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Vocational Education and Training (VET) plays an important role in the reshaping of upper secondary school curriculum. Retention to the end of secondary education in Australia went from 35% in 1980 to 72% in 2000. This increase caused major problems for the senior school curriculum which historically prepared students for university entrance but now has to serve multiple purposes. While the purposes of VET suit different groups, our interest is those students alienated from, reluctant to complete, or attempting re-entry into senior secondary education. Our objective is to understand policy reforms in this area, in order to assist stopping the spiral of disadvantage in which these young people are caught. We shall argue that VET has the potential to re-engage young people with education. With the labour market becoming more knowledge-based, such re-engagement becomes increasingly important. We ask to what extent is the post-compulsory curriculum serving student and family ambitions for employment in a way that is equitable and inclusive? 相似文献
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In the field of developmental social psychology there is a consensus concerning the social nature of intelligence. In spite of the important empirical investigations in this field over the last fifteen years, the influence of the quality of a relationship on joint problem-solving and learning is still poorly understood. This explorary study investigated the influence of socio-affective context on the interactive modalities surrounding social problem-solving discussions conducted with 32 dyads of 8-year-old Swiss francophone children. Sociometric interviews with children and teachers were carried out to identify the following naturally-ocurring socio-affective contexts: reciprocal friendship (RF), asymmetrical friendship (AF) and reciprocal absence of friendship (“reciprocal non-friendship” RNF; excluding enemies). Comparisons of verbal exchanges and dyadic performance across the three groups suggests that reciprocal friendship facilitates collaboration and the organization of collective work. Two rival hypotheses opposing socio-affective proximity (reciprocal friendship) and socio-affective distance (asymmetrical friendship and reciprocal absence of friendship) are discussed with respect to the influence of social interactions on social problem-solving. 相似文献
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This study reports on a pilot project in performance funding. A stratified random sample of 112 seniors at Tennessee Technological University participated in a special assessment exercise involving the ACT Battery and the ACT COMP (College Outcome Measures Project). The participants also completed a questionnaire designed to elicit self-reports of progress toward the realization of a set of institution-wide or general education goals. This article explores the relationships between objective ortest performance and subjective orstudent testimony instructional outcomes measures. Its specific focus is upon assessing the construct validity of student testimony data as indicators of selected general education outcomes. The implications of the findings for the better-informed selection, implementation, and interpretation of instructional outcomes measures are discussed.Presented at the Nineteenth Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, San Diego, California, May 1979. 相似文献
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Hanna Dumont Ulrich Trautwein Oliver Lüdtke Marko Neumann Alois Niggli Inge Schnyder 《Contemporary educational psychology》2012
This research examines whether parental homework involvement mediates the relationship between family background and educational outcomes such as academic achievement and academic self-concept. Data from two studies in which grade 8 students (N = 1274 and N = 1911) described their parents’ involvement in the homework process were reanalyzed via structural equation modeling. Perceived parental homework interference and perceived homework-related conflict were negatively related to students’ academic development, whereas perceived parental support and perceived parental competence to help with homework were positively related to academic outcomes. Although there were small associations between some aspects of parental homework involvement and family background variables, parental homework involvement did not mediate the relationship between family background and educational outcomes. Findings highlight the need for differentiated conceptualizations of parental homework involvement as well as detailed analyses of the processes underlying the association between family background and educational outcomes. 相似文献
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Hanna Dumont Kai Maaz Marko Neumann Michael Becker 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(2):141-165
Based on a theoretical model, which distinguishes between primary and secondary effects following Boudon, the present paper summarizes empirical evidence regarding the impact of family background on the transition from elementary into secondary school. In doing so, three types of secondary effects are distinguished: secondary effects of school grades, teacher recommendations, and the transition itself. The empirical literature suggests that both primary and secondary effects exist in the German school system: In addition to having lower achievement, children from disadvantaged backgrounds receive lower grades and fewer recommendations for higher tracks and are less likely to attend a high track even when controlling for their achievement. The paper closes by presenting findings from studies analyzing the relative importance of primary and secondary effects and a discussion on how effects of family background on the transition into secondary school can be reduced. 相似文献
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Bernard Dumont 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1982,13(4):409-429
Résumé La recherche dont nous donnons ici quelques résultats avait pour but l'étude de différents paramètres dans le comportement de réponse à des problèmes portant apparemment sur l'implication d'une population hétérogène quant aux niveaux scolaires. En comparant les résultats obtenus à des tests suivant a priori les mêmes schémas logiques de raisonnement mais avec des formulations et/ou des décors différents, nous avons mis en évidence l'influence prédominante de ces facteurs dans le processus de résolution, ce qui remet en question, d'une part, l'idée qu'un individu arrivé au sommet de son développement intellectuel soit capable de raisonner, dans certains contextes non mathématiques, suivant des schémas indépendants du problème posé et assimilables à ceux de la logique binaire et, d'autre part, une pédagogie de la logique mathématique à partir d'examples et de situations dits concrets.
In this article are presented some results of research into different aspects of behavioural response to some implication problems. After comparing the results obtained from tests which followed the same a priori analytical logic formulae, but with different formulations, we took account of the predominant influence of these factors in the solution process, which suggested two ideas; one, that an individual at the peak of his intellectual development is capable of reasoning in certain non-mathematical contexts by following some binary-logic formulae independent of the given problem, and two, the teaching of mathematical logic from so-called concrete examples and situations.相似文献