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1.
Meindert Flikkema Paul Jansen Lidewey Van Der Sluis 《中国青年科技》2007,(11):F0003-F0003
创新是一项复杂的过程并具有多面性。在众多以创新与生产率之间联系为主题的研究中，由于数据限制，往往只采用单一指标来测度创新。本文对这种方式提出了质疑，认为这种研究方法可能会系统地偏向于某类经常通过参与创新活动以达到各种商业目的的公司或产业。为了更好地测度创新，本文介绍了一种创新索引，即以潜变量模型为基础的含有多项创新指标的线性指标组合。这一尝试得到加拿大制造业公司的大量微观数据组合的支持。 相似文献
2.
The present study aimed at investigating the process of scaffolding in a naturalistic setting with focus on a key aspect of scaffolding, namely contingency. Three Social Studies teachers in innovative prevocational schools were observed and interviewed. A coding scheme for the measurement of scaffolding was developed which revealed different patterns of contingent and non-contingent teaching amongst the teachers. In general these teachers of innovative schools showed little contingent teaching. Not adapting the support to students' current understanding and barely diagnosing the students' understanding appeared to be characteristic of this scarcity of non-contingent teaching. 相似文献
3.
This paper describes thereanalysis of data obtained in 1987 on themental calculation strategies used by asample of 11-year-olds
in the course of anational survey of schools in England,Wales and Northern Ireland. The mentalskills test was administered
to pupils in aone-to-one situation and the reanalysismade use of classifications of mentalstrategies developed in the past
decade ininternational research. These pupils werea subsample of the main sample of about 10000 who took a written test of
mathematicsin the survey, 247 taking both tests. Thescores on the written test were used todistribute these pupils into three
bands ofattainment in order to compare thefrequency and effectiveness of thestrategies used by pupils of differentlevels of
attainment. Eight of thereanalysed questions are discussed, each ofthem involving one of the four basicarithmetic operations.
Some are purelynumerical and in others the numbers are ina context. Top band pupils mostly preferredsequential strategies
which leave one ofthe numbers in the calculation complete,while the Bottom band generally preferredto split complete numbers
and operateseparately on the components of the numbersthus partitioned. The most popularstrategy for Middle band pupils in
severalquestions was the standard algorithm usedmentally. Complete number strategies werethe most successful for pupils in
all threebands. Possible implications for theNational Numeracy Strategy in Britain arediscussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
This study provides insight in the variety of urban-related challenges that beginning teachers experience in urban schools. Literature on urban teaching focuses on teaching children from low socio-economic status (SES) and/or culturally diverse backgrounds. In many European cities, however, schools are populated by both children from relatively high and from low-SES backgrounds. This study examined the problems and challenges of beginning teachers in Dutch urban primary schools. Teachers were interviewed at schools with different student populations. Results showed that, although many of the challenges that beginning teachers experienced concern the same themes, their actual manifestation differed related to schools’ student populations. For instance, the problem of ‘parental contact’ referred to both the extreme involvement and demands of highly educated wealthy parents at some schools and the diverse backgrounds of parents at other schools. Results of the study can be used to develop adequate preparation and support for beginning urban teachers. 相似文献
5.
6.
Lisette van Rens Jacqueline van Muijlwijk Jos Beishuizen Joop van der Schee 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(6):1012-1036
This study deals with the participation of 10 upper secondary chemistry students, aged 16–17, and their chemistry teacher in a pharmacochemistry research community on anti-allergy medicines at VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Participation of students in scientific research raises the question of how to bridge the gap between an upper secondary school inquiry practice and a scientific research practice. To bridge this gap, a design based on 6 principles derived from an educational model of a community of learners was proposed. The study first aimed at revealing whether the proposed principles were necessary according to the students, their teacher and three pharmacochemistry researchers for successful participation of the students in the research community. Second, the study examined whether the students' understanding of discipline-specific content knowledge, interest in scientific research and knowledge about the nature of science changed during the course of the study. Data were obtained from questionnaires, interviews and video tapes. The results indicated that according to the teacher all 6 principles were necessary to bridge the gap, whereas according to the students 1 principle and according to the pharmacochemistry researchers 2 principles were necessary but difficult to achieve. Furthermore, all students gained discipline-specific content knowledge. Their interest in scientific research exhibited a positive change and their knowledge about the nature of science increased. The implications for further research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
7.
This study examined the effects of a professional development programme aimed at equipping teachers for the challenges of teaching in urban schools. The contribution of the programme to teacher quality and teacher retention was evaluated using a mixed research design in which both quantitative (N?=?133) and qualitative (N?=?42) approaches were used. The results showed a significant effect of the programme on teacher knowledge and self-efficacy. Furthermore, teachers greatly appreciated the programme and they perceived a positive impact on their competences, self-efficacy and professional orientation. The opportunity to share experiences within a network of teachers was considered the most valuable element of the programme. 相似文献
8.
Julia Anghileri Meindert Beishuizen Kees van Putten 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2002,49(2):149-170
This paper explores written calculation methods for division used by pupils in England (n = 276) and the Netherlands (n = 259) at two points in the same school year. Informal strategies are analysed and progression identified towards more structured procedures that result from different teaching approaches. Comparison of the methods used by year 5 (Group 6) pupils in the two countries shows greater success in the Dutch approach, which is based on careful progression from informal strategies to more structured and efficient procedures. This success is particularly not able for the girls in the sample. For the English pupils, whose written solutions largely involved the traditional algorithm, the discontinuity between the formal computation procedure and informal solution strategies presents difficulties.This revised version was published online in September 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
Marjolein Dobber Inne Vandyck Sanne Akkerman Rick de Graaff Jos Beishuizen Albert Pilot 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2013,36(3):346-363
Teachers are expected to frequently collaborate within teacher communities in schools. This requires teacher education to prepare student teachers by developing the necessary community competence. The present study empirically investigates the extent to which teacher education programmes pay attention to and aim to stimulate the development of community competence in the intended curriculum, the implemented curriculum and the attained curriculum. Various types of data are gathered and analysed in respect of these three curriculum representations. It appears that community competence is weakly conceptualised in the intended curriculum. In the implemented, and especially the attained curriculum, this results in no systematic and explicit practice in terms of the development of community competence. 相似文献
10.
Zenawi Zerihun Jos Beishuizen Willem Van Os 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2012,24(2):99-111
The purpose of the study was to develop an improved teaching evaluation questionnaire based on students’ learning experiences
and selected teacher characteristics identified as indicators of teaching quality. Teaching evaluation questionnaires are
commonly designed either based on agreed indicators of teaching excellence, students’ suggestions of characteristics of excellence,
or dimensions identified from interviews conducted with excellent teachers. In this study, however, students’ evaluation of
their own learning experiences in learner centered classes and a hypothesized framework derived from the literature were used
to develop the items for the questionnaire. Students attended to courses designed in a learner centered paradigm and evaluated
their learning experiences. Based on the hypothesized framework and students’ reflections of their experiences, items were
designed and validated at various levels. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 24-item Student Evaluation of Learning
and Teaching Questionnaire (SELTQ) that comprises four factors: assessment and feedback; course organization and presentation;
student self evaluation; and students’ level of engagement. As opposed to the questionnaire widely used in higher education
institutions in Ethiopia that focuses on the evaluation of selected teacher characteristics, the new measure enables students
to evaluate teaching in terms of their own learning progress. 相似文献