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Phonological awareness has been demonstrated by numerous researchers to be one of the most powerful predictors of subsequent reading success. By considering these predictors as a starting point, the relations between children's phonological awareness developed at the pre-reading stage and their reading skills were examined and the influences of the features of various language systems and orthographies upon children's phonological awareness and subsequent reading abilities were studied. The results are important for developing new methods for teaching reading. In this research, besides studying the relationship between the development of children's phonological awareness and their subsequent reading skills, how the children's linguistic and orthographic characteristics of English and Turkish effect phonological awareness and subsequent reading success were also analysed. The aim was to recommend the most appropriate method for teaching reading and writing to children acquiring literacy in Turkish. The research was designed as a survey model. The participants of the study were 94 Turkish students (46 girls and 48 boys) attending two public primary schools and two public kindergartens in Istanbul during the 1994-95 educational year and 44 American students (17 girls and 27 boys) at different ages attending a public primary school and its kindergarten in Duluth, Minnesota. In this study, their scores in letter identification tasks (upper-case and lower-case letter identification), letter usage tasks, decoding tasks and various phonological awareness tasks were compared. Turkish and American students' scores in all tasks, as to grade, language and language unit variables were also analysed, and two-way ANOVA and correlations were also obtained. Whether grade, language and language unit independent variables and their interactions cause significant distinctions between the groups' scores was examined. The results of this study indicate that while Turkish kindergarten students are less successful than American students in the decoding tasks, Turkish primary school students score higher compared with American children at the same grade level. When the scores of Turkish and American students in phonological awareness tasks were compared, it was found that Turkish students scored higher in both grade levels than American students and it was ascertained that, particularly as the children became literate, the phonological awareness ability of Turkish students increased considerably. These results point to how the spoken language affects the development of phonological awareness and the contribution of this ability to learning to read in alphabetic writing systems. Il a été établi par de nombreuses études que la reconnaissance phonologique est l'un des prédicteurs les plus puissants de la réussite ultérieure en lecture. En prenant ces prédicteurs comme point de départ, on a examiné les relations entre la reconnaissance phonologique développée par les enfants à l'étape de la pré-lecture et leurs compétences en lecture, ainsi que l'influence des caractéristiques phonologiques et orthographiques de certaines langues sur la reconnaissance phonologique des enfants et leurs compétences ultérieures en lecture. Les résultats sont importants si l'on veut élaborer de nouvelles méthodes d'enseignement de la lecture. Dans cette étude, en plus de l'examen des relations entre le développement de la reconnaissance phonologique des enfants et leurs compétences ultérieures en lecture, on a analysé les conséquences des caractéristiques linguistiques et orthographiques de l'anglais et du turc sur la reconnaissance phonologique et la réussite ultérieure en lecture. L'objectif était de recommander des méthodes appropriées d'enseignement de la lecture et de l'écriture aux enfants de l'enseignement primaire turc. L'étude a été conçue sur le modèle d'une enquête. Les participants étaient quatre-vingt quatorze élèves turcs (46 filles et 48 garçons) de deux écoles primaires publiques et deux écoles maternelles d'Istanbul pendant l'année scolaire 1994-1995, et quarante-quatre élèves américains à divers âges (17 filles et 27 garçons) d'une école primaire publique et sa section maternelle à Duluth, Minnesota. Dans cette étude, on a comparé les notes qu'ils ont obtenues lors de tâches d'identification des lettres (reconnaissance des minuscules et des majuscules), tâches d'emploi des lettres, tâches de décodage et diverses tâches de reconnaissance phonologique. On a également analysé les notes obtenues par les élèves turcs et américains pour toutes les tâches, par variable d'année d'études, langue et unité de langue, et des analyses de variance et des corrélations dans les deux sens ont été obtenues. On a étudié si les variables indépendants d'année d'études, langue et unité de langue et leurs interactions causaient des distinctions significatives sur les résultats des groupes. Les résultats de cette recherche indiquent que, bien que les élèves turcs de maternelle réussissent moins bien aux tâches de décodage que les américains, les élèves turcs de niveau primaire obtiennent de meilleurs résultats que les américains de même année d'études. Lorsqu'on a comparé les notes des élèves turcs et américains en matière de reconnaissance phonologique, on a trouvé que les élèves turcs avaient de meilleures notes, aux deux niveaux scolaires, que les américains, et on a observé que, surtout à mesure que les enfants apprenaient à lire et écrire, la capacité de reconnaissance phonologique des élèves turcs augmentait considérablement. Ces résultats indiquent comment la langue parlée affecte le développement de la reconnaissance phonologique et le rôle joué par cette capacité dans l'apprentissage de la lecture dans les systèmes d'écriture alphabétiques. Numerosas investigaciones han demostrado que la conciencia fonológica es uno de los predictores más poderosos del éxito para leer subsiguiente. Teniendo en cuenta estos predictores como punto de partida, se examinaron las relaciones entre la conciencia fonológica de los niños desarrollada en la fase de prelectura y sus habilidades de lectura y se estudiaron las influencias de las características de los diferentes sistemas de lenguaje y de las ortografías en la conciencia fonológica de los niños y las habilidades de lectura subsiguientes. Los resultados son importantes para desarrollar métodos nuevos para enseñar a leer. En este trabajo de investigación, además de estudiar la relación entre el desarrollo de la conciencia fonológica de los niños y sus habilidades de lectura subsiguientes, también se analizó cómo las características ortográficas y lingüísticas del inglés y del turco de los niños afectaron a la conciencia fonológica y al éxito para leer subsiguiente. El objetivo fue recomendar el método más adecuado para enseñar a leer y a escribir a los niños que estuvieran aprendiendo a leer y a escribir en turco. El trabajo de investigación se diseñó como si se tratara de una encuesta. El número de participantes fue de noventa y cuatro alumnos turcos (46 niñas y 48 niños) de dos escuelas primarias del estado y de dos jardines de infancia también del estado de la ciudad de Estambul durante el curso académico 1994-1995 y de cuarenta y cuatro alumnos americanos (17 niñas y 27 niños) de diferentes edades que asistían a una escuela primaria del estado y a su correspondiente jardín de infancia en Duluth, Minnesota. En esta investigación, se compararon los resultados que obtuvieron en las Tareas de Reconocimiento de las Letras (Reconocimiento de las Letras Mayúsculas y Minúsculas), en las Tareas de Utilización de Letras, en las Tareas de Decodificación y en varias tareas de Conciencia Fonológica. También se analizaron los resultados de los alumnos americanos y turcos en todas las tareas, en lo que respecta al grado/curso, lenguaje y variables de la unidad de lenguaje y también se obtuvieron correlaciones y "two way ANOVA" (análisis de variaciones bidireccionales). Se estudió si el grado/curso, lenguaje y las variables independientes de la unidad de lenguaje y sus interacciones causaron diferencias importantes en los resultados de los grupos. Los resultados de esta investigación indican que aunque los alumnos turcos del jardín de infancia tienen menos éxito que los alumnos americanos en las tareas de decodificación, los alumnos turcos de enseñanza primaria obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones comparados con los alumnos americanos del mismo nivel de curso. Cuando se compararon los resultados de los alumnos americanos y turcos en las tareas de conciencia fonológica, se encontró que los alumnos turcos obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones en ambos niveles de curso que los alumnos americanos y se estableció que especialmente a medida que los alumnos aprendían a leer y escribir, la habilidad de la conciencia fonológica de los alumnos turcos aumentaba considerablemente. Estos resultados indican como el lenguaje hablado afecta al desarrollo de la conciencia fonológica y la contribución de esta habilidad para aprendar a leer en los sistemas de escritura alfabética. 相似文献
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Ayla Akbas Gulsen Varlikli 《美中教育评论》2010,7(8):115-120
In this paper, a programme was developed towards adolescences with special needs concerning to： self-look-after abilities; developing work success; participation to co-activities within classroom; application of psychological counseling and guidance as demanded. The results of the observed progress of pre-assumed programme after the application will be submitted. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to model the relationship between pre-service chemistry teachers’ epistemological beliefs and their preference to use constructivist-learning environment in their future class. The sample was 125 pre-service chemistry teachers from five universities in Turkey. Two instruments were used in this study. One of the instruments was constructivist-learning environment scale developed by Taylor, Fraser and Fisher. The other instrument was Epistemological Questionnaire (EQ) developed by Schommer. In order to analyse data, Structural Equation Modelling was conducted by using LISREL 8.7. The results provided evidence for the good fit of the hypothesised model. Pre-service chemistry teachers’ epistemological belief scores were found to be correlated to their constructivist-learning environment scale scores with the value of .35. This study revealed that pre-service chemistry teachers with sophisticated epistemological beliefs favoured constructivist-learning environment in their future class. 相似文献
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Ayla Stein Kelly J. Applegate Seth Robbins 《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2017,55(7-8):644-666
This article documents the steps taken to assess metadata errors within the IDEALS repository. It describes the workflows established to create accurate and consistent metadata, focusing especially on the batch ingest and retroactive metadata remediation processes. It also seeks to address theoretical issues surrounding the concept of metadata quality. 相似文献
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The 21st century as a digital age is characterized by the increased accessibility of information and knowledge through the
medium of sophisticated technological tools. The main aim of this article is to show how educational technology can be used
effectively to help students construct knowledge when teaching Islamic studies in the UK. The first part of this paper summarizes
the differences between information sharing and knowledge construction with reference to the essence of knowledge as Aristotelian
‘episteme’ (theoretical knowledge) and technê (practical knowledge: know-how); and the extent which the former process is created by the use of Information Technology
(IT) while the latter is enhanced by Educational Technology (ET). The second part explores how ET can be used effectively
to ‘provide training in critical and creative thinking skills of students’ as an integral part of producing useful tools and
generating practical benefit during their learning process (Felder et al. 2000, p. 26; Callaos 2009, p. 3). The third, then, explains why a student centred and research-based teaching is preferred to traditional research-led
method in order to support the construction of knowledge. The paper concludes by presenting some reflections and limitations
on how effective use of ET and research-based teaching can help students to become critical thinkers while studying Islam
and Middle Eastern politics as part of international politics curriculum in the UK. 相似文献
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Sevgi Aydin Nurdane Aydemir Yezdan Boz Ayla Cetin-Dindar Oktay Bektas 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2009,18(6):518-534
The present study aimed to evaluate whether a chemistry laboratory course called “Laboratory Experiments in Science Education”
based on constructivist instruction accompanied with concept mapping enhanced pre-service chemistry teachers’ conceptual understanding.
Data were collected from five pre-service chemistry teachers at a university in Ankara by means of a concept test and semi-structured
interviews. Results showed that pre-service teachers had some alternative conceptions about chemistry topics. Moreover, using
constructivist instruction accompanied with concept maps as an instructional tool was effective to promote conceptual understanding.
Participants thought that concept maps were useful especially in recognizing the relation between different chemistry concepts. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 5E learning cycle model oriented instruction (LCMI) on 11th-grade students' conceptual understanding of acids and bases concepts and student motivation to learn chemistry. The study, which lasted for 7 weeks, involved two groups: An experimental group (LCMI) and a control group (the traditional teacher-centered instruction [TTCI]). Based on multivariate analysis of covariance results, the LCMI students outperformed the TTCI students in terms of conceptual understanding about acids and bases. Similarly, the students from the experimental group scored higher motivation and this difference was found to be statistically significant. These findings demonstrated that instruction based on learning cycle model provide students a deeper conceptual understanding, foster high-order thinking, engage them in the learning process, and influence their motivation to learn by increasing the relevance of school chemistry to their daily lives. 相似文献
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Ayla Barutchu Joanne M. Fifer Mohit N. Shivdasani Sheila G. Crewther Antonio G. Paolini 《Child development》2020,91(2):620-637
This study assessed the developmental profile of unisensory and multisensory processes, and their contribution to children's intellectual abilities (8- and 11-year olds, N = 38, compared to adults, N = 19) using a simple audiovisual detection task and three incidental associative learning tasks with different sensory signals: visual-verbal with pseudowords, novel audiovisual, and visual-visual. The level of immaturity throughout childhood was dependent on both, the sensory signal type and the task. Associative learning was significantly enhanced with verbal sounds, compared to novel audiovisual and unisensory visual learning. Visual-verbal learning was also the best predictor of children's general intellectual abilities. The results demonstrate a separate developmental trajectory for visual and verbal multisensory processes and independent contributions to the development of cognitive abilities throughout childhood. 相似文献
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