Severe Learning Difficulties in Northern Ireland: Leaving School     

Ian Wells 《British Journal of Special Education》1991,18(2):63-66

Responsibility for pupils with severe learning difficulties in Northern Ireland was only recently taken by the education authorities. The findings of research into the school leaving arrangements are described by Dr Ian Wells, senior research officer with the Northern Ireland Council for Educational Research (NICER), Belfast.  相似文献   

利用都柏林元数据应用包管理多样化的元数据开发     

Robina Clayphan Bill Oldroyd 《现代图书情报技术》2006,10(1):10-16

大英图书馆长期大规模的资源数字化产生了大量的声像资源，这些项目由于大部分是由外来资金资助并与外单位合作，其产生的资源和元数据往往散藏在各个不同部门，元数据的有无及其结构格式区别很大，这给检索和使用带来极大的不便，因此跨库检索势在必行。在推行标准化的同时，大英图书馆考虑到各个特藏的功能和服务特点，允许足够的灵活性。他们遵循的一个主要原则是，如果数据是在大英图书馆系统之外建立的，该系统应该具有生成和输出基本元数据记录的功能，其格式应该与至少一种大英图书馆所支持的标准兼容，对元数据记录的最低要求是要与大英图书馆元数据应用纲要（BL Application Profile，B-LAP）一致。B-LAP是用XML标注、以都柏林元数据核心元素为基础的应用纲要。本文特别讨论了利用都柏林核心元数据应用纲要来支持检索的策略，以及如何应用纳要来控制在数字化资源过程中产生的多样化的元数据格式，并为各种早期的系统之间在高层次上提供互操作性。本义还描述了该系统的构建及如何支持横跨各种不同数据库之间的检索。  相似文献   

Why accessibility is hard and how to make it easier: Lessons from publishers          下载免费PDF全文

Bill Kasdorf 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):11-18

The requirements for providing publications in an accessible form have recently become much clearer and easier to comply with. They are based on standard web accessibility guidelines that are commonly used globally, and the format for interchange is EPUB, a format many publishers already produce in their normal production process. Nevertheless, accessibility still proves difficult to accomplish for most publishers. This article refers to informal interviews and the author's own experiences to examine the issues that are challenging to publishers and their suppliers, assessing the level of effort required to address them, discussing the factors that make them difficult, and suggesting strategies for reducing the effort required. The article concludes that the best solution is to build accessibility into the publication workflow upfront as this can dramatically reduce the cost and effort required to make publications accessible.  相似文献   

Rural and suburban cluster grouping: Reflections on staff development as a component of program success     

Marcia Gentry  Bill Keilty 《Roeper Review》2013,35(3):147-155

Staff development practices that successfully implemented long‐term applications of cluster grouping in two districts are analyzed, compared, and reviewed. Parallel practices and differences are discussed concerning program beginning, implementation, and maintenance. Conclusions are drawn and six steps for use and consideration by others engaged in gifted program development and implementation are suggested. These steps are: (1) conversations, (2) research, (3) choosing a course of action, (4) implementation, (5) supporting the new program initiative, and (6) maintenance and growth.  相似文献   

Early Literacy and the Public Library: An Opportunity of a Lifetime (of Reading)     

Bill Ptacek 《Public Library Quarterly》2016,35(4):338-343

In this article, author Bill Ptacek says that the future is now, and, at least from the 1970s through today, in the field of early childhood work, the future has come so fast that it is constantly upon us. That reality means that those concerned about young children in libraries have been about adaptation on a continuing basis. In this world of rapid change, innovation is constant: City firefighters come to the libraries in uniform to read stories to children, library outreach specialists take programs to daycare centers in their communities, and staff members create a space in a library devoted to early childhood reading. This tradition of rapid change means that the early childhood staff of most large public libraries in North America is changing for the future on a regular basis. The work unit should be considered seriously as one model for 21st century public library reform.  相似文献   

Effects of power variation on cycle performance during simulated hilly time-trials     

Marc S. Wells 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):912-918

It has previously been shown that cyclists are unable to maintain a constant power output during cycle time-trials on hilly courses. The purpose of the present study is therefore to quantify these effects of power variation using a mathematical model of cycling performance. A hypothetical cyclist (body mass: 70?kg, bicycle mass: 10?kg) was studied using a mathematical model of cycling, which included the effects of acceleration. Performance was modelled over three hypothetical 40-km courses, comprising repeated 2.5-km sections of uphill and downhill with gradients of 1%, 3%, and 6%, respectively. Amplitude (5–15%) and distance (0.31–20.00?km) of variation were modelled over a range of mean power outputs (200–600?W) and compared to sustaining a constant power. Power variation was typically detrimental to performance; these effects were augmented as the amplitude of variation and severity of gradient increased. Varying power every 1.25?km was most detrimental to performance; at a mean power of 200?W, performance was impaired by 43.90?s (±15% variation, 6% gradient). However at the steepest gradients, the effect of power variation was relatively independent of the distance of variation. In contrast, varying power in parallel with changes in gradient improved performance by 188.89?s (±15% variation, 6% gradient) at 200?W. The present data demonstrate that during hilly time-trials, power variation that does not occur in parallel with changes in gradient is detrimental to performance, especially at steeper gradients. These adverse effects are substantially larger than those previously observed during flat, windless time-trials.  相似文献   

Editorial     

Jill Blackmore  Noel Gough  Bill Green 《The Australian Educational Researcher》1994,21(2):i-iv

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Perianal findings in prepubertal children selected for nonabuse: a descriptive study   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

J McCann  J Voris  M Simon  R Wells 《Child abuse & neglect》1989,13(2):179-193

The results of the perianal portion of a project designed to collect normative data of the anogenital anatomy from a representative sample of prepubertal children is presented. A total of 318 children were examined by three physicians from a child sexual abuse evaluation program. After screening for the onset of puberty and the possibility of undetected abuse, 267 subjects remained. The sample included 161 girls and 106 boys ranging in age from 2 months to 11 years. The perianal findings that were encountered with the greatest frequency included erythema (41%), increased pigmentation (30%), and venous engorgement (52%) after two minutes in the knee-chest position. Wedge-shaped smooth areas in the midline, with or without depressions, were found both anterior and posterior to the anus in 26% of the children. Anal skin tags/folds were discovered anterior to the anus in 11%. In 49% of the children there was some dilatation of the anus which opened and closed intermittently in 62%. Flattening of the anal verge and rugae occurred during dilatation by the midpoint of the examination in 44% and 34%, respectively. Perianal findings that were found infrequently in all subgroups included skin tags/folds (0%) and scars (1%) outside the midline, anal dilatation greater than 20 mm without the presence of stool in the rectal ampulla (1.2%), irregularity of the anal orifice after complete dilatation (3%), and prominence of the anal verge (3%). No abrasions, hematomas, fissures, or hemorrhoids were encountered. Less commonly detected findings within specific subgroups included perianal erythema in girls (32%) as compared to boys (57%), pigmentation in the lighter skinned white children (22%) when compared to black (53%) and Hispanic (58%) children, and venous congestion at the beginning of the examination (7%) when compared to the same findings after four minutes in the knee-chest position (73%). There were no perianal skin tags/folds found in the boys. The relatively high incidence of perianal soft tissue changes that were found in this study, when compared to the frequency of similar observations in children suspected of having been sexually abused, reemphasizes the caution medical examiners must exercise in rendering an opinion as to the significance of medical findings.  相似文献   

Who are Rural Students? How Definitions of Rurality Affect Research on College Completion     

Manly  Catherine A.  Wells  Ryan S.  Kommers  Suzan 《Research in higher education》2020,61(6):764-779

Research in Higher Education - Given a revived national discourse about rural populations, more educational research on rural students is necessary, including ways that rural students transition to...  相似文献   

Development of a set of scales to measure selected scientific attitudes     

Bruce Jones  Bill Butts 《Research in Science Education》1983,13(1):133-140

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