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Ferenc Torma Zoltan Gombos Marcell Fridvalszki Gergely Langmar Zsofia Tarcza Bela Merkely Hisashi Naito Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine Masaki Takeda Zsolt Murlasits Peter Osvath Zsolt Radak 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(4):470
BackgroudBlood flow restriction (BFR) with low-intensity resistance training has been shown to result in hypertrophy of skeletal muscle. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that BFR during the rest periods between acute, high-intensity resistance exercise sessions (70% of 1 repetition maximum, 7 sets with 10 repetitions) enhances the effects of the resistance training.MethodsA total of 7 healthy young men performed squats, and between sets BFR was carried out on one leg while the other leg served as a control. Because BFR was applied during rest periods, even severe occlusion pressure (approximately 230 mmHg), which almost completely blocked blood flow, was well-tolerated by the participants. Five muscle-specific microRNAs were measured from the biopsy samples, which were taken 2 h after the acute training.ResultsDoppler data showed that the pattern of blood flow recovery changed significantly between the first and last BFR. microRNA-206 levels significantly decreased in the BFR leg compared to the control. The mRNA levels of RAC-β serine/threonine-protein kinase v22, nuclear respiratory factor 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, lupus Ku autoantigen protein p70 genes (p < 0.05), and paired box 7 (p < 0.01) increased in the BFR leg. The protein levels of paired box 7, nuclear respiratory factor 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α did not differ between the BFR leg and the control leg.ConclusionBFR, during the rest periods of high-load resistance training, could lead to mRNA elevation of those proteins that regulate angiogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and muscle hypertrophy and repair. However, BFR also can cause DNA damage, judging from the increase in mRNA levels of lupus Ku autoantigen protein p70. 相似文献
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In a social system or production line,the restrictions of the cost and the due-time exist in each period.Generally,whether these restrictions are satisfied is dependent not only on the risks of this period,but also on the risks generated beforehand.We consider controlling the production process by switching the processing rate to a faster one at a given period.This paper deals with the optimal switching period to minimize the total expected cost of the production process.We first propose the optimal switching period model,and then the mathematic formulation of the total expectation is presented.Finally,the policy of optimal switching period is investigated in detail by numerical experiments. 相似文献
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Journal of Science Teacher Education - 相似文献
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Tomiko Yakura Naoyuki Hatayama Chikako Kawahara Yusuke Ohmichi Mika Ohmichi Nobutaro Ban Shuichi Hirai Takashi Nakano Munekazu Naito 《Anatomical sciences education》2022,15(2):392-402
Although the methods for medical education continue to evolve due to the development of medicines, the cadaver dissection course still plays a fundamental role. The cadaver dissection course allows students to learn to handle instruments correctly while actively exploring three-dimensional anatomy. However, dissection comes with the risk of accidental injury. In recent years, the number of classes offered for the cadaver dissection course has decreased while the amount of knowledge required in clinical medicine has increased. Simulation-based education (SBE) has been proven to be an effective educational method that enhances the development of practical skills by integrating learners' knowledge and skills. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SBE as a preparatory education course when taken prior to a medical student's enrollment in the cadaver dissection course. In the present study, an SBE assuming practical cadaver dissection course was performed in the Clinical Simulation Center. The frequency of injury rates per 1000 h of cadaver dissection course was significantly less in 2017 and 2018 compared to that in 2016. Two years after the implementation of the SBE, average student self-efficacy scores and written examination scores significantly increased, whereas self-contentment scores were relatively unchanged. The results showed that the implementation of SBE decreased the incidence of injuries and improved students' overall self-efficacy scores and increased acquisition of knowledge evident on written examination score. Therefore, SBE as a preparatory education course may effectively promote the combined development of dissection skills and anatomical knowledge in the subsequent fundamental cadaver dissection course. 相似文献
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The present experiment examined whether predictability of food acquisition would eliminate the impairment of subsequent escape performance that otherwise resulted from uncontrollability over food acquisition. In pretreatment, the yoked and the yoked-signal groups received response-independent food at the same times as the experimental group acquired it on an FR 5/20 lever-press schedule. However, a pellet presented for the yoked-signal group followed a 1.5-sqc tone, which served as a predictive signal of food. The naive control group received the same clumber of pellets in their home cages in this phase. Results of the escape latency in the subsequent FR 2 shuttling shock-escape test indicated that the predictability of outcome eliminated the escape deficits showed by the yoked-non signal group. This modulating effect of a predictive signal is hypothesized to be due to an overshadowing of uncontrollability by predictability. 相似文献
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In two experiments, we examined whether or not a loss of control over food availability would interfere with subsequent two-way shuttle-escape learning. Rats that had experienced loss of control over food delivery were impaired in their acquisition of a shuttle-escape response, relative to the response-contingent and the continuous-reinforcement control rats (in Experiments 1 and 2) and to the lack-of-control and home cage control rats (in Experiment 2). Rats that had received noncontingent food delivery without a prior history of control over food exhibited poorer performance than did the home cage control rats. Moreover, loss of control resulted in a larger interference effect than did lack of control, supporting the view that the learning of response-outcome noncontingency is the main determinant of the interference effect. 相似文献
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Pigeons were trained in a forced choice task with four alternatives to categorize arrays consisting of 1, 3, 5, or 8 dots.
Before the pigeons chose a comparison stimulus, they were required to peck each dot sequentially. A single peck to a dot,
which was defined as an indicating response, changed the color of the dot so that it was differentiated from those that remained to be counted. The pigeons
successfully learned to categorize the numerical arrays and then displayed transfer to novel arrays consisting of two, four,
six, or seven dots, in a manner according to the order of 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 < 5 < 6 < 7 < 8. Subsequent tests revealed that the
pigeons discriminated the stimuli by relying on the number of indicating responses. They also utilized multiple information
(surface area, time, and other confounded events), but this was of minor significance, and after training, the pigeons were
able to disregard these cues. 相似文献
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Takeo Nakayama Nobuko Hirai Shigeaki Yamazaki Mariko Naito 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2005,93(2):237-242
BACKGROUND: The use of a structured abstract has been recommended in reporting medical literature to quickly convey necessary information to editors and readers. The use of structured abstracts increased during the mid-1990s; however, recent practice has yet to be analyzed. OBJECTIVES: This article explored actual reporting patterns of abstracts recently published in selected medical journals and examined what these journals required of abstracts (structured or otherwise and, if structured, which format). METHODS: The top thirty journals according to impact factors noted in the "Medicine, General and Internal" category of the ISI Journal Citation Reports (2000) were sampled. Articles of original contributions published by each journal in January 2001 were examined. Cluster analysis was performed to classify the patterns of structured abstracts objectively. Journals' instructions to authors for writing an article abstract were also examined. RESULTS: Among 304 original articles that included abstracts, 188 (61.8%) had structured and 116 (38.2%) had unstructured abstracts. One hundred twenty-five (66.5%) of the abstracts used the introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD) format, and 63 (33.5%) used the 8-heading format proposed by Haynes et al. Twenty-one journals requested structured abstracts in their instructions to authors; 8 journals requested the 8-heading format; and 1 journal requested it only for intervention studies. CONCLUSIONS: Even in recent years, not all abstracts of original articles are structured. The eight-heading format was neither commonly used in actual reporting patterns nor noted in journal instructions to authors. 相似文献
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Toshinori Yoshihara Takao Sugiura Nobuyuki Miyaji Yuki Yamamoto Tsubasa Shibaguchi Ryo Kakigi Hisashi Naito Katsumasa Goto Daijiro Ohmori Toshitada Yoshioka 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(11):844-852
We examined the effect of a combination of astaxanthin (AX) supplementation, repeated heat stress, and intermittent reloading (IR) on satellite cells in unloaded rat soleus muscles. Forty-nine male Wistar rats (8-week-old) were divided into control, hind-limb unweighting (HU), IR during HU, IR with AX supplementation, IR with repeated heat stress (41.0–41.5 °C for 30 min), and IR with AX supplementation and repeated heat stress groups. After the experimental period, the antigravitational soleus muscle was analyzed using an immunohistochemical technique. Our results revealed that the combination of dietary AX supplementation and heat stress resulted in protection against disuse muscle atrophy in the soleus muscle. This protective effect may be partially due to a higher satellite cell number in the atrophied soleus muscle in the IR/AX/heat stress group compared with the numbers found in the other groups. We concluded that the combination treatment with dietary AX supplementation and repeated heat stress attenuates soleus muscle atrophy, in part by increasing the number of satellite cells. 相似文献