大鼠延髓内皮素(ET)及其受体的影响,探讨延髓心血管中枢———头端腹外侧区和孤束核中内皮素及其受体在慢性心理应激过程中变化的意义和机制。方法:将雄性SD大鼠随机分为C组(对照组)、C S组(对照加游泳运动组)、R组(规则光—电刺激组)、I组(不规则刺激组,)、I S组(不规则光—电刺激加游泳运动组),建立运动对光—电刺激大鼠慢性心理应激影响模型。结果:慢性心理应激过程中,随着应激程度的提高,延髓心血管中枢的头端腹外侧区及孤束核ET含量逐渐下降,ETmRNA的表达变化方向与ET一致,提示慢性心理应激可导致中枢内相关部位ET表达的下调;与ET的变化趋势不同,应激程度的提高可使延髓心血管中枢的头端腹外侧区及孤束核ET受体ETR—A含量逐渐提高,游泳运动使受体的含量与ET含量更趋于合理,可防止在慢性心理应激过程中枢相关部位的过度兴奋或抑制,维持其调节心血管活动的正常功能。  相似文献   

影响浙江省普通高校游泳课程开设的相关因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈雄山 《浙江体育科学》2007,29(3):54-56

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法、资料统计分析法等方法,对浙江省高校的游泳场地及开展情况进行综合研究。研究表明:影响浙江省高校游泳课开设前三位的因素是场馆的缺乏、师资的缺乏及安全保障问题。针对其存在的问题,提出一些建议,以便更好地开展浙江省高校的游泳运动。  相似文献   

网络多媒体在游泳教学中的运用     

马珊  顾俊杰 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2005,19(4):91-93

以往的常规教学已经远远不能满足现代教学的需要，用什么手段能更好的实现教学目的、提高教学效果？就这一问题，在我校游泳的普修课中采用网络多媒体教学，结合水中实践练习进行运用。经过两年的不断摸索、认真实践和广泛运用，收到了较好的效果。对制作和运用——蛙泳网络多媒体的教学课件的实际情况、效果进行了分析和探讨。  相似文献   

对游泳教学中漂浮滑行技术原理及动作结构的研究     

程龙  李洪勇 《湖北体育科技》2005,24(2):201-202,205

在相关参考文献和实践经验总结的基础上,运用理论推论与分析相结合的方法对游泳教学中漂浮滑行技术原理及动作结构的研究,结果说明:漂浮滑行是人体水中平卧展体,重心浮心平衡理论与人体状态反射效应的有机结合,认识其中奥妙并掌握科学的动作结构对于游泳教学有重要指导作用。  相似文献   

北京高校游泳运动开展的现状调查与分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖龙  刘银斌  陆淳 《山西师大体育学院学报》2005,20(4):101-103

从北京市高校游泳队参加全国“第七届大运会”成绩落后着手,以2004年北京市高校游泳比赛为起点,对北京市各高校开展游泳运动的现状进行调查,力求寻找出北京市高校游泳水平落后的原因,并探寻解决这种落后处境的最佳途径。  相似文献