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1.
Emilia B. Halac María Reinoso Marcelo Luda Fernando Marte 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(4):469-473
The painting Proas Iluminadas (Illuminated Bows) by Benito Quinquela Martín is studied by Raman spectroscopy in order to analyse the technique and the pigments employed by the artist: ultramarine blue, carbon black, cadmium-sulphure based compounds for the hue of yellow, orange and red; also zinc white, barium yellow, massicot yellow and viridian were observed. The importance of using different excitation laser lines in the analysis of mixtures of pigments is highlighted. The Raman mapping analysis of cross section samples shows the way the artist composed the ground layer: a lead white stratum over a calcite one. It also allows distinguishing between a mixture of components and strata superposition, both presenting the same appearance under an optical microscope. This paper provides information about the materials and techniques used in a period of Argentine art not studied before from this point of view. 相似文献
2.
Vidar Gynnild John Tyssedal Lisa Lorentzen 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2005,3(4):587-607
In the late 1990s failure rates in a first-year introductory calculus course at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
reached peak levels. This paper reports on findings from an action research project that was set up in 2002/2003 to improve
the situation. The study confirms that students approach their tasks differently which contributes to qualitatively different
learning outcomes. Furthermore, patterns of achievement in mathematics and physics in secondary education keep reoccurring
in the calculus course, even though the teaching and learning contexts are different. The paper does not provide any definite
answer as to why groups of students get involved in distinctly different learning processes, and it will take further research
to decide the nature of commitment to the learning tasks. However, inspired by the notion of ‘practices’ this paper raises
a discussion about the role of intentionality in learning processes. When doing mathematics, students are also in a process
of being engaged in and developing a practice. It is a major challenge for academic staff to contribute to communities of
practice that are conducive to learning. 相似文献
3.
Svein Lorentzen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(2):103-110
Citizenship education has never been looked upon as a special subject in Norwegian schools, but as part of the more vague and general aspect of socialization. As a changing, but always present field within the school subject of history, patriotism plays an important and interesting part in the textbooks. In this article, more than 50 history textbooks are examined, covering the period from about 1814, when Norway broke loose from the union with Denmark, through a period of union with Sweden into national sovereignty after 1905. 相似文献
4.
Artworks are an inseparable part of the cultural heritage of societies and provide us with a unique look at cultural developments through time and space. For the best possible conservation, it is paramount to know the constituent materials, condition, and construction techniques of the objects (e.g. painting on wood, fresco, sculpture). Such information is required not only for the surfaces of the objects, but also for the interiors; in the imaging discipline, this is known as depth imaging. Here, we introduce a new method for non-invasive depth imaging as an alternative to traditional non-invasive methods when the latter cannot be used to obtain the required information. We use ultrasonic transverse-wave transmission measurements and turn them into virtual reflection measurements. We achieve this by applying seismic interferometry with active sources. Obtaining reflection measurements by seismic interferometry allows us to apply an advanced imaging technique – prestack depth migration, as used in seismic exploration – to produce a high-resolution depth image of an object. We apply our method to ultrasonic data recorded on a mockup of a painting on a wooden support. We validate our method by comparing our results with an image from X-ray computed tomography. 相似文献
5.
The Norwegian picture book What a Girl! (original title Snill) by Gro Dahle and Svein Nyhus was published 2011 and immediately gained a large audience. The book tells the story about a girl who always behaves in the ways expected of her: she never confronts her parents, her teacher or her classmates. This behaviour makes her invisible; she disappears into a wall, causing those around her to take notice. After a while, she fights herself out of the wall, emerging a completely different girl, a strong girl with a will of her own. However, she does not come alone: she has taken with her all the silent females, who had disappeared into the wall before her. The picture book story has fascinated both young and adult readers, and many student teachers have discussed it as part of their curriculum at university. The experienced reader will find intertextual relationships to other texts, where women disappear into the wall such as Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper (1899) and Patrice Kindl’s The Woman in the Wall (1997). The less-experienced reader will encounter a fascinating story of a girl fighting for her freedom and self-esteem. This article will present a multimodal analysis of the cover page and some significant spreads building on social semiotic theory and tools for analysing multimodal texts. The analysis will give a basis for discussing the development of the main character as a liberation project. 相似文献
6.
Marte Lorentzen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2020,64(5):677-691
ABSTRACT This article studies differences in teachers’ and teacher specialists’ perspectives of a newly introduced teacher specialist role in Norway. It is known that the emergence of specialised teachers challenges the egalitarian norms of the profession. However, there is a lack of insight into teachers’ perspectives of these roles and the nuances of egalitarianism in schools. By drawing on extensive observational data, focus groups and individual interviews, the present paper explores the characteristics of teacher specialists’ perceived boundaries, and how these boundaries can nuance the comprehension of teachers’ perspectives. The results reveal three boundaries: a knowledge boundary, a structural boundary and a relational boundary. In general, teachers have an overall positive perception of role differentiation in terms of knowledge specialisation. However, their support of such differentiation seems to be related to—and dependent on—an absence of interference with their classroom practice and individual autonomy. 相似文献
7.
Marte Blikstad-Balas 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2014,58(5):528-539
This article argues that many key theoretical concepts and core areas of study in the educational sciences are couched in paradigmatically vague terms. The shared features of vague terms and two different readings of vagueness are discussed. “Practice”, which is widely used both as a theoretical and an empirical term in the field of educational research, is used as an example of a vague concept that cannot be made more precise, regardless of the quality of definitions or theoretical agreement. Finally, in addition to giving an outline of how the term “practice” is used in the educational sciences, the article refers to contemporary educational research to discuss some of the key methodological implications of vague terms for researchers. 相似文献
8.
Lisbeth M. Brevik Marte Blikstad-Balas Kirsti Lyngvær Engelien 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2017,24(2):164-184
AbstractThis article provides an analysis of the integration of assessment for learning principles in the newly revised five-year Master of Education programme at the University of Oslo, Norway, across didactic subjects, pedagogy and school practice. The analysis draws on lecture notes, student videos and student exam papers among 143 student teachers, aiming to identify (a) the operationalisation of the assessment curriculum at the university campus, and in school practice, (b) how the student teachers use assessment principles as tools in their instructional designs and (c) how they self-assess their teaching practice. Our main finding is that student teachers seem to be more concerned with assessing their students than using self-assessment to improve their instruction. Based on the findings, we argue the importance of relating the teaching and learning activities with the assessment situations used in the teacher education programme. 相似文献
9.
Audio- and video-recordings are increasingly popular data sources in contemporary qualitative research, making discussions about methodological implications of such recordings timelier than ever. This article goes beyond discussing practical issues and issues of ‘camera effect’ and reactivity to identify three major challenges of using video to ‘capture’ social practices: (1) getting close enough to details without losing context, (2) encountering the most severe consequence of ‘death by data’ – namely magnifying events that may not be significant to participants, and finally, (3) representing data so that an audience can actually assess whether inferences drawn from the data are plausible. These important issues directly impact the credibility of qualitative research relying on video. The article combines existing literature with contemporary examples from educational research to critically discuss these three key challenges and some possible ways of addressing them. 相似文献
10.
Marte Blikstad-Balas 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2016,60(6):594-608
In traditional classrooms, a textbook was often the only source of knowledge available; in stark contrast, today's classrooms have an infinite number of knowledge sources available through the Internet. Nevertheless, a range of studies suggest that students systematically favor Wikipedia in their school-related literacy practices. The present study investigates this tendency among students in upper-secondary school, using a survey with multiple choice and open-ended questions. The main finding suggests that students favor Wikipedia because the site provides them with what they need, being fast, flexible, and easy to use. At the same time, students are aware of credibility issues associated with Wikipedia. A discrepancy between students’ positive attitudes to including Wikipedia in their school-related literacy practices and their teachers’ lack of approval of this knowledge source is discussed. 相似文献