THE ARCHIVES OF AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL HISTORY     

Francesco Cordasco 《Review of Education, Pedagogy & Cultural Studies》2013,35(3):285-297

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The demand for live performing arts in Italy   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Leo Bonato  Francesco Gagliardi  Stefano Gorelli 《Journal of Cultural Economics》1990,14(2):41-52

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In search of systemic innovation for sustainable development: A design praxis emerging from a decade of social learning inquiry     

John Colvin  Chris Blackmore  Sam Chimbuya  Kevin Collins  Mark Dent  John Goss  Ray Ison  Pier Paolo Roggero  Giovanna Seddaiu 《Research Policy》2014

Processes of designing for systemic innovation for sustainable development (SD) through the lens of three long-term case studies are reported. All case studies, which originated from the SLIM (Social Learning for the Integrated Management and Sustainable Use of Water at Catchment Scale) Project, funded within the EU Fifth Framework Program (2001–2004), constitute inquiry pathways that are explored using a critical incident approach. The initial starting conditions for each inquiry pathway are compared; significant pathway dependencies are identified which foster the development of social learning processes locally, but constrain their uptake and embedding across the wider system of interest. In the first case study, in England & Wales, promising developments in the application of social learning approaches to river basin planning over an initial 3-year period were subsequently marginalised, only to resurface towards the end of the 10-year period of study. In the second, South African case study, significant spaces for social learning and innovation in integrated water resources management were opened up over a five year period but closed down again, primarily as the result of lack of policy support by national government. The third, Italian, case study was designed to assess options for adapting to climate change by opening up new learning spaces between researchers, stakeholders and policy makers. A case for investing in local level systemic innovation through social-learning praxis design approaches and in learning processes around well contextualised case-studies is supported. However, concomitant investment by policy makers in social learning as an alternative, but complementary, governance mechanism for systemic innovation for SD is needed.  相似文献   

The nature of naive explanations of natural selection     

Michel Ferrari  Michelene T. H. Chi 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(10):1231-1256

Unlike some pivotal ideas in the history of science, the basic notion of natural selection is remarkably simple and so one might expect most students to easily grasp the basic principles of the Darwinian theory; yet many students nevertheless have difficulty understanding Darwinian evolution. We suggest that misconceptions about natural selection arise from mistaken categorization. Our thesis for explaining students’ failure to understand this concept or evolution in general is not that they necessarily fail to understand individual Darwinian principles; rather, they often fail to understand the ontological features of equilibration processes, of which evolution is one instance. They thus attribute the evolutionary process in general, and natural selection in particular, with event‐like properties. For example, naive students appear to focus on the idea of survival of the fittest, but embed this idea within an event ontology that involves actors struggling to overcome obstacles and achieve goals. Results showed that most naive subjects’ evolutionary explanations reflected an event ontology. Furthermore, event ontology attributes were positively correlated with non‐Darwinian explanations; by contrast, equilibration attributes, when present, were positively correlated with key Darwinian principles. These findings suggest that students would greatly benefit from science instruction that emphasized the underlying ontology of modern evolutionary theory.  相似文献   

Systematic reviews: inducting research students into scholarly conversations?     

Janni Leung  Alize Ferrari  Amanda Baxter  Mariyana Schoultz  Michelle Beattie  Meredith Harris 《高等教育研究与发展》2017,36(1):217-220

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On the Shapley value and its application to the Italian VQR research assessment exercise     

Camil Demetrescu  Francesco Lupia  Angelo Mendicelli  Andrea Ribichini  Francesco Scarcello  Marco Schaerf 《Journal of Informetrics》2019,13(1):87-104

Research assessment exercises have now become common evaluation tools in a number of countries. These exercises have the goal of guiding merit-based public funds allocation, stimulating improvement of research productivity through competition and assessing the impact of adopted research support policies. One case in point is Italy's most recent research assessment effort, VQR 2011–2014 (Research Quality Evaluation), which, in addition to research institutions, also evaluated university departments, and individuals in some cases (i.e., recently hired research staff and members of PhD committees). However, the way an institution's score was divided, according to VQR rules, between its constituent departments or its staff members does not enjoy many desirable properties well known from coalitional game theory (e.g., budget balance, fairness, marginality). We propose, instead, an alternative score division rule that is based on the notion of Shapley value, a well known solution concept in coalitional game theory, which enjoys the desirable properties mentioned above. For a significant test case (namely, Sapienza University of Rome, the largest university in Italy), we present a detailed comparison of the scores obtained, for substructures and individuals, by applying the official VQR rules, with those resulting from Shapley value computations. We show that there are significant differences in the resulting scores, making room for improvements in the allocation rules used in research assessment exercises.  相似文献   

On IT systems and knowledge sharing in MNCs: a lesson from Siemens AG     

Francesco?CiabuschiEmail author 《知识管理研究与实践》2005,3(2):87-96

This explorative case study aims at shedding light on the utilization of a specific Intranet-based knowledge-sharing platform, the ShareNet. This system is part of a €1bn investment campaign to transform Siemens into an e-driven company, and it is an important example of system enabling knowledge sharing between local subsidiaries within large multinationals. By investigating how such company-wide system is structured and employed a theoretical model and three propositions about IT contribution to intra-firm knowledge sharing are formulated. Findings lead to the conclusion that, on one hand, IT systems represent an efficient mechanism for knowledge duplication through imitation between units with similar capabilities and, on the other, as a trigger for direct interaction resulting in knowledge development through joint problem solving between units having complementary capabilities.  相似文献   

Anthropometric profiles of elite older triathletes in the Ironman Brazil compared with those of young Portuguese triathletes and older Brazilians     

Silva DA  Benedetti TR  Ferrari EP  Meurer ST  Antes DL  Silva AM  Santos DA  Matias CN  Sardinha LB  Vieira F  Petroski EL 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(5):479-484

The objective of this study was to describe the anthropometric profiles of elite older triathletes participating in the 2009 Ironman Brazil and to compare their somatotype, anthropometric and body composition characteristics with those of elite young triathletes and older non-athletes. The sample consisted of 64 males, divided into three groups: (1) older triathletes (n = 17), (2) young triathletes (n = 24), and (3) older non-athletes (n = 23). Somatotype was analysed according to the Carter and Heath ( 1990 ) method. Body mass index, sum of four skinfolds, percentage body fat, body fat mass, and fat-free mass were also estimated. Older non-athletes had higher endomorphy, sum of four skinfolds, fat percentage, and body fat mass than the athletes. Older athletes who participated in the Ironman and elite young triathletes had higher fat-free mass than older non-athletes. Older triathletes and older non-athletes were considered mainly endomorphic mesomorphs and young triathletes mainly ectomorphic mesomorphs. The findings that characterize the anthropometric profile of athletes in this sports modality could be used as a reference.  相似文献   

The role of copper on colour of palaeo-Christian glass mosaic tesserae: An XAS study     

Alberta Silvestri  Serena Tonietto  Francesco D’Acapito  Gianmario Molin 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(2):137-144

This work reports mainly the results of an X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) study carried out on coloured glass tesserae from the palaeo-Christian mosaic which decorated the votive chapel of St. Prosdocimus (Padova) until its replacement with the current frescoes of Renaissance age, and which is one of the only two known mosaics in the Veneto region (Italy). The study aims at clarifying how the different local structure, oxidation state and quantity of copper influenced colour. Analysis of high-resolution Cu-K edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectra showed that copper is present as cuprite (Cu₂O) in orange samples and as metallic copper in red and brown ones. These phases are responsible for both the colour and opacity of the samples. In addition, Cu¹⁺ ions linked to the oxygen atoms of the glass framework were identified in ratios of about 60% and 30% of total copper in orange and red/brown samples, respectively. In blue and green samples, copper is dispersed in the glass matrix as a mixture of Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions, and no crystalline phases are visible. In this context, the Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺ contents in glass were also quantified thanks to suitable standards, demonstrating that, when Cu²⁺ is the main chromophorous ion, colour intensity is directly correlated to its content in the glass. In particular, in green and blue samples, coloured by copper, Cu²⁺ content varies from 26% to 56% of total copper, and the higher contents of Cu²⁺ are shown by more intensely coloured samples. It should be stressed here that the green colour of the analysed tesserae is given by the physical interaction of blue colour, due to Cu²⁺ ions, and yellow colour, due to Pb antimonates used as opacifiers.  相似文献   

Entering the European Information Society: Four Rural Development Projects     

Pernilla Gripenberg  Ingjerd Skogseid  Francesco Botto  Andrea Silli  Virpi Kristiina Tuunainen 《The Information Society》2004,20(1):3-14

This article compares four European information and communication technologies (ICT) development projects spawned by national and EU initiatives to create the “European information society.” These projects, which sought to support learning and better use of ICT, were all the result of opportunities opened up by political initiatives. The analysis indicates that the main problems that afflict these projects stem from varied expectations and interests of the major actors. These problems can be mitigated considerably if a feeling of ownership is generated among the participants. This sense of belonging, however, is difficult to foster in a “top-down” project. Hence there is a need for a better balance between the “top-down” and “bottom-up” influences in the development of such projects.  相似文献