Associations between individual and collective efficacy beliefs and students' bystander behavior     

Björn Sjögren  Robert Thornberg  Linda Wänström  Gianluca Gini 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(11):1710-1723

This study examined whether defending and passive bystanding during peer victimization episodes were associated with individual- and classroom-level efficacy to stop peer victimization. Self-report survey data were analyzed from 1,467 Swedish fourth-grade students (mean age = 10.55) from 100 classrooms in 63 schools. Multilevel analyses revealed that, when witnessing peer victimization, students more often defended victims if they were high in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms high in collective efficacy. In contrast, students were more likely to remain passive if they were low in defender self-efficacy and if they belonged to classrooms low in collective efficacy. Taken together, our findings suggest that efficacy beliefs both at the individual and at the classroom level contribute to explaining variability in students' bystander behaviors, which has potential implications for prevention and intervention work.  相似文献   

Value for learning during this time of transformation: the first-year students’ perspective     

Shalini Dukhan 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(1):39-52

ABSTRACT

Formal education was used by the apartheid government to prepare black South Africans for manual labour, thus there was little curricular focus on the development of higher-order cognitive skills. With the abolition of apartheid in 1994, the education system was re-valued and re-evaluated to provide wider access to quality education; the focus of education policies moved towards the development of self-regulation and higher-order cognitive skills for all learners. There is now a generation of learners who have experienced their schooling in the transformed education system, and it would be useful to understand, from their perspective, what they value in their development of learning within the higher education space. This study answers the question ‘Post-apartheid, what learning methods and resources do first-years perceive to be valuable to their learning when they enter university?’ Participants included 344 students taking a Biology course provided to medical science students at a South African university in 2018. Two questionnaires were administered towards the end of a six-week lecture period, responses were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. The first survey, comprised of Likert-style questions, was conducted to determine the students’ views on the mechanisms which they used to support their learning. The second questionnaire comprised open-ended questions and focused on the students’ perception of their learning experience in the course. The findings show that there was a significant (p?<?.001) percentage of first-years who thought that rote-learning would suffice for examination preparation at university, and preferred to engage with their peers and the textbook before they engaged with their lecturers when navigating challenging concepts. Schwartz's model of social values is used to show that more needs to be done for the development of higher-order thinking and self-regulation when students enter university, and to mitigate alienation between students and staff.  相似文献   

科技论文撰写与审稿   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈沙沙  周园 《衡阳师范学院学报》2006,27(3):185-188

针对撰写科技论文的几个环节进行了论述,并对科技论文审稿的内容作了分析。  相似文献   

Associations between different forms of peer victimization and school absences: The moderating role of teacher attachment and perceived school safety     

Anne Williford  Paula Fite  Kathleen Diaz  Mehar Singh 《Psychology in the schools》2021,58(1):185-202

Given the significant negative impacts of peer victimization on youth development, studies have sought to understand what buffers against these consequences. To that end, the present study examined whether teacher attachment and perceptions of school safety moderated the associations between different forms of victimization and school absences over the course of an academic year among a sample of 272 high school students. Findings indicated that teacher attachment moderated the associations between relational and cyber victimization and absences, while perceived school safety moderated associations between relational victimization and absences. However, findings pertaining to cyber victimization were not as anticipated. Implications for prevention and intervention efforts in high schools are discussed.  相似文献   

The impact of alternative authentic assessment outcomes in Palestinian fourth grade math classrooms     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2021

Focusing on evaluating students’ performance in basic math classrooms, the researchers in this study examined the impact of alternative assessments on learning outcomes in fourth grade Palestinian classrooms. Representing a large sector of education in the Palestinian territories, fourth grade students were randomly selected to participate in the study in which they participated in various math instructional and assessment activities throughout multiple lessons and cycles. Alternative assessment approaches were used including student self- assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment in terms of three main achievement levels to measure the extent to which students learned the math concepts by recall and remembrance, ability to apply, and making inferences. Mixed Design ANOVA measures were used to analyze and interpret the results which showed significant trends and correlations across the four cycles of math instruction and indicated that alternative authentic assessment methods have had a positive impact on students’ learning and application of math. Implications for integrating authentic assessment measures as well as peer and self- assessments were drawn in light of the promising outcomes of augmenting student motivation and developing critical life-long skills.  相似文献   

父母消极控制与反馈对青少年社会适应的影响:黑暗人格与同伴关系的链式中介作用     

张杉  金灿灿 《中国特殊教育》2021,(2)

为探究父母消极控制与反馈、黑暗人格、同伴关系、社会适应的关系以及其内部作用机制,对1934名中学生采用整群施测法进行问卷调查。结果发现:1.父母消极控制与反馈、黑暗人格和积极社会适应呈显著负相关,和消极社会适应呈显著正相关;同伴关系和积极社会适应呈显著正相关,和消极社会适应呈显著负相关。2.控制了家庭社会经济地位的影响后,黑暗人格、同伴关系在父母消极控制与反馈对社会适应的影响中起链式中介作用。该研究验证和拓展了家庭社会化和社会学习等理论在青少年社会适应影响机制中的应用。  相似文献   

高职学生党支部朋辈帮扶的路径与对策     

张翔博 《科教导刊》2021,(1):97-98

高职院校中学生的年龄大体相当,而对于部分学生来说教师的说教式教导很容引起学生的反感,实践证明在高职院校中进行学生党支部朋辈帮扶活动相较于教师的指导在一程度上更有效果.但是部分高职院校由于缺乏经验,在制度和方法上的缺陷导致高职学生党支部朋辈帮扶活动开展的不尽如人意.为了解决这个问题,本文在对高职学生党支部朋辈帮扶活动实施现状进行分析的基础上,探讨了高职学生党支部朋辈帮扶活动开展的意义,重点研究了高职学生党支部朋辈帮扶的策略.  相似文献   

用"第三只眼"看科技学术期刊审稿人   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

赵更吉  马宇红 《编辑学报》2006,18(5):362-363

在肯定科技学术期刊审稿人重要作用的前提下,认为绝大多数审稿人是值得颂扬的,其奉献精神值得刊社人员学习,但也有少数审稿人因种种原因不能很好地承担审稿任务,刊社在使用审定意见时必须慎重.  相似文献   

科技期刊编辑如何把好论文的学术质量关   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

徐红 《编辑学报》2006,18(4):260-261

科技期刊的编辑在处理稿件的过程中,首先要选择好审稿人,对于返回的审稿意见要准确把握;要起好作者与审稿人之间的桥梁作用,使作者与审稿人之间有适当的意见交流;要在编校过程中积累经验,注意对文章中试验材料和方法、图表、数据以及参考文献的审读与加工.  相似文献   

技术研发项目中同行专家评议产生非共识的原因分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郝凤霞  刘静岩陈忠 《中国软科学》2004,(12):92-96

各级政府的科技主管部门,因为要指导、资助技术研发活动,常常要组织同行专家对R&D的项目进行评价.而"非共识"在项目立项和对最新研究成果的评价中是普遍存在的.本文认为由于技术本身的不确定性和风险性、评者与被评者之间的信息非对称性和鸿沟以及同行评议自身的弊端是致使非共识技术研发项目出现的根源.  相似文献