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The relationship between innovation and subjective wellbeing 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Paul DolanRobert Metcalfe 《Research Policy》2012,41(8):1489-1498
Innovation should improve people's lives. The links made between innovation and subjective wellbeing (SWB) have, however, rarely been made. We use a representative survey of the British population and new primary data to explore the relationship between innovation and SWB. We show that creativity and SWB are correlated. This applies to questions related to self-reported creativity and for working in creative environments. More research is needed to determine the relative effects of each direction of causality in the relationship between innovation and SWB in the workplace and in life generally. 相似文献
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Tip-of-the-Tongue experiences (TOTs) are often accompanied by incorrect answers (blockers) that come to mind persistently
and seem to block recall. According to the blocking hypothesis, blockers cause retrieval difficulty during TOTs. We predicted
that delay would allow participants to forget their blockers, and thereby enhance TOT resolution. In Experiment 1 participants
were asked trivia questions and then retested on the ones that elicited TOTs, either immediately or after a delay. There was
an incubation effect overall, with greater TOT resolution after a delay than on an immediate test. Contrary to the blocking
hypothesis, however, delay did not enhance resolution of blocked TOTs more than non-blocked TOTs. In Experiment 2, during
the retest, participants were reminded of their previous blockers on some questions, but the reminders did not affect TOT
resolution. These findings suggest that blockers may be a side effect, not a cause, of retrieval difficulty during TOTs.
This paper is based on the first author’s Master’s thesis. 相似文献
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Robert D. Fitzgerald David L. Francisco James Metcalfe Maralee S. Lawson 《Learning & behavior》1984,12(2):217-222
Classical discrimination conditioning of heart rate (HR) and respiratory-motor (RM) activity was examined in 16 newborn (average age = 1 day) and 8 neonatal (average age = 2 weeks) pygmy goats over 4 days of conditioning involving an electric shock US and auditory CSs. On the 4th day, one-half of the animals in each group received a low to moderate dose of ethanol to test the resistance of the CRs to drug effects. Discriminated conditioning of RM activity but not HR occurred in the newborn group, indicating an absence of close coupling between skeletal-motor activity and HR at this early age. While the newborn group failed to show recognizable HR reactions to the CSs during the 4 days of testing, it did show a long-latency brady-cardia UR beginning at 2 days of age that may have been secondary to baroreceptor reflex actions. The neonatal group displayed conditioning of both HR and RM activity. The similar latencies of the two types of CRs during the CS suggested that they may have been related to each other. However, the fact that the RM CR developed a day before the HR CR, combined with the observation that ethanol modified the HR CR but not the RM CR, supports the view that there was considerable independence between the two types of CRs. 相似文献
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This paper reports research on cross‐national collaboration through Information and Communications Technology (ICT) within the statutory curricula of 10 special schools in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Working in north–south paired classes, the pupils carried out joint tasks using asynchronous computer conferencing and videoconferencing. The full spectrum of learning difficulty and disability was represented amongst the participating pupils. Interviews were conducted to elicit the views and experiences of the teachers in the 2002/03 cohort. The main aims were to discover whether cultural awareness developed through joint tasks using the two technologies, if computer conferencing improved literacy and ICT skills, and if videoconferencing enhanced oral communication. The results showed that cultural awareness developed as far as cognition allowed, when pupils in partner schools became aware of similarities as well as differences. Those with sufficient keyboard ability benefited from computer conferencing and ICT competence improved, but the much preferred medium for collaborative, inter‐school work was videoconferencing. All but the most dependent pupils could participate, and valuable, transferable social and communication skills were acquired. 相似文献
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Howard Thomas Hurst Jonathan Sinclair Stephen Atkins Lee Rylands John Metcalfe 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(14):1349-1354
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of different wheel size diameters on indicators of cross-country mountain bike time trial performance. Nine competitive male mountain bikers (age 34.7 ± 10.7 years; stature 177.7 ± 5.6 cm; body mass 73.2 ± 8.6 kg) performed 1 lap of a 3.48 km mountain bike (MTB) course as fast as possible on 26″, 27.5″ and 29″ wheeled MTB. Time (s), mean power (W), cadence (revs · min?1) and velocity (km · h?1) were recorded for the whole lap and during ascent and descent sections. One-way repeated measure ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. Results revealed no significant main effects for any variables by wheel size during all trials, with the exception of cadence during the descent (F(2, 16) = 8.96; P = .002; P2 = .53). Post hoc comparisons revealed differences lay between the 26″ and 29″ wheels (P = .02). The findings indicate that wheel size does not significantly influence performance during cross-country when ridden by trained mountain bikers, and that wheel choice is likely due to personal choice or sponsorship commitments. 相似文献
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Most theories predict that when people indicate that they are highly confident they are producing their strongest responses.
Hence, if such a high confidence response is in error it should be overwritten only with great difficulty. In contrast to
this prediction, we have found that people easily correct erroneous responses to general information questions endorsed as
correct with high-confidence, so long as the correct answer is given as feedback. Three potential explanations for this unexpected
hypercorrection effect are summarized. The explanation that is tested here, in two experiments, is that after a person commits
a high-confidence error the correct answer feedback, being surprising or unexpected, is given more attention than is accorded
to the feedback to low-confidence errors. This enhanced attentional capture leads to better memory. In both experiments, a
tone detection task was presented concurrently with the corrective feedback to assess the attentional capture of feedback
stimuli. In both, tone detection was selectively impaired during the feedback to high confidence errors. It was also negatively
related to final performance, indicating that the attention not devoted to the tone detection was effectively engaged by the
corrective feedback. These data support the attentional explanation of the high-confidence hypercorrection effect. 相似文献