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Arianna Lazzari Mariacristina Picchio Lucia Balduzzi 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2015,23(3):274-287
In recent times, a growing consensus has emerged, among researchers and policy-makers, that a well-educated, competent and adequately supported workforce is crucial for the quality of early childhood education and care (ECEC). Despite governmental initiatives aimed to enhance the professional preparation and continuing development of early years practitioners being high on the political agenda of many EU member states, very few studies are analysing professionalisation policy developments and their implications within the national contexts of ECEC. Against this background, the article describes the key features of ECEC policies in Italy and their current trends by focussing specifically on the professionalisation of early childhood practitioners working across 0–3 and 3–6 services. Drawing on the data collected from documentary sources and interviews with key informants, this paper will critically review policy discourses as well as recurring themes and tensions arising from the academic and political debate. The findings from our analysis highlight that the increasing discontinuity characterising professionalisation initiatives across the 0–3 and 3–6 sector might lead to widening the gap among professionals working in such services. The risks that are associated with this trend are, on the one side, to devalue the educational role of 0–3 services and, on the other, to produce the schoolification of educational practices in 3–6 services. In addition, our analysis identified inconsistencies between initial and continuing professional development policies, which are progressively creating a dichotomy between initial and in-service training. The consequences of this process might produce, on the long term, the fragmentation of the ECEC system across public and private not-for-profit provision with the subsequent risk of impoverishing the local culture of childhood on which the Italian ECEC system has traditionally built its strength. 相似文献
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Previous studies have suggested that technological change is the main cause of the recent increase in demand for highly skilled workers in developed countries. However, a more recent strand of literature has also introduced the “Skill Biased Organisational Change” hypothesis, according to which the increasing diffusion of new organisational practices within firms plays a role in the increasing demand for skilled workers. We estimate a SUR model for a sample of 400 Italian manufacturing firms, showing that upskilling is more a function of reorganisational strategy than a consequence of technological change alone. Moreover, some evidence of superadditive effects emerges, which is consistent with the notion that technology and organisation jointly affect the demand for labour. 相似文献
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Mariacristina Cocca Lucia D'Arienzo Loredana D'Orazio Gennaro Gentile Carlo Mancarella Ezio Martuscelli Carmen Polcaro 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2006,7(4):236-243
With the aim of identifying new water dispersed polymers for textile conservation, the structure and properties of three commercial polyacrylates and one commercial polyvinylacetate were analysed. The characteristics of these materials, not previously used in the conservation and restoration fields, were compared with that shown by Primal AC33 and Mowilith DMC2 and SDM5, widely used as consolidating or adhesive agents of ancient textiles. To achieve a thorough characterisation of each polymer, molecular, thermal, structural and mechanical investigation techniques were applied on film samples, obtained from polymer water dispersions through water casting at room temperature and/or compression moulding. The photo-oxidative resistance of these materials was also assessed by artificial weathering of water cast films and by measuring the Yellowing Index (YI) as a function of the exposure time under xenon-arc lamp. Collected data were used to appropriately compare the performances shown by these polymers when applied on artefacts consisting of natural fibres. In particular it was found that, among the products not previously used in the conservation and restoration fields, a high potential for carrying out treatments on textiles is shown by the samples commercialised with the trade names of Acrilem RP6005 and Acrilem 30WA. These products, in fact, exhibit properties that make them suitable as substitutes for Primal AC33 and Mowilith DMC2 and SDM5, respectively, depending upon conservation needs. It was very interesting to note that Acrilem 30WA, also after aging, shows YI values lower than that shown by Mowilith DMC2 and SDM5. 相似文献
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