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Aya Yoshida 《Higher Education》2002,43(1):43-63
This article examinescurriculum reform after the 1991 revision ofthe Standards of Establishing Universitieswhich abolished the distinction between generaland specialized education. General educationdivisions were abolished and integrated intospecialized education divisions. This revisionresulted in the establishment of auniversity-wide general education committee, areduction in the number of general educationcredits necessary for graduation, and thedecline of general education's solid foundationin the university. Despite these changes, thestatus differences between general educationfaculty and specialized education facultyendured. Japanese universities must grapplewith how a general education curriculum shouldbe implemented in this new organizationalsystem. 相似文献
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Ken Yoshida 《Inter-Asia Cultural Studies》2013,14(1):36-54
This article provides an insight into the theorization of sōgō geijutsu or the work of total art during the postwar decades in Japan, primarily through the language of Hanada Kiyoteru, a notable communist critic during the 1950s, as a way to present a discursive precursor to what would be explored as intermedia in the 1960s. It is an attempt to trace the debates that were seen in journal Sōgō Bunka, which was established immediately after the war, and how the question of collectivity and collective production of art was discussed among the contributing critics, artists, and intellectuals. Totality as some may know already, is a problematic term that comes close to the wartime notion of ‘totality’, as it was employed for Japanese government's ideological deployment for its war efforts. Although the term has accrued a sinister ring, the critics mentioned in the article, especially Hanada, were determined to reclaim the term as a way of devising a postwar aesthetic-political platform. One important component of sōgō geijutsu was popular art and its relationship to the masses, as it was designed to relocate avant-garde art practices to the juncture of popular space and political praxis, while critiquing the modernist avant-garde art associated with high art. In addition to providing a fuller historiography of intermedia (or transmedia) in Japan, interrogating sōgō geijutsu also serves to shed some light on the complex and multivalent discourse of locating a ‘people’ and their communicative action. Through this history, the term totality gains a greater texture, no longer dismissible as a mere vestige of fascism in the minds of the Japanese artists and critics. 相似文献
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Uddin Md. Elmarhomy Elsayed Masao Kazuhiro Jun-ichi 《Information processing & management》2007,43(6):1793
Field Association (FA) terms are a limited set of discriminating terms that can specify document fields. Document fields can be decided efficiently if there are many relevant FA terms in that documents. An earlier approach built FA terms dictionary using a WWW search engine, but there were irrelevant selected FA terms in that dictionary because that approach extracted FA terms from the whole documents. This paper proposes a new approach for extracting FA terms using passage (portions of a document text) technique rather than extracting them from the whole documents. This approach extracts FA terms more accurately than the earlier approach. The proposed approach is evaluated for 38,372 articles from the large tagged corpus. According to experimental results, it turns out that by using the new approach about 24% more relevant FA terms are appending to the earlier FA term dictionary and around 32% irrelevant FA terms are deleted. Moreover, precision and recall are achieved 98% and 94% respectively using the new approach. 相似文献
4.
吉田阳介 《商丘师范学院学报》2008,24(7)
中苏大论战是国际共产主义运动史上的一个重大事件,这场论战给国际共产主义运动乃至于世界政治格局都带来了深刻影响.与其他各国学者一样,日本学者也对这一历史事件进行了深入的研究.对日本学术界有关中苏论战爆发的原因、论战涉及的理论问题以及论战所带来的历史教训等研究成果进行了梳理和分析,对深化中苏论战的认识有深远的意义. 相似文献
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Nakano T Itoyama T Yoshida K Sawada Y Ikeda S Fukuda T Matsuda T Negoro M Arai F 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(4):46505
We proposed and fabricated multiscale transparent arteriole and capillary vessel models with circular cross sections of 10-500 μm using photolithography. The circularities of the fabricated 10, 50, and 500 μm diameter microchannels were 84.0%, 61.5%, and 82.3%, respectively. Next, we connected these different models to realize a circulation type blood vessel model simulating arteriole networks. We proposed a novel connection method using an intermediate connector made of wax, which we used to connect these models to make a circulation model. In flow experiments, the fabricated models showed no leakage and circulation models with seamless connections were achieved. 相似文献
7.
Takashi Umeda Kazuhiro Suzukawa Ippei Takahashi Yousuke Yamamoto Masaru Tanabe Arata Kojima 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):897-904
Abstract To clarify the physical and mental fatigue caused by intense exercise and the relationship between the two types of fatigue, we examined changes in anthropometric and biochemical variables, neutrophil function, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire in 13 female university judoists attending a one-week training camp. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, haemoglobin, leukocyte count, IgG, and phagocytic activity all decreased after the training camp compared with baseline (P ≤ 0.046). Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and neutrophil oxidative burst activity increased after the training camp (P ≤ 0.007). Of the POMS scores, that for Fatigue increased after the training camp (P = 0.041) and that for Vigour decreased (P = 0.042). The changes in several POMS scores correlated with the changes in blood biochemical variables. In particular, the change in Total mood disturbance was negatively associated with changes in myogenic enzymes (P ≤ 0.032). Our results suggest that intense exercise during training camps for female judoists leads to the appearance and accumulation of mental and physical fatigue, which are related to each other. 相似文献
8.
Takayoshi Yoshida Yoshiyuki Fukuoka Richard L. Hughson 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(1):1-9
We examined whether the system analysis for step and pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) exercises could be useful to characterize oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics of female sedentary subjects and endurance athletes. Breath-by-breath VO2 was determined during step- and PRBS-cycle ergometer exercises. The time course of the VO2 kinetics was evaluated by the time constant of the second phase, which should reflect the adjustment of the oxidative metabolism at the skeletal muscle level. The VO2 kinetics were significantly faster in long-distance runners than in sedentary subjects for both exercises. A significant relationship was observed in the VO2 kinetics obtained from step and PRBS exercises. In each group, there was no significant difference in the VO2 kinetics for step and PRBS exercises. These results indicated that the system analysis with PRBS exercises revealed the faster VO2 kinetics in endurance athletes than in sedentary subjects. 相似文献
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This study was designed to obtain the perceptions of regular class teachers who taught children who had been in EMR programs, but had been decertified (D) and returned to regular classes in response to court cases and recent legislation. A cohort of regular class (RC) students were selected for comparative purposes. It was found that D students were placed into low ability classes; yet, teachers perceived D subjects to be significantly lower than RC students in both academic achievement and social acceptance. Only a small proportion of teachers indicated that the enrollment of D students had much impact on the regular class instructional program. However, the teachers were rather critical of the services received under the auspices of a transitional program, indicating in large part that the services were either not apparent or ineffective. 相似文献
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