Adverse Events Reported From  COVID-19 Vaccine Trials: A Systematic Review     

Rimple Jeet Kaur  Siddhartha Dutta  Pankaj Bhardwaj  Jaykaran Charan  Sameer Dhingra  Prasenjit Mitra  Kavita Singh  Dharmveer Yadav  Praveen Sharma  Sanjeev Misra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(4):427

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Computational Thinking and Media & Information Literacy: An Integrated Approach to Teaching Twenty-First Century Skills     

Sarah Gretter  Aman Yadav 《TechTrends》2016,60(5):510-516

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The origin and direction of industrial R&D in India     

Ashok V. Desai 《Research Policy》1980,9(1):74-96

This paper surveys the trends in industrial R&D in India over the last two decades. It shows that there has been a rapid rise in R&D expenditure and a shift in its composition towards in-house corporate R&D and away from R&D in government laboratories, which is explained by the laboratories' lack of market orientation and manufacturing experience. According to cross-section studies of corporate R&D, larger companies aim towards larger technological advances and take a longer view; but the overall composition of corporate R&D shows no discernible change. This apparent inconsistency is explained by the development of the technology market. Much R&D was triggered off by the need for import replacement arising from import controls till 1965 and later by the need for product diversification in the recession. But construction of new plants and mechanization for speeding up operations, activities where sustained R&D can yield large firms a steady flow of innovations, were unimportant or infrequent, and the demand for technology they gave rise to was largely met by imports.  相似文献   

Bancroftian filariasis in south east Madhya Pradesh: Pre-control epidemilogical observations     

Vandana Dixit  Ashok V. Kurup  A K Gupta  O M Kataria  G B K S Prasad 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(1):39-43

Lymphatic filariasis caused byWuchereria bancrofti is a major health problem next only to malaria. A study had been conducted to estimate the prevalence of microfilaraemia in a rural endemic community near Raipur. The incidence of microfilaramia in the community was found to be about 14% when studied by night finger prick method. The incidence appears to be more in males as compared to females. The infection rate in vector population i.e.,Culex quinquefasciatus was recorded at a rate of 10%. No relationship could be drawn between the rates of vector and human filarial infections or between the density of vector population and the rate of vector/human infection(s). Prior health education is essential before taking up control and preventive measures in given endemic zone.  相似文献   

Distribution of Methionine Synthase Reductase (MTRR) Gene A66G Polymorphism in Indian Population     

Upendra Yadav  Pradeep Kumar  Vandana Rai 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):23

Methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) is an important enzyme of the folate/homocysteine pathway. It is responsible for regulation of methionine enzyme by reductive methylation. A common variant A66G is reported in the FMN-binding domain of the MTRR gene, which leads to substitution of isoleucine by methionine (I22M) in MTRR enzyme with reduced activity. Reduced catalytic activity of enzyme leads to high homocysteine concentration in blood and increases risk for numerous diseases. The frequency of A66G polymorphism varies in different ethnic groups. The present study has been designed to evaluate the frequency of MTRR A66G gene polymorphism in the Eastern UP population by PCR–RFLP method. Along with this we also performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the global prevalence of this polymorphism. Databases were screened to identified the eligible studies. The prevalence of the G allele and GG genotype was determined by the use of prevalence proportion with 95% CI. Open meta-analyst software was used for the meta-analysis. Total 1000 blood samples were analyzed, the frequencies of A and G alleles were 0.35 and 0.65 respectively. Meta-analysis results revealed that the prevalence of G allele and GG genotype were 49.4% (95% CI 40.6–58.1, p ≤ 0.001) and 24.3% (95% CI 17.8–30.9, p ≤ 0.001) respectively. In sub-group meta-analysis, the lowest frequency of G allele was found in South America (32.7%; 95% CI 14.1–51.3, p ≤ 0.001), and highest in Asia (56.4%; 95% CI 39.5–73.3, p ≤ 0.001). The results of the meta-analysis showed that the Asian population has the highest frequency of G allele and highest frequency of the GG genotype was found in the European population.  相似文献   

A passion for portraits: Elizabeth Cay's pastels     

Thea Burns  Ashok Roy 《文物保护研究》2014,59(5):279-288

Elizabeth Cay (1771–1831), the grandmother of the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), was a talented amateur pastellist; several of her pastel portraits survive as does her set of pastels. She studied with Archibald Skirving (1749–1819), a Scottish miniature painter who later in life turned to larger-scale portraiture in pastel and served as drawing master to the Edinburgh elite. Cay's pastels are not fabricated sticks but consist of powdered pigment housed in various glass and ceramic containers and were apparently applied by stumps, still in her workbox, or brushes. The Cay color samples were identified by spectrographic analysis, polarized light microscopy, and microchemical tests which, in addition, indicated that a number of pigment mixtures present gave specific hues in keeping with earlier treatise accounts of the preparation of a pastel gamut for practical use. Elizabeth Cay's pastel workbox may be rare surviving evidence of one way, more common that we appreciate today, in which amateurs, and perhaps professionals, practiced pastel painting.  相似文献   

Antarctic Harsh Environment as Natural Stress Model: Impact on Salivary Immunoglobulins, Transforming Growth Factor-β and Cortisol Level     

K. P. Mishra  A. P. Yadav  Lilly Ganju 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2012,27(4):357-362

The Antarctic continent on the planet Earth is full of environmental extremes. It is considered as natural stress model. Therefore, the present study examined the effect of harsh environment on the certain salivary markers of 28th Indian Antarctic expeditioners. Thirty healthy men and women (median age 36 year; range 22–61 year) participated in this study. Parameters measured were salivary IgA (SIgA), IgM (SIgM), TGF-β and cortisol level at three different time points: (I) before leaving India on 26th October 2008 for base line level; (II) after 1 month on-board journey on 31st January 2009 in Southern Ocean and (III) after 1 month staying at Maitri, Antarctica on 3rd March 2009. Our observation indicated that Ship borne journey and Antarctic environment increased the SIgA levels while that of SIgM level was not altered on-board but decreased by staying for 1 month at Antarctica. No significant alteration was found in the TGF-β and cortisol level at any point of time. The present study concluded that ship borne journey and Antarctic environment may induce the SIgA level while SIgM level decreased in environmental extremes of Antarctica.  相似文献   

Cord Blood Insulin Levels: It’s Correlation with Gender,Birth Weight and Placental Weight in Term Newborns     

Afzal Ahmad  Rukmini Mysore Srikantiah  Charu Yadav  Ashish Agarwal  Poornima Ajay Manjrekar  Anupama Hegde 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(4):458-462

The cause of more insulin resistance in female than males are still unknown. To know the cause from early life, normal values of relevant parameters are required. So, aim of this study was to determine the reference levels of glucose and insulin in cord blood of term newborns and to examine their effects on gender, placental and birth weight of term newborns. In cross sectional study 60 consecutive term newborns were included from constituent hospitals. Placental and birth weights were measured and cord blood was collected for estimation of serum insulin and plasma glucose. Plasma glucose estimation was done by auto analyzer (GOD–POD method) and serum insulin analysis was done using Insulin ELISA Kit. After analysis, mean ± 2SD used for estimating cord blood insulin and glucose levels, which were 10.1 ± 7.8 μIU/mL and 67.8 ± 33.8 mg/dL respectively. Correlation of insulin with both birth weight and placental weight were r = 0.359 and 0.41 respectively; p < 0.001. Interestingly we found higher insulin levels in females as compared to male newborns in spite of having lower birth weight in them. In conclusion this study reported the levels of insulin and glucose in cord blood of term newborns. Incidentally, this is the first study as per our knowledge to report significant correlation between cord blood insulin, glucose with birth weight, placental weight and gender in south India. Female newborns had higher insulin levels than males, despite lesser birth weight can be attributed to intrinsic insulin resistance in them.  相似文献   

The diffusion of ideas in the academy: A quantitative illustration from economics     

Shaun P. Hargreaves Heap  Ashok Parikh 《Research Policy》2005,34(10):883-1632

It has long been recognised in policy discussion that the influence of new ideas depends not just on their generation but also on the way in which they diffuse through society. However, while the spread of new ideas in industry has been much studied, there are no similar quantitative studies on diffusion within the academy. This paper addresses that gap by providing quantitative evidence on the adoption of two techniques for empirically testing hypotheses in economics. On the basis of this evidence, and contrary to a common expectation, the spread of ideas seems neither straightforward nor especially rapid in the academy.  相似文献   

Effect of thiazide drug compound on the testicular protein and cholesterol contents of albino rat     

Hemlata Yadav  P. K. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):206-208

In this study the effect of thiazide diuretic compound on the protein and cholesterol contents in the testes of albino rats as the experimental model. The drug thiazide was administered orally daily for 10,20 and 30 days at the dose of 100mg/kg body weight. Total protein decrease in the testes of rats were evidenced may be due to the side effects of thiazide drug compound which is linked with the hyponatremia and protein metabolism. An elevated level of cholesterol contents observed in thiazide treated rats also revealed that the side effect of drug compound thiazide and also may be due to the stimulation of catecholamine which is stimulated therefore, the biochemical estimation such as protein and cholesterol in the testes after the thiazide treatment determined the effectiveness of diuretic drug compound would provide clinical evidences of their side effects.  相似文献