Introduction: Scientific and Technological Textbooks in the European Periphery     

José Ramón Bertomeu-sánchez  Antonio García-Belmar  Anders Lundgren  Manolis Patiniotis 《Science & Education》2006,15(7-8):657-665

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图书馆信息服务与科技论文质量的相关性研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨春华  Olle Persson 《图书情报工作》2005,49(1):54-56,89

通过对中瑞两国医学论文引文数量、时间以及被引次数的分析,量化说明中国科技论文与发达国家相比存在的质量差距。认为中国医学论文依据的信息不足,所提供信息量少,利用信息时间滞后,从而影响到科研论文的可信度和新颖性,使论文的可利用价值低。分析形成的原因,指出图书馆信息保障能力影响着科技论文质量和创新。  相似文献   

Editorial     

Roland S. Persson 《High Ability Studies》2001,12(1):5-6

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Instructional design for advanced learners: Establishing connections between the theoretical frameworks of cognitive load and deliberate practice     

Tamara van Gog  K. Anders Ericsson  Remy M. J. P. Rikers  Fred Paas 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2005,53(3):73-81

Cognitive load theory (CLT) has been successful in identifying instructional formats that are more effective and efficient than conventional problem solving in the initial, novice phase of skill acquisition. However, recent findings regarding the “expertise reversal effect” have begun to stimulate cognitive load theorists to broaden their horizon to the question of how instructional design should be altered as a learner's knowledge increases. To answer this question, it is important to understand how expertise is acquired and what fosters its development. Expert performance research, and, in particular, the theoretical framework of deliberate practice have given us a better understanding of the principles and activities that are essential in order to excel in a domain. This article explores how these activities and principles can be used to design instructional formats based on CLT for higher levels of skills mastery. The value of these formats for e-learning environments in which learning tasks can be adaptively selected on the basis of online assessments of the learner's level of expertise is discussed. In their preparation of this article, the first and last authors were supported by an Internationalization grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO, The Hague, project number 411-01-010).  相似文献   

Together I Can! Joint Attention Boosts 3- to 4-Year-Olds’ Performance in a Verbal False-Belief Test     

Elia Psouni  Andreas Falck  Leni Boström  Martin Persson  Lisa Sidén  Maria Wallin 《Child development》2019,90(1):35-50

Effects of joint attention were addressed on 3- to 4-year-olds’ performance in a verbal false-Belief Test (FBT), featuring the experimenter as co-watcher rather than narrator. In two experiments, children (N = 183) watched a filmed-FBT jointly with a test leader, disjointed from a test leader, or alone. Children attending jointly with a test leader were more likely to pass the FBT compared with normative data and to spontaneously recall information indicating false-belief understanding, suggesting that joint attention strengthens the plausibility of the FBT and renders plot-critical information more salient. In a third experiment (N = 59), results were replicated using a typical, image-based FBT. Overall findings highlight the profound impact of experimenter as social context in verbal FBTs, and link recall of specific story features to false-belief understanding.  相似文献   

Professionalisierung im Sportmanagement     

Georg Anders 《Sportwissenschaft》1998,28(3-4):435-439

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Does immigration background matter? How teachers’ predictions of students’ performance relate to student background     

Axinja Hachfeld  Yvonne Anders  Sascha Schroeder  Petra Stanat  Mareike Kunter 《International Journal of Educational Research》2010,49(2-3):78-91

Accurate teacher evaluations of student performance are crucial for effective teaching. This study examined whether students’ immigration and language background affect teachers’ evaluations. Multilevel analyses tested whether teachers overestimate the performance of immigrant relative to that of non-immigrant students. As part of the German PISA 2003 assessment, 305 teachers predicted the performance of seven of their students on two mathematics problems of different linguistic complexity. Results revealed an interaction effect of students’ language background and linguistic complexity of the problem on teachers’ predictions. Teachers overestimated the performance of bilingual students more than the performance of monolingual immigrant or non-immigrant students on a linguistically complex problem. Teachers need to consider both students’ language background and linguistic demands of the material used to appropriately support bilingual students.  相似文献   

Managing the teaching–research nexus: ideals and practice in research-oriented universities     

Lars Geschwind  Anders Broström 《高等教育研究与发展》2015,34(1):60-73

This paper demonstrates that while ideals of close linkages between research and teaching are widely embraced in research-oriented universities, a practice of division of labour between teaching-oriented and research-oriented staff persists. In an investigation of how the research–teaching nexus is managed at three Swedish universities, we identify a perceived misalignment between institutional incentives for individual academic staff and the needs of teaching. Under pressure from such tensions, managers are forced to deploy pragmatic strategies for the staffing of undergraduate education tasks. This includes allowing research needs and agendas to take priority over teaching needs. While managers seek to secure the participation of senior researchers in education, they often actively prefer to delegate the bulk of teaching activities to less research-active staff. Such strategies seem to reinforce existing patterns of division of labour among academic staff.  相似文献   

从引用和被引情况看中国科技论文质量-与瑞典的比较     

杨春华  Olle Persson  颜世刚  李书宾 《中国科技论坛》2003,(6):110-113,131

通过对中瑞两国医学论文引文数量和时间的比较，以及对非英语国家发表论文的被引次数、期刊影响因子及国际排名的比较，发现中国科技论文与发达国家相比，确实存在着可以量化的差距：课题研究依据的信息和论文提供的信息量少，引用信息时间滞后，从而影响到科研论文的可信度和新颖性。质量差距是我国科技论文被引率低的真正原因。  相似文献   

Ethics and technology design     

Anders Albrechtslund 《Ethics and Information Technology》2007,9(1):63-72

This article offers a discussion of the connection between technology and values and, specifically, I take a closer look at ethically sound design. In order to bring the discussion into a concrete context, the theory of Value Sensitive Design (VSD) will be the focus point. To illustrate my argument concerning design ethics, the discussion involves a case study of an augmented window, designed by the VSD Research Lab, which has turned out to be a potentially surveillance-enabling technology. I call attention to a “positivist problem” that has to do with the connection between the design context and the use context, which VSD seems to presuppose, and I argue that it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the two, since the designers’ intentions do not always correspond with the users’ practice; in fact, the relation between design and use is very complex and principally unpredictable. Thus, a design theory must accept that foresight is limited to anticipation rather than prediction. To overcome the positivist problem, I suggest a phenomenological approach to technology inspired by Don Ihde’s concept of multistability. This argument, which is general in nature and thus applies to any theory of design ethics, is intended as a constructive criticism, which can hopefully contribute to the further development of design ethics.  相似文献