Validating the Willingness to Self-Censor Scale: Individual Differences in the Effect of the Climate of Opinion on Opinion Expression   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hayes  Andrew F.; Glynn  Carroll J.; Shanahan  James 《Int. Journal of Public Opinion Research》2005,17(4):443-455

Hayes, Glynn, and Shanahan (2005) defined self-censorship asthe withholding of one’s opinion around an audience perceivedto disagree with that opinion. They argued that people differin their willingness to self-censor and introduced an 8-itemself-report instrument, the Willingness to Self-Censor scale,to measure this individual difference. The results of an experimentalstudy presented here provide further evidence of the constructvalidity of the scale. Each participant in the study was presentedwith a hypothetical scenario that contained information suggestinga group of people the participant was conversing with abouta controversial topic held opinions that were either uniformlysimilar to or different from the participant’s own opinion.Four weeks prior, each participant had responded to the Willingnessto Self-Censor scale and a measure of dispositional shyness.As expected, the manipulation of the climate of opinion affectedwillingness to express an opinion to the group, but more soamong those who scored relatively high on the Willingness toSelf-Censor scale. These results support the notion that somepeople rely on information about the climate of opinion moreso than do others when they decide whether or not to voice theiropinion publicly, and they suggest that the Willingness to Self-Censorscale measures this individual difference.  相似文献   

The consumption of music: Integrating aesthetics and economics   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

James L. Shanahan 《Journal of Cultural Economics》1978,2(2):13-26

  相似文献   

Private support for the arts in U.S. metropolitan areas with United Arts Funds     

James L. Shanahan 《Journal of Cultural Economics》1989,13(2):35-51

  相似文献   

Ten Salient Practices of Undergraduate Research Mentors: A Review of the Literature     

Jenny Olin Shanahan  Elizabeth Ackley-Holbrook  Eric Hall  Kearsley Stewart  Helen Walkington 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2015,23(5):359-376

This paper identifies salient practices of faculty mentors of undergraduate research (UR) as indicated in the extensive literature of the past two decades on UR. The well-established benefits for students involved in UR are dependent, first and foremost, on high-quality mentoring. Mentorship is a defining feature of UR. As more and different types of colleges and universities strive to meet student demand for authentic scholarly experiences, it is imperative to identify what effective UR mentors do in order to ensure student engagement, quality enhancement, retention, and degree-completion. We offer an original analysis of the literature on UR mentoring in which we identify 10 significant “lessons learned,” or evidence-based practices of effective UR mentors that apply broadly across disciplines, students, institutions, and mentoring approaches.  相似文献   

Are Letter Detection and Proofreading Tasks Equivalent?     

Jean Saint-Aubin  Marie-Claire Losier  Macha Roy  Mike Lawrence 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2015,19(2):145-165

When readers search for misspellings in a proofreading task or for a letter in a letter detection task, they are more likely to omit function words than content words. However, with misspelled words, previous findings for the letter detection task were mixed. In two experiments, the authors tested the functional equivalence of both tasks. Results reveal similar patterns of omissions for both search tasks when misspellings were produced by substituting one letter for another: There were more omissions for function words than for content words. However, when two letters were transposed, differences between the two tasks emerged. It is possible to conclude that letter detection and proofreading are based on common cognitive processes but the nature of the target can modulate the effects. Results are interpreted in light of the attentional disengagement model and the guidance organization model of the missing-letter effect.  相似文献   

Helpfulness and the Development of Competence in Adolescence     

Kathleen Thiede Call  Jeylan T. Mortimer  Michael J. Shanahan 《Child development》1995,66(1):129-138

Using data from a representative panel of 1,000 Minnesota youth, this paper explores "helpfulness" in 2 spheres of adolescents' lives: the home and paid work settings. We examine the social structural conditions under which helpful behaviors are elicited, the interrelations of helpfulness and competence across 2 years of middle adolescence, and whether social circumstances moderate the effects of helpfulness on competence. Both boys' and girls' helpfulness in the home is responsive to family need. Furthermore, helpfulness at work and girls' competence are reciprocally related. We find evidence that the effects of helpfulness depend on the helper's motivations and the act's meaning, as shaped by the social context. Girls' competence is diminished by helpfulness in the home under conditions of poor father-daughter relationships and coercive maternal control.  相似文献   

Unique New Food Products Contain Good Omega Fats     

Marie-Claire Hurteau 《Journal of Food Science Education》2004,3(4):52-53

One of the core competencies in the new IFT Education standards is for students to achieve competency in communication skills (that is, oral and written communication, listening, interviewing, and so on). According to the IFT guidelines, by the time students graduate, they should not only be able to search for and condense information, but also be able to "communicate technical information to a non-technical audience."
Earlier this year, the Education Division of IFT sponsored a writing competition for undergraduate students to bring attention to and promote the development of communication skills. JFSE is pleased to publish the winning entry submitted by Marie-Claire Hurteau from the Univ. of Guelph.  相似文献   

Transdisciplinarity in STEM education: a critical review     

Miwa A. Takeuchi  Pratim Sengupta  Marie-Claire Shanahan  Jennifer D. Adams  Maryam Hachem 《Studies in Science Education》2020,56(2):213-253

ABSTRACT

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education garnered significant attention in recent years and has emerged as a key field of research globally. The goal of this article is to offer a critical review of how STEM education and its transdisciplinarity were defined and/or positioned in empirical studies published during the early formulation of the field. In particular, we sought to identify how these studies conceptualise learners and learning and portray the underlying assumptions in light of the macrosystemic discourses that often serve as ideological forces in shaping research and practice of STEM education. We examined 154 peer-reviewed articles published between January 2007 and March 2018 and analysed them along several emergent dimensions: their geospatial focus, focal disciplinary areas, methodological and theoretical assumptions, and major findings. Grounded in a critical transdisciplinary perspective, we used critical discourse analysis to identify how macrosystemic and institutionalised forces – overtly and implicitly – shape what counts as STEM education research, including its goals and conceptualisations of learners and learning. Our analysis highlights the need for aesthetic expansion and diversification of STEM education research by challenging the disciplinary hegemonies and calls for reorienting the focus away from human capital discourse.  相似文献   

Incorporating English Language Teaching Through Science for K-2 Teachers     

Therese Shanahan  Lauren M. Shea 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2012,23(4):407-428

English learners are faced with the dual challenge of acquiring English while learning academic content through the medium of the new language (Lee et al. in J Res Sci Teach 45(6):726?C747, 2008; Stoddart et al. in J Res Sci Teach 39(8):664?C687, 2002) and therefore need specific accommodations to achieve in both English and the content areas. Teachers require higher quality and new forms of professional development to learn and meet the needs of their students. This study examines the impact of one professional development model that explicitly embedded language learning strategies into science inquiry lessons. It also demonstrates how teachers involved in the PD program improve their self-efficacy about language instruction embedded in content and how they interpret and implement the methodology.  相似文献   

Students' Conceptions of Research. I: A qualitative and quantitative analysis   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Jan H. F. Meyer Corresponding author  Martin P. Shanahan  Rüdiger C. Laugksch 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(3):225-244

  相似文献