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Arik Segev 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2017,49(1):89-98
Phillip Cam recently published a study on the separation between the teaching and learning of classic school curriculum (CSC) on the one hand and morality on the other. He suggests an approach to integrate them. The goal of this article was to suggest a complementary alternative approach, to Cam’s. Based on a MacIntyrean paradigm, I argue that seeing the CSC (such as math, biology, literature and history) as ‘practices’ would also enable that integration. This approach differs from the one proposed by Cam, since it preserves the structure of the CSC. Nevertheless, I will demonstrate how this approach leads to a number of changes in the formation, teaching and learning of school curriculum. As background, I will briefly describe R.S. Peters’ attempt to find an internal justification for the teaching and learning of school curriculum and point to some weaknesses it contains. My proposal can be understood as deriving from the same principle, of another famous educational initiative, Mortimer Adler’s ‘Great Book Project’. Toward the end of the article, I will demonstrate why Adler’s project differs from mine, and why it does not meet the goal of integrating learning school curriculum with moral education. 相似文献
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Neyir Ozcan M. Syed Ali J. Yogambigai Quanxin Zhu Sabri Arik 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(3):1192-1216
This paper is concerned with the problem of robust synchronization of a class of complex dynamical networks with time-varying delays and reaction–diffusion terms. To reflect most of the dynamical behaviors of the system, the parameter uncertainties are considered. A sampled-data controller with m stochastically varying sampling periods whose occurrence probabilities are given constants is considered. The control objective is that the trajectories of the system by designing suitable control schemes track the trajectories of the system with sample-data control. It is shown that, through Lyapunov stability theory, the proposed sample-data controllers are successful in ensuring the achievement of robust synchronization of complex dynamical networks even in the case of uncertainity and Markovian jumping parameters. By utilizing the Lyapunov functional method, Jensen’s inequality, Wirtinger’s inequality and lower bounds theorem, we establish a sufficient criterion such that, for all admissible parameter uncertainties, the complex dynamical network is robustly synchronized. The derived criteria are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities that can be easily checked by using the standard numerical software. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed results. 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of an increasing-distance, interval-training programme and a decreasing-distance, interval-training programme, matched for total distance, on aerobic and anaerobic physiological indices. Forty physical education students were randomly assigned to either the increasing- or decreasing-distance, interval-training group (ITG and DTG), and completed two similar relevant sets of tests before and after six weeks of training. One training programme consisted of increasing-distance interval-training (100–200–300–400–500?m) and the other decreasing-distance interval training (500–400–300–200–100?m). While both training programmes led to a significant improvement in VO2 max (ES?=?0.83–1.25), the improvement in the DTG was significantly greater than in the ITG (14.5?±?3.6 vs. 7.8?±?3.2%, p?<?.05). In addition, while both training programmes led to a significant improvement in all anaerobic indices (ES?=?0.83–1.63), the improvements in peak power (15.7?±?7.8 vs. 8.9?±?4.7), mean power (10.6?±?5.4 vs. 6.8?±?4.4), and fatigue index (18.2?±?10.9 vs. 7.0?±?14.2) were significantly greater in the DTG compared to the ITG (p?<?.05). The main finding of the present study was that beyond the significant positive effects of both training programmes on aerobic and anaerobic fitness, the DTG showed significant superiority over the ITG in improving aerobic and anaerobic performance capabilities. Coaches and athletes should therefore be aware that, in spite of identical total work, an interval-training programme might induce different physiological impacts if the order of intervals is not identical. 相似文献
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In this article, the authors analyze the popular search queries used in Google and Yahoo! over a 24-month period, January 2004–December 2005. They develop and employ a new methodology and metrics to examine and assess the digital divide in information uses, looking at the extent of political searches and their accuracy and variety. The findings indicate that some countries, particularly Germany, Russia, and Ireland, display greater accuracy of search terms, diversity of information uses, and sociopolitical concern. Also, in many English-speaking and Western countries most popular searches were about entertainment, implying a certain gap within these countries between the few who search for economic and political information and the many who do not. 相似文献
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Sabri Arik 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(1):276-291
This paper investigates the problem for stability of neutral-type dynamical neural networks involving delay parameters. Different form the previously reported results, the states of the neurons involve multiple delays and time derivative of states of neurons include discrete time delays. The stability of such neural systems has not been given much attention in the past literature due to the difficulty of finding Lyapunov functionals which are suitable for stability analysis of this type of neural networks. This paper constructs a generalized Lyapunov functional by introducing new terms into the well-known Lyapunov functional that enables us to conduct a theoretical investigation into stability analysis of delayed neutral-type neural systems. Based on this modified novel Lyapunov functional, sufficient criteria are derived, which guarantee the existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point of the neutral-type neural networks with multiple delays in the states and discrete delays in the time derivative of the states. The applicability of the proposed stability conditions rely on testing two basic matrix properties. The constraints impose on the system matrices are determined by using nonsingular M-matrix condition, and the constraints imposed on the coefficients of the time derivative of the delayed state variables are derived by exploiting the vector-matrix norms. We also note that the obtained stability conditions have no involvement with the delay parameters and expressed in terms of nonlinear Lipschitz activation functions. We present a constructive numerical example for this class of neural networks to give a systematic procedure for determining the imposed conditions on the whole system parameters of the delayed neutral-type neural systems. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the problem of the global robust asymptotic stability of the class of dynamical neural networks with multiple time delays. We propose a new alternative sufficient condition for the existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point under parameter uncertainties of the neural system. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point by using the Homomorphic mapping theorem. Then, by employing a new Lyapunov functional, the Lyapunov stability theorem is used to establish the sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point. The obtained condition is independent of time delays and relies on the network parameters of the neural system only. Therefore, the equilibrium and stability properties of the delayed neural network can be easily checked. We also make a detailed comparison between our result and the previous corresponding results derived in the previous literature. This comparison proves that our result is new and improves some of the previously reported robust stability results. Some illustrative numerical examples are given to show the applicability and advantages of our result. 相似文献
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Selection to programmes for gifted students in Israel, performed in the second grade, relies on raw ability and achievement test scores, irrespective of age, thereby ignoring the well-known effect of within-grade age differences on test scores. Employing the entire cohort of third graders of legal age (67,366 students, 1.4% of whom were enrolled in a gifted programme) in 2011, this study examined the relationship between chronological age and the probability of acceptance to programmes for the gifted in Israel. The results reveal an almost perfect correlation between chronological age and the probability of being selected for a gifted programme (r2 = 0.92): older students have approximately 3.5 times greater chance of acceptance than younger students. Reliance on raw ability and achievement test scores, unadjusted for age, in selection to gifted students programmes is thus shown to be biased in favour of older students and to unintentionally discriminate against younger students. 相似文献
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Textual computer-mediated communication gives rise to conversational multitasking—participation in several concomitant synchronous textual conversations. This study examined how this communication competence is affected by several visual parameters—the distance between conversation windows, number of windows, and window size. Results show that comprehension of concomitant textual conversations is not affected by the distance between conversation windows, and that the advantage of separating conversation threads into distinct windows is greater when overall window size is larger. This study considers the implications and applications of these results to communicative multitasking phenomena, in general, which become prevalent in technologically advanced societies. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the stability problem of a class of neutral-type neural networks with constant time delays. By constructing a proper Lyapunov functional, a novel sufficient condition for the global stability of the equilibrium point for the class of neutral-type neural systems is presented. The obtained stability condition is expressed in terms of the system parameters of the network, and therefore, it can be easily verified. We also give a comparative numerical example to show the applicability of the result and demonstrate its advantages over the previously published corresponding stability results. 相似文献
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