Grand Multiparous Women's Perceptions of Birthing, Nursing Care, and Childbirth Technology     

Fleming SE  Smart D  Eide P 《The Journal of perinatal education》2011,20(2):108-117

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GENERAL EDUCATION,VOCATIONAL TRAINING,AND FURTHER EDUCATION     

Kjell Härnqvist 《Higher Education in Europe》1988,13(1-2):32-42

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Benchlearning – an action research program for transforming leadership and school practices     

Marit Aas  Kirsten F. Vennebo  Kjell A. Halvorsen 《Educational Action Research》2020,28(2):210-226

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we investigate how a Benchlearning program for principals in Norway and Sweden supports changes in Norwegian principals’ leadership practices. The program design builds on principles for practical action research. The aim of the program was to inspire changes in the principals’ leadership practices that encourage innovative school practices. The program includes learning modes such as theoretical inputs, sharing experiences, school visits, training, and trialling of new leadership practices. Drawing on data from participants’ reflections on their learning and changes in their leadership practices, we identify transformations that have been realized and the ways in which the Benchlearning program has supported the transformations. The findings indicate that the program can be seen as a systematic and disciplined process, a ‘meta-practice’, that supports changes in the principals’ leadership practices, their understandings, and the conditions of their practice. More specifically, the findings show that the theoretical inputs and practical learning modes stimulated transformations of the principals’ thinking about leadership practices, what they do in practice and how they relate to others. In particular, the study suggests that the principals’ active participation in trialling new leadership practices in their own schools stimulated transformations.  相似文献   

Introducing teachers to new semiotic tools for writing instruction and writing assessment: consequences for students’ writing proficiency     

Kjell Lars Berge  Synnøve Matre  Randi Solheim  Lars S. Evensen  Hildegunn Otnes 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2019,26(1):6-25

This article reports consequences for student writing quality based on a long-term professional learning project. Project teachers, representing all school subjects in grades 3–7, were presented with a writing construct, ‘Wheel of Writing’, and norms of expectation for writing proficiency. Participating teachers used the writing construct and norms as a basis for writing instruction and writing assessment. The project was conducted in 24 schools across Norway. 3088 students from 20 project schools participated. Two hundred and thirty three students from 4 schools were used as a comparison group. The investigation showed that students in primary school improved their writing quality significantly. Students in lower secondary school did not. However, there was substantial variation in writing quality effects between schools, classes, and individual students. For instance at a number of schools, project students from lower secondary school improved their writing quality significantly. The article discusses potential explanations of the effects.  相似文献   

Data-based modeling and estimation of vehicle crash processes in frontal fixed-barrier crashes     

Zuolong Wei  Kjell G. Robbersmyr  Hamid R. Karimi 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2017,354(12):4896-4912

As a complex process, vehicle crash is challenging to be described and estimated mathematically. Although different mathematical models are developed, it is still difficult to balance the complexity of models and the performance of estimation. The aim of this work is to propose a novel scheme to model and estimate the processes of vehicle-barrier frontal crashes. In this work, a piecewise model structure is predefined to represent the accelerations of vehicle in frontal crashes. Each segment in the model is corresponding to the energy absorbing component in the crashworthiness structure. With the help of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), a robust scheme is proposed for parameter identification. By adjusting the model structure and parameters according to the initial velocity, crash processes in different conditions are estimated effectively. The estimation results exhibit good agreement with finite element (FE) simulations in three different cases. It is shown that, the proposed model keeps low complexity. Furthermore, the structure information of vehicle is involved in improving the accuracy and ability of crash estimation.  相似文献   

Standards as a tool for teaching and assessing cross-curricular writing     

Lars Sigfred Evensen  Kjell Lars Berge  Synnove Matre  Randi Solheim 《Curriculum Journal》2016,27(2):229-245

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Pennies from heaven? Using exogenous tax variation to identify effects of school resources on pupil achievement     

Torbjørn Hægeland  Oddbjørn Raaum  Kjell G. Salvanes 《Economics of Education Review》2012

Evidence on the effectiveness of school inputs remains inconclusive, partly due to the challenge of identification as families sort themselves into school districts and resources are potentially allocated to compensate (or reinforce) differences in pupil abilities. Using variation in school resources induced by the location of waterfalls in Norway, we examine the effect of school expenditures on pupil performance at age 16. Higher school expenditures, triggered by higher revenues from local taxes on hydropower plants, have a significantly positive effect on pupil performance. This positive IV estimate contrasts a zero effect based on least squares. A downward biased estimate using a standard cross section estimator is expected in a context of compensating resource allocation across educational units.  相似文献   

On the determinants of employment-related organised education and informal learning     

Staffan Nilsson  Kjell Rubenson 《Studies in Continuing Education》2014,36(3):304-321

This paper analyses the distribution of employment-related organised education and informal learning in the Canadian workforce. The paper draws on a large-scale survey, the Changing Nature of Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL), which was based on structured and standardised telephone interviews with a representative sample of 5783 Canadian members of the employed labour force. In exploring the determinants facilitating employment-related informal learning, three analytical categories of factors derived from previous research on learning participation were used: individual-level factors, job characteristics and workplace environment. The analyses focus on differences in individuals, jobs and workplace characteristics among adult workers who acquired or improved their job-related skills through different training pathways. In addition, analyses were performed to compare the extent to which these factors differ in their influence on learning decisions among workers who combine both organised education and informal learning and those who receive only informal learning. The results indicate that important predictors of participation in employment-related organised education and informal learning are age, educational attainment, learning skills, occupational class, education-job relation, degree of autonomy, degree of labour intensity, principal area of production and organisation size.  相似文献   

Heuristic for learning common emitter amplification with bipolar transistors     

Kjell Staffas 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(6):860-874

Mathematics in engineering education causes many thresholds in the courses because of the demand of abstract conceptualisation. Electronics depend heavily on more or less complex mathematics. Therefore the concepts of analogue electronics are hard to learn since a great deal of students struggle with the calculations and procedures needed. A survey was done focusing on students’ struggle to pass a course in analogue electronics by introducing a top-down perspective and the revised taxonomy of Bloom. From a top-down perspective you can create learning environments from any spot in the taxonomy using a step-by-step approach of the verbs understand and apply. Three textbooks with a top-down perspective on analogue electronics are analysed on the concept of amplifying with a transistor circuit. The study claims issues when losing the top-down perspective to present concepts and procedures of the content to be learned.  相似文献   

Filtering methods for content-based retrieval on indexed symbolic music databases     

Kjell?Lemstr?mEmail author  Niko?Mikkil?  Veli?M?kinen 《Information Retrieval》2010,13(1):1-21

We introduce fast filtering methods for content-based music retrieval problems, where the music is modeled as sets of points in the Euclidean plane, formed by the (on-set time, pitch) pairs. The filters exploit a precomputed index for the database, and run in time dependent on the query length and intermediate output sizes of the filters, being almost independent of the database size. With a quadratic size index, the filters are provably lossless for general point sets of this kind. In the context of music, the search space can be narrowed down, which enables the use of a linear sized index for effective and efficient lossless filtering. For the checking phase, which dominates the overall running time, we exploit previously designed algorithms suitable for local checking. In our experiments on a music database, our best filter-based methods performed several orders of a magnitude faster than the previously designed solutions.  相似文献