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This study examines how state merit-based scholarships individually and simultaneously with prepaid tuition plans influence the interstate migration of college-bound freshmen. State freshman migration percentages
were examined over a 10-year period. Results of an interrupted time-series model suggested that students generally respond
to merit-based tuition aid in accordance with our initial prediction based on factors influencing student choice in attending
postsecondary institutions. More specifically, many students choose to attend an in-state college in order to be eligible
for state merit-based scholarships. Moreover, for home states that adopted both merit-based scholarships and prepaid tuition
contracts, student out-migration was further reduced over time.
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| Ronald H. HeckEmail: |
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This article reviews research from 1980‐1995 exploring the relationship between principal leadership and student achievement. The focuses is on the substantive findings that emerged from the review. Earlier reports focused on conceptual and methodological issues. The general pattern of results drawn from this review supports the belief that principals exercise a measurable, though indirect effect on school effectiveness and student achievement. While this indirect effect is relatively small, it is statistically significant and supports the general belief among educators that principals contribute to school effectiveness and improvement. Moreover, the review suggests that previously described discrepancies in research results may be explained by the conceptual and methodological tools employed by researchers. We also emphasize the limitations of these studies. Even taken as a group they do not resolve the most important theoretical and practical issues concerning the means by which principals achieve an impact on school outcomes and how contextual forces influence the exercise of leadership in the schoolhouse. It is concluded that while substantial progress has been made over the past 15 years in understanding the principal's contribution to school effectiveness, the most important scholarly and practical work lies ahead. In addition to this qualified, we assert that scholars are better equipped conceptually and methodologically to address these challenges than in 1980. 相似文献
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